1994 Annual report: San Francisco Estuary regional monitoring program for trace substances
Bruce Carlyle Thompson, Jay Davis, Margaret Johnston, E. Johnston, Jessica R. Lacy, Kimberly A. Taylor, John W. Hunt, Brian Anderson
1995, Report
This is the second Annual Report of the Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances (RMP). It describes concentrations of pollutants in water, sediment, and tissue samples of oysters, mussels, and clams at 15 to 24 sampling locations for three discrete sampling events - during the wet season in February, in...
Three-dimensional inverse modelling using heads and concentrations at a Danish landfill
Heidi Christiansen Barlebo, Mary C. Hill, Dan Rosbjerg, Karsten H. Jensen
1995, Conference Paper, Models for Assessing and Monitoring Groundwater Quality
A three-dimensional inverse model using hydraulic heads and concentrations of non-reactive solutes is presented. Application to the Danish Grindsted Old Landfill is used to investigate how the concentration data affects estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and longitudinal dispersivity as well as prediction uncertainty...
Modeling and predicting intertidal variations of the salinity field in the Bay/Delta
Noah Knowles, Reginald J. Uncles
1995, Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter 8-10
San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta have challenged estuarine modelers for some years. Accurate, broad-scale models of this estuary have been in demand by those concerned with its ecological health and the development of sound management policies. A description and better understanding of the dynamics that govern the...
Pathway models could aid management of contaminants
S. N. Luoma
1995, Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter 6-8
Heavy metal and trace organic contaminants are often cited as factors that could affect the riclmess of the biological community of San Francisco Bay as well as the health of resident organisms. Silver (Ag), selenium (Se), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd) are among the...
Long-term simulation of PCB export from the Fox River to Green Bay
M.L. Velleux, Douglas Endicott, Jeffrey Steuer, Dale Patterson, Steven Jaeger
1995, Journal of Great Lakes Research (21) 359-372
A mass balance approach was used to model long-term PCB transport in the Fox River (Wisconsin) from Lake Winnebago to Green Bay. The objectives of this research were to (1) extend the modeling approach for the Fox River to permit realistic long-term simulations of contaminant transport and fate, (2) forecast...
Changes in winter air temperatures near Lake Michigan, 1851-1993, as determined from regional lake-ice records
R. A. Assel, Dale M. Robertson
1995, Limnology and Oceanography (40) 165-176
Records of freezeup and breakup dates for Grand Traverse Bay, Michigan, and Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, are among the longest ice records available near the Great Lakes, beginning in 185 1 and 1855, respectively. The timing of freezeup and breakup results from an integration of meteorological conditions (primarily air temperature) that...
Long-term hydrologic and biogeochemical responses of a soft water seepage lake in north central Wisconsin
Dennis A. Wentz, William J. Rose, Katherine E. Webster
1995, Water Resources Research (31) 199-212
Hydrologic and chemical budgets were determined for the period October 1980 through September 1988 for Vandercook Lake, a 43-ha soft water seepage lake located in predominantly sandy outwash in northern Wisconsin. The 1951–1980 mean annual precipitation for the lake, based on nearby National Weather Service (NWS) stations, was 825 mm;...
Transient hydrogeological controls on the chemistry of a seepage lake
David P. Krabbenhoft, Katherine E. Webster
1995, Water Resources Research (31) 2295-2305
A solute mass balance method was used to estimate groundwater inflow and outflow rates for Nevins Lake, Michigan, a seepage lake in the upper peninsula that historically has shown extremely variable water chemistry compared with most other seepage lakes. A 4-year study (1989–1992) of the hydrology and geochemistry of Nevins...
Spatial controls on patterns of land-use induced stream disturbance at the drainage-basin scale: an example from gravel-bed streams of the Ozark Plateaus, Missouri
Robert B. Jacobson
John E. Costa, Andrew J. Miller, Kenneth W. Potter, Peter R. Wilcock, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Natural and anthropogenic influences in fluvial geomorphology
Construction aggregates
V.V. Tepordei
1995, Mining Engineering (47) 542-543
Part of the 1994 Industrial Minerals Review. The production, consumption, and applications of construction aggregates are reviewed. In 1994, the production of construction aggregates, which includes crushed stone and construction sand and gravel combined, increased 7.7 percent to 2.14 Gt compared with the previous year. These record production levels are...
Fluorspar
M. Miller
1995, Mining Engineering (47) 544-545
The production, consumption, and applications of fluorspar are reviewed. In 1994, the U.S. exported about 45 kt of fluorspar, but, according to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 493 kt were imported during the same period. Consumption, according to preliminary figures from the U.S. Bureau of Mines, was about 473...
Strontium
J.A. Ober
1995, Mining Engineering (47) 558-558
Part of the 1994 Industrial Minerals Review. The production, consumption, and applications of strontium are reviewed. Consumption for the year is estimated to have been about 35 kt for strontium contained in celestite, strontium carbonate, and strontium nitrate. Exports of strontium totaled only about 1.1 kt for the year. U.S....
Modeling of multiphase multicontaminant transport in the subsurface
T.F. Russell
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 1035-1047
This review addresses modeling of subsurface hydrological systems in which contaminants are transported in more than one fluid phase. The primary focus is on problems involving nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs), a dynamic gas phase, or both, so that the unsaturated and saturated zones are both discussed. Basic research in simpler settings...
Applications of mineral surface chemistry to environmental problems
A. F. White
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 111-115
Environmental surface chemistry involves processes that occur at the interface between the regolith, hydrosphere and atmosphere. The more limited scope of the present review addresses natural and anthropogenically-induced inorganic geochemical reactions between solutes in surface and ground waters and soil and aquifer substrates. Important surficial reactions include sorption, ion exchange,...
Recent advances in simulation-optimization groundwater management modeling
B.J. Wagner
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 1021-1028
In recent years, the aquifer simulation model has been combined with techniques of optimization to address important groundwater management problems. The combined simulation and optimization model accounts for the complex behavior of the groundwater system and identifies the best management strategy under consideration of the management objectives and constraints. Simulation-optimization...
Crustal magnetic anomalies
C.A. Raymond, R.J. Blakely
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 177-183
This Quadrennial Report departs in format from its predecessors. Earlier reports provided brief descriptions of the entire range of topics on “crustal magnetic anomalies.” Following guidelines established by the AGU, we instead focus our discussion on only a few selected topics. Our abbreviated list of references reflects this restricted focus....
Recent advances in statistical methods for the estimation of sediment and nutrient transport in rivers
Timothy A. Cohn
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 1117-1123
This paper reviews advances in methods for estimating fluvial transport of suspended sediment and nutrients. Research from the past four years, mostly dealing with estimating monthly and annual loads, is emphasized. However, because this topic has not appeared in previous IUGG reports, some research prior to 1990 is included. The...
Deep-crustal seismology of continental margins
T.M. Brocher
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 309-314
This review discusses results from recent seismic experiments at continental margins conducted by U.S. investigators as well as those by non-U. S. investigators necessary to place the results of U.S. workers into context. Continental margins may be characterized as either rifted, transform, or convergent. Rifted (or passive) margins form where...
Earthquake geodesy and hazard monitoring
K.W. Hudnut
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 249-255
Catastrophic events such as major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions result when the earth's crust fails in response to accumulated deformation. The accumulation of deformation results from ongoing processes such as aseismic deformation of subcrustal rock associated with relative plate motions, or the ascent of magma through a volcanic plumbing system....
Volcano seismology, hazards assessment
J. Mori
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 263-267
The last few years have seen several impressive examples of seismic monitoring at volcanoes to provide warnings that have saved lives and property. Changes in the rates and character of volcanic earthquakes provided precursory signs to explosive eruptions of moderate size at Redoubt volcano (Alaska), Mount Unzen (Japan), Mount Spurr...
Interslab earthquakes and phase changes in subducting lithosphere
S. Kirby
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 287-297
At 0033 UT on 9 June 1994, a great deep earthquake occurred 635 km beneath the Amazonian rain forest of northern Bolivia. The deep rupture of this record-setting magnitude 8.3 shock lasted about a minute [Harvard University Centroid Moment Tensor Catalogue]. The seismic strain release of this single event, as...
Magnetic records of climate change
R. L. Reynolds, J.W. King
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 101-110
Sediments deposited on the sea floor, on lake bottoms, as well as on land as accumulations of windblown silt (loess) and as ancient soils (paleosols) formed in the loess possess many different properties that record past changes in climate. Geologically recoverable information on paleoclimate includes changes in global temperature as...
Analysis of water level management on the upper Mississippi River (1980–1990)
Joseph H. Wlosinski, Lara Hill
1995, Regulated Rivers: Research & Management (11) 239-248
Management at 27 low-head dams affects water surface elevations for a 1050km stretch of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) between St Louis, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota. A systemic overview is given of current operating plans at dams on the UMR and historical data are analysed to determine how well the...
Partnerships for progress at the U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1995, Report
This is about opportunity for the private sector. It is about combining the research capabilities of Government scientists with the commercial development potential of private companies. It is, consequently, about partnerships leading to products and services to enhance the quality of life and strengthen the American economy....
Proceedings of the second biennial conference on research in Colorado Plateau National Parks
Charles van Riper III, editor(s)
1995, NPS/NRNAU/NRTP 95-11
On 25-28 October 1993 in Flagstaff, Arizona, the National Biological Service Colorado Plateau Research Station (formerly National Park Service Cooperative Park Studies Unit) and Northern Arizona University hosted the Second Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau. The conference theme focused on research, inventory, and monitoring on the federal,...
