Phosphate dynamics in an acidic mountain stream: Interactions involving algal uptake, sorption by iron oxide, and photoreduction
Cathy M. Tate, Robert E. Broshears, Diane M. McKnight
1995, Limnology and Oceanography (40) 938-946
Acid mine drainage streams in the Rocky Mountains typically have few algal species and abundant iron oxide deposits which can sorb phosphate. An instream injection of radiolabeled phosphate (32P0,) into St. Kevin Gulch, an acid mine drainage stream, was used to test the ability of a dominant algal species, Ulothrix...
Release strategies for rehabilitated sea otters
Anthony R. DeGange, Brenda E. Ballachey, Keith Bayha
Terrie M. Williams, Randall W. Davis, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Emergency care and rehabilitation of oiled sea otters: A guide for oil spils involving fur-bearing marine mammals
According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services’ (USFWS) Response Plan for sea otters (USFWS, in preparation), in the event of an oil spill, the decision to release sea otters from rehabilitation centers following treatment will be linked to the decision on whether to capture sea otters for treatment. Assuming...
Use of isotopic data to estimate water residence times of the Finger Lakes, New York
Robert L. Michel, Thomas F. Kraemer
1995, Journal of Hydrology (164) 1-18
Water retention times in the Finger Lakes, a group of 11 lakes in central New York with similar hydrologic and climatic characteristics, were estimated by use of a tritium-balance model. During July 1991, samples were collected from the 11 lakes and selected tributary streams and were analyzed for tritium, deuterium,...
Characterization of a rhabdovirus isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio in Italy
G. Bovo, N.J. Olesen, P.E.V. Jorgensen, W. Ahne, J. R. Winton
1995, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (21) 115-122
A virus, strain 583, was isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio fry exhibiting high mortality. The virus was not neutralized by rabbit antisera against the fish rhabdoviruses viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, eel rhabdovirus European X, spring viraemia of carp virus or pike fry rhabdovirus, or...
Reproduction, preweaning survival, and survival of adult sea otters at Kodiak Island, Alaska
Daniel H. Monson, Anthony R. DeGange
1995, Canadian Journal of Zoology (73) 1161-1169
Radiotelemetry methods were used to examine the demographic characteristics of sea otters inhabiting the leading edge of an expanding population on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Fifteen male and 30 female sea otters were instrumented and followed from 1986 to 1990. Twenty-one percent of females were sexually mature (had pupped) at age...
Seasonal land-cover regions of the United States
Thomas R. Loveland, James W. Merchant, Jesslyn F. Brown, Donald O. Ohlen, Bradley C. Reed, Paul Olson, John Hutchinson
1995, Annals of the Association of American Geographers (85) 339-355
Global-change investigations have been hindered by deficiencies in the availability and quality of land-cover data. The U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have collaborated on the development of a new approach to land-cover characterization that attempts to address requirements of the global-change research community and others interested in...
Fluxes of water and solute in a coastal wetland sediment. l. The contribution of regional groundwater discharge
William K. Nuttle, Judson W. Harvey
1995, Journal of Hydrology (164) 89-107
Upward discharge of fresh groundwater into a mid-Atlantic intertidal wetland contributed 62% of the water needed to replace evapotranspiration losses from the sediment during an 11 day period in September. Infiltration during flooding by tides provided most of the balance; thus there was a net advection of salt into the...
Mission in the works promises precise global topographic data
T. Farr, D. Evans, H. Zebker, D. Harding, J. Bufton, T. Dixon, S. Vetrella, D.B. Gesch
1995, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (76) 225-229
Significant deficiencies in the quality of today's topographic data severely limit scientific applications. Very few available data sets meet the stringent requirements of 10–30 m for global digital topography and 5 m or better vertical accuracy, and existing satellite systems are unlikely to fulfill these requirements. The Joint Topographic Science...
Map projections for global and continental data sets and an analysis of pixel distortion caused by reprojection
Daniel R. Steinwand, John A. Hutchinson, J.P. Snyder
1995, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (61) 1487-1497
In global change studies the effects of map projection properties on data quality are apparent, and the choice of projection is significant. To aid compilers of global and continental data sets, six equal-area projections were chosen: the interrupted Goode Homolosine, the interrupted Mollweide,...
Characterization of a high-transmissivity zone by well test analysis: Steady state case
Claire R. Tiedeman, Paul A. Hsieh, Sarah B. Christian
1995, Water Resources Research (31) 27-37
A method is developed to analyze steady horizontal flow to a well pumped from a confined aquifer composed of two homogeneous zones with contrasting transmissivities. Zone 1 is laterally unbounded and encloses zone 2, which is elliptical in shape and is several orders of magnitude more transmissive than zone 1....
Digital image comparison by subtracting contextual transformations—percentile rank order differentiation
M. E. Wehde
1995, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (61) 1273-1278
The common method of digital image comparison by subtraction imposes various constraints on the image contents. Precise registration of images is required to assure proper evaluation of surface locations. The attribute being measured and the calibration and scaling of the sensor are also important to the validity and interpretability of...
Stable isotopes in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems: Interactions between fluids, minerals, and organisms
Wayne C. Shanks III, J.K. Bohlke, Robert R. Seal, II
S.D. Humphries, Robert A. Zierenberg, Lauren S. Mullineaux, Richard E. Thomson, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Seafloor hydrothermal systems: Physical, chemical, biological, and geological interactions
Studies of abundance variations of light stable isotopes in nature have had a tremendous impact on all aspects of geochemistry since the development, in 1947, of a gas source isotope ratio mass spectrometer capable of measuring small variations in stable isotope ratios (Nice, 1947]. Stable isotope geochemistry is now a...
Mapping tide-water glacier dynamics in east Greenland using landsat data
John L. Dwyer
1995, Journal of Glaciology (41) 584-595
Landsat multispectral scanner and thematic mapper images were co-registered For the Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord region in East Greenland and were used to map glacier drainage-basin areas, changes in the positions of tide-water glacier termini and to estimate surface velocities of the larger tide-water glaciers. Statistics were compiled to document distance and...
The global topography mission gains momentum
Tom Farr, Diane Evans, Howard Zebker, David Harding, Jack Bufton, Timothy Dixon, S. Vetrella, Dean B. Gesch
1995, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (76) 213-216
An accurate description of the surface elevation of the Earth is of fundamental importance to many branches of Earth science. Continental topographic data are required for studies of hydrology, ecology, glaciology, geomorphology, and atmospheric circulation. For example, in hydrologic and terrestrial ecosystem studies, topography exerts significant control on intercepted solar...
Tectonic setting of the Portland-Vancouver area, Oregon and Washington: Constraints from low-altitude aeromagnetic data
R.J. Blakely, R.E. Wells, T.S. Yelin, I. P. Madin, M.H. Beeson
1995, Geological Society of America Bulletin (107) 1051-1062
Seismic activity in the Portland-Vancouver metropolitan area may be associated with various mapped faults that locally offset volcanic basement of Eocene age and younger. This volcanic basement is concealed in most places by young deposits, vegetation, and urban development. The U.S. Geological Survey...
Changing drainage patterns within South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, 1964-1992
A. G. Fountain, B. H. Vaughn
1995, Biogeochemistry of seasonally snow-covered catchments. Proc. symposium, Boulder, 1995 (228) 379-386
The theoretical patterns of water drainage are presented for South Cascade Glacier for four different years between 1964 and 1992, during which the glacier was thinning and receding. The theoretical pattern compares well, in a broad sense, with the flow pattern determined from tracer injections in 1986 and 1987. Differences...
Strong-acid, carboxyl-group structures in fulvic acid from the Suwannee River, Georgia. 2. Major structures
J.A. Leenheer, R.L. Wershaw, M.M. Reddy
1995, Environmental Science & Technology (29) 399-405
Polycarboxylic acid structures that account for the strong-acid characteristics (pKa1 near 2.0) were examined for fulvic acid from the Suwannee River. Studies of model compounds demonstrated that pKa values near 2.0 occur only if the a-ether or a-ester groups were in cyclic structures with two to three additional electronegative functional...
Recent advances in understanding the interaction of groundwater and surface water
Thomas C. Winter
1995, Reviews of Geophysics (33) 985-994
The most common image of the interaction of groundwater and surface water is that of the interaction of streams with a contiguous alluvial aquifer. This type of system has been the focus of study for more than 100 years, from the work of Boussinesq (1877) to the present, and stream-aquifer...
Fish communities
K. D. Lafferty, J.A. Altstatt
R.F. Ambrose, editor(s)
1995, Report
No abstract available at this time...
Zinc, copper, and lead geochemistry of oceanic igneous rocks - ridges, islands, and arcs
B. R. Doe
1995, International Geology Review (37) 379-420
Variations in the abundances of Zn, Cu, and Pb are found to be useful in identifying tectonic regimes and separating oceanisland basalts into enriched- and depleted-source categories. The average Zn, Cu, and Pb contents of normal mid-ocean ridge basalts (N-MORB) are 84, 70, and 0.35 ppm, respectively. Differences in...
Pesticides in near-surface aquifers: An assessment using highly sensitive analytical methods and tritium
D.W. Kolpin, D. A. Goolsby, E.M. Thurman
1995, Journal of Environmental Quality (24) 1125-1132
In 1992, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) determined the distribution of pesticides in near-surface aquifers of the midwestern USA to be much more widespread than originally determined during a 1991 USGS study. The frequency of pesticide detection increased from 28.4% during the 1991 study to 59.0% during the 1992 study....
Source, movement and age of groundwater in the upper part of the Mojave River Basin, California, USA
J. A. Izbicki, P. Martin, R. L. Michel
1995, IAHS-AISH Publication 43-56
Water samples from wells were collected and analysed for oxygen-18, deuterium, tritium, carbon-14, and carbon-13 to determine the source, movement and age of groundwater in the upper part of the Mojave River basin. Water in the alluvial aquifer has a median deuterium composition of -66??? and contains tritium, and was...
Simulation of interaction between ground water in an alluvial aquifer and surface water in a large braided river
S. A. Leake, M. R. Lilly
1995, Conference Paper, International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings
The Fairbanks, Alaska, area has many contaminated sites in a shallow alluvial aquifer. A ground-water flow model is being developed using the MODFLOW finite-difference ground-water flow model program with the River Package. The modeled area is discretized in the horizontal dimensions into 118 rows and 158 columns of approximately 150-meter...
Tilted middle Tertiary ash-flow calderas and subjacent granitic plutons, southern Stillwater Range, Nevada: Cross sections of an Oligocene igneous center
D. A. John
1995, Geological Society of America Bulletin (107) 180-200
Steeply tilted late Oligocene caldera systems in the Stillwater caldera complex record a number of unusual features including extreme thickness of caldera-related deposits (>4–5.5 km), lack of conclusive evidence for structural doming of the calderas despite intrusion of cogenetic plutonic rocks, and preservation of vertical compositional zoning in the plutonic...
Use of hydrologic budgets and hydrochemistry to determine ground-water and surface-water interactions for Rapid Creek, Western South Dakota
Mark T. Anderson
1995, Conference Paper, International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings
The study of ground-water and surface-water interactions often employs streamflow-gaging records and hydrologic budgets to determine ground-water seepage. Because ground-water seepage usually is computed as a residual in the hydrologic budget approach, all uncertainty of measurement and estimation of budget components is associated with the ground-water seepage. This uncertainty can...
