Fluorspar
M. Miller
1994, Mining Engineering (46) 532-533
The U.S. exported approximately 52 kt of fluorspar in 1993. All reported production of fluorspar came from the Illinois mines of Elf Atochem. The U.S. consumed approximately 439 kt of fluorspar, according to preliminary U.S. Bureau of Mines figures. Fluorspar markets and industry developments are discussed....
Giant Hawaiian underwater landslides
James G. Moore, William R. Normark, Robin T. Holcomb
1994, Science (264) 46-47
No abstract available ...
The relationship between species richness and community biomass: The importance of environmental variables
L. Gough, J.B. Grace, K.L. Taylor
1994, Oikos (70) 271-279
Several studies have used plant community biomass to predict species richness with varying success. In this study we examined the relationship between species richness and biomass for 36 marsh communities from two different watersheds. In addition, we measured several environmental variables and estimated the potential richness (the total number of...
Acute toxicity of 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, terbufos and trichlorfon to grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) as affected by salinity and temperature
J. A. Brecken-Folse, F.L. Mayer, L.E. Pedigo, L. L. Marking
1994, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (13) 67-77
The toxicities of two industrial chemicals (4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol) and two organophosphate insecticides (terbufos and trichlorfon) to juvenile grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon vanegatus) were determined by static, 96-h toxicity tests in a factorial design with 12 combinations of salinity and temperature (15, 20, 25, 30ppt x...
A new selective enrichment procedure for isolating Pasteurella multocida from avian and environmental samples
M.K. Moore, L. Cicnjak-Chubbs, R.J. Gates
1994, Avian Diseases (38) 317-324
A selective enrichment procedure, using two new selective media, was developed to isolate Pasteurella multocida from wild birds and environmental samples. These media were developed by testing 15 selective agents with six isolates of P. multocida from wild avian origin and seven other bacteria representing genera frequently found in environmental...
Decline in a population of spectacled eiders nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Craig R. Ely, Christian Dau, Christopher Babcock
1994, Northwestern Naturalist (75) 81-87
The number of spectacled eiders nesting on two study areas near the Kashunuk River, on the central Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, Alaska, declined by over 75% in the last 20 years. Nesting densities have remained low, but have not significantly declined since 1985. There has been no decrease in the reproductive...
Emperor goose (Chen canagica)
Margaret R. Petersen, Joel A. Schmutz, R.F. Rockwell
A. Poole, F. Gill, editor(s)
1994, Birds of North America 97
Early naturalists exploring western Alaska were intrigued to find a stocky, blue-gray species of coastal goose unique to that area and nearby Russia. As E. W. Nelson (1887) wrote, "Among the various species of birds more or less peculiar to Alaska this goose is perhaps the most noteworthy." The Emperor...
New uranium-series ages of the Waimanalo Limestone, Oahu, Hawaii: implications for sea level during the last interglacial period
D.R. Muhs, Barney J. Szabo
1994, Marine Geology (118) 315-326
The Waimanalo Formation (limestone) of Oahu has been correlated with the last interglacial period based on U-series dating of corals by T.-L. Ku and colleagues. The limestone consists of growth-position corals and overlying coral conglomerate. An apparent bimodal distribution of ages for the growth-position corals (mean age = 133 ka)...
Hepatic cadmium, metal-binding proteins and bioaccumulation in bluegills exposed to aqueous cadmium
W.G. Cope, G.J. Atchison, J.G. Wiener
1994, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (13) 553-562
We examined sublethal responses of juvenile bluegills Lepomis macrochirus to aqueous cadmium in two 28-d tests (test I, 0.0-8.4 μg Cd per liter; test II, 0.0-32.3 μg Cd per liter) in an intermittent-flow diluter. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two replicates in each of eight treatments (seven Cd...
Functional response of wolves preying on barren-ground caribou in a multiple-prey ecosystem
B.W. Dale, Layne G. Adams, R.T. Bowyer
1994, Journal of Animal Ecology (63) 644-652
1. We investigated the functional response of wolves (Canis lupus) to varying abundance of ungulate prey to test the hypothesis that switching from alternate prey to preferred prey results in regulation of a caribou (Rangifer tarandus) population at low densities. 2. We determined prey selection, kill rates, and prey abundance...
Cadmium, metal-binding proteins, and growth in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus
W. Gregory Cope, James G. Wiener, Mark T. Steingraeber, Gary J. Atchison
1994, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (51) 1356-1367
We exposed juvenile bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) to ~1000 mg∙L−1 of continuously suspended river sediment in a 28-d test with six treatments (randomized block with one sediment-free control and five sediments ranging from 1.3 to 21.4 μg Cd∙g dry weight−1). Each treatment had three replicates, each with 25 fish. Growth was reduced by...
The interactive effects of herbivory and fire on an oligohaline marsh, Little Lake, Louisiana, USA
K.L. Taylor, J.B. Grace, G.R. Guntenspergen, A.L. Foote
1994, Wetlands (14) 82-87
Herbivory and fire have been shown to affect the structure and composition of marsh communities. Because fire may alter plant species composition and cover, and these alterations may have an effect on herbivore populations or foraging patterns, an interactive effect of herbivory and fire may be expected. In this study,...
What do maps show?
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1994, Report
The purpose of the teaching package is to help students understand and use maps. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has provided the package as a service to educators so that more Americans will learn to understand the world of information on maps. Everything in the package teaches and reinforces geographic...
Quantifying precision of in situ length and weight measurements of fish
S. Gutreuter, D.J. Krzoska
1994, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (14) 318-322
We estimated and compared errors in field-made (in situ) measurements of lengths and weights of fish. We made three measurements of length and weight on each of 33 common carp Cyprinus carpio, and on each of a total of 34 bluegills Lepomis macrochirus and black crappies Pomoxis nigromaculatus. Maximum total...
Use of defluorinated rock phosphate in trout and salmon diets to reduce soluble waste phosphorus
H. G. Ketola
1994, Aquaculture Magazine (20) 85-85
Materials Flow of Arsenic in the United States
J. Roger Loebenstein
1994, Information Circular 9382
Cadmium (Materials Flow)
Thomas O. Llewellyn
1994, Information Circular 9380
Chromium Life Cycle Study
John F. Papp
1994, Information Circular 9411
Measurement of radon gas on major faults in California, USA
W. Zhang, C.-Y. King
1994, Acta Seismologica Sinica (7) 159-165
Abundant data have been gathered through measurements of radon gas emission in the soil on several major active faults, such as San Andreas and Calaveras, in California, U.S.A.. They show radon emissions and their spatial variations at the unlocked, locked, and creeping sections of faults with different tectonic movements. The...
Hydrologic processes controlling sulfate mobility in a small forested watershed
Thomas G. Huntington, R. P. Hooper, Brent T. Aulenbach
1994, Water Resources Research (30) 283-295
Hydrologic controls on sulfate mobility were investigated in a forested catchment in the Georgia Piedmont using a watershed mass balance approach. Variations in annual sulfate export were governed primarily by differences in runoff rather than by differences in sulfate deposition or in total annual precipitation. However, 2 years with similar...
A taxonomic review of Dendroica petechia (yellow warbler) (Aves: Parulinae)
M.R. Browning
1994, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (107) 27-51
Can activity traps assess aquatic insect abundance at the landscape level?
L.R. Boobar, K.E. Gibbs, J. R. Longcore
1994, Bulletin of the North American Benthological Society (11) 94 (Abstra
We used activity traps as designed by Riley and Bookhout (1990. Wetlands) to sample aquatic invertebrates as part of a study to characterize wetlands on a forested and an agricultural landscape (ca. 1,000 mi'2) in northern. Maine. Eight wetlands (5 from agricultural and 3 from forested landscapes) were sampled at...
Should we terminate an 'artificial,' tree-nesting raptor population in Arizona?
D. H. Ellis, D.G. Smith, F.B.P. Trahan
1994, Journal of Raptor Research (28) 56 (abs)
The Altar Valley in southcentral Arizona was once a iallgrass prairie. Overgrazing prevented fire and spread mesquite, allowing the area, now a savanna, to be heavily used by tree-nesting raptors in summer and heavily hunted by perch-hunting raptors in winter. The breeding raptor community (over 150 pairs) consists primarily of...
Nutritional restriction and acid-base balance in white-tailed deer
G. D. DelGiudice, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal
1994, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (30) 247-253
We examined the effect of progressive nutritional restriction on acid-base balance in seven captive, adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 4 February to 5 May 1988 in north central Minnesota (USA). Metabolic acidosis was indicated by low mean blood pH (7.25 to 7.33)...
Bone layers associated with ecdysis in laboratory-reared Boiga irregularis (Colubridae)
E.P. Collins, G.H. Rodda
1994, Journal of Herpetology (28) 378-381
No abstract available....
