Chemical analyses of Red Sea sediments
Frank T. Manheim, David E. Siems
1974, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (23) 923-938
One of the prime motives for exploring the deeper subsurface sediments of the Red Sea floor was to gain information on the geochemical systems controlling the hot brine-metalliferous deposits. Accordingly, a strong effort was made to provide both shipboard and laboratory means of analysis of the recovered phases. Shipboard spectrographic...
Red Sea geochemistry
Frank T. Manheim
1974, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (23) 975-998
The Red Sea drillings reveal a number of new facets of the hot-brine-metalliferous system and other geochemical aspects of the sea, its sediments, and its past history as follows: 1) Dark shales rich in organic material, and containing enhanced Mo and V concentrations, are characteristic of Plio-Pleistocene strata in the...
Distribution and occurrence of rare earths in the thorium veins on Hall Mountain, Idaho
Mortimer H. Staatz, Van E. Shaw, James S. Wahlberg
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 677-683
Rare earths, although equal to or more abundant than thorium in many thorium veins, are much less abundant than thorium in the veins on Hall Mountain, Idaho. Total rare-earth content of these veins ranges from 0.00111 to 0.197 percent in 12 samples from 10 veins; the thoria (ThO2 ) content,...
Chemical weathering of serpentinite in the eastern Piedmont of Maryland
E.T. Cleaves, D. W. Fisher, O.P. Bricker
1974, Geological Society of America Bulletin (85) 437-444
Weathering processes in a small watershed (Soldiers Delight) underlain by Serpentinite in the Piedmont of Maryland were studied by means of a mass balance technique and were compared with the processes operative in a watershed uncertain by schist. The two terranes are downwasting at a rate of 2.4 m per...
Lunar basin formation and highland stratigraphy
Keith A. Howard, D.E. Wilhelms, D. H. Scott
1974, Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics (12) 309-327
Multiring impact basins, formed after solidification of the lunar crust, account for most or all premare regional deposits and structures expressed in the lunar landscape and for major topographic and gravity variations. A fresh basin has two or more concentric mountain rings, a lineated ejecta blanket, and secondary impact craters....
Radioactive waste storage in the arid zone
Isaac J. Winograd
1974, Eos Science News (55) 884-894
By the turn of the century, nuclear power may generate more than one-half of the electric energy, and about one-third of the total energy consumed in the United States [Thompson, 1971; Chapman et al., 1972]. By 2020, the total quantity of high-level radioactive wastes (HLW) generated as a byproduct of nuclear...
Correlation of uppermost Precambrian and lower Cambrian strata from southern to east-central Nevada
John H. Stewart
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 609-618
Study of exposed uppermost Precambrian and Lower Cambrian strata in southern and east-central Nevada and intervening areas indicates that the Johnnie Formation of southern Nevada and the McCoy Creek Group (restricted) are correlative. In detail, the uppermost units of both sequences, the Rainstorm Member of the Johnnie Formation and the...
A discussion of sources and description of the Earth's magnetic field and its secular variations
Leroy Romney Alldredge, Charles O. Stearns
1974, Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity (26) 393-404
The problem of collecting data for making geomagnetic charts including secular change is reviewed. Satellite data gives excellent coverage, but the satellite total field intensity data is not sufficient to properly define the field components. In constructing charts, the specific time and space filtering that is used should be specified...
Structure of the continental margin of Liberia, West Africa
John C. Behrendt, John Schlee, James M. Robb, M. Katherine Silverstein
1974, GSA Bulletin (85) 1143-1158
Geophysical surveys made by R/V Unitedgeo I (USGS–IDOE Cruise Leg 5), combined with earlier surveys and available geologic information, provide the basis for interpreting the structure of the continental margin of Liberia. This area lies at the junction of the Americas and Africa in published reconstructions of Gondwanaland prior to the opening...
Investigation of diffusion in open-channel flows
Thomas N. Keefer, Raul S. McQuivey
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 501-509
This investigation examines the interrelation between turbulent diffusion, dispersion, and the statistical properties of turbulence in an open-channel flow. The results of the study substantiate Philip's concept relating the ratio of Eulerian to estimated Lagrangian time scales and the reciprocal of the longitudinal intensity of turbulence. The relation may be...
Activity-product constants of aragonite at 90° and 51°C
R. M. Siebert, P. B. Hostetler, C. L. Christ
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 447-455
The activity-product constants of aragonite, KA=[Ca2+][CO32-] (where the brackets denote activities), were determined experimentally at 90°C and at 51°C. Results at 90°C were obtained from four separate dolomite dissolution runs, in which aragonite precipitated and came to equilibrium with the aqueous phase (from the direction of. supersaturation), and from two...
Plasma enzyme activities in coturnix quail fed graded doses of DDE, polychlorinated biphenyl, malathion, and mercuric chloride
M. P. Dieter
1974, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (27) 86-98
Male Coturnix quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were fed diets for 12 weeks containing graded levels of DDE, polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254), malathion, and mercuric chloride. Birds were bled prior to exposure and at 2, 4 and 12 weeks, and the plasma used to measure the activities of creatine kinase, aspartate...
Estimating the “thickness” of the Boulder Batholith, Montana, from heat-flow and heat-productivity data
Robert I. Tilling
1974, Geology (2) 457-460
Estimates of minimum thickness of the Boulder batholith, computed using the linear relation between heat flow and heat productivity and assuming constant heat productivity with depth, are highly nonspecific. They can vary between about 3 and 20 km, depending on values of surface-rock heat productivity and values of assumed contribution...
Channel changes
William W. Emmett
1974, Geology (2) 271-272
Environmental impacts may alter the quantities of water and sediment carried in a stream and thus may increase or diminish naturally occurring rates of channel changes and the pre-impact frequency of flows. Repetitive cross-channel surveys to determine changes in channel size or location are a measure of the response of...
Selected chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom material from streams tributary to San Francisco Bay
LeRoy M. Law, Donald F. Goerlitz
1974, Pesticides Monitoring Journal (8) 33-36
As part of a study of the environmental quality of San Francisco Bay, bottom material from 26 streams tributary to the Bay were analyzed for chlordane, DDD, DDE, DDT, and PCB residues. These compounds were present in essentially all streams tested. Chlordane proved to be ubiquitous, with a concentration range...
A prototype global volcano surveillance system monitoring seismic activity and tilt
E.T. Endo, P.L. Ward, D.H. Harlow, R. V. Allen, J. P. Eaton
1974, Bulletin Volcanologique (38) 315-344
The Earth Resources Technology Satellite makes it feasible for the first time to monitor the level of activity at widely separated volcanoes and to relay these data almost instantancously to one central office. This capability opens a new era in volcanology where the hundreds of normally...
Alteration and fluid inclusion studies of the porphyry copper ore body at Bingham, Utah
W. J. Moore, J. Thomas Nash
1974, Economic Geology (69) 631-645
Distribution patterns for biotitic alteration, sericitic alteration, and distinctive fluid-inclusion types in igneous host rocks of the porphyry copper ore body at Bingham, Utah, have been determined by petrographic examination of about 300 samples. These patterns are related to differences in original rock composition, variations in physical-chemical conditions during periods...
Distribution of copper in biotite and biotite alteration products in intrusive rocks near two Arizona porphyry copper deposits
Norman G. Banks
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 195-211
Biotite and its alteration products (primarily chlorite) from igneous rocks around the Ray and Esperanza (Esperanza-Sierrita) porphyry copper deposits, Arizona, were analyzed for copper by electron microprobe. The copper occurs in amounts >90 p/m (limit of detection) in most of the chlorites analyzed, is concentrated at the optical and chemical...
Classification and new genera of noncystimorph colonial rugose corals from the Onesquethaw stage in New York and adjacent areas
William Albert Oliver Jr.
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 165-174
A. proposed classification is outlined for 39 species of colonial rugose corals in 10 genera belonging to the families Stauriidae, Craspcdophyllidae (including Cylindrophyllinae new subfamily and Craspedophyllinac), Disphyllidae?, and Zaphrentidae, from the Onesquethaw and lower Cazenovia Stages in New York and adjacent areas. These corals are described or redescribed in...
Lunar highlands volcanism implications from Luna 20 and Apollo 16
H. G. Wilshire, D.E. Wilhelms, K. A. Howard
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 1-6
Highlands materials sampled at the Apollo 16 and Luna 20 sites represent units of distinctive morphology that are widespread on the lunar nearside. Samples from the Apollo 16 site represent hilly and furrowed materials of the Descartes highlands and Cayley Formation. Materials were collected by Luna 20 from terrain resembling...
Diffusimetry (diffusion constant estimation) on sediment cores by resistivity probe
Frank T. Manheim, Lee S. Waterman
1974, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (22) 663-670
Measurement of formation factor (ratio of rock resistivity to interstitial water resistivity) from sediment cores provides an indirect measurment of the tortuosity of the fluid channels in the sediments. From these measurements one can estimate the diffusion coefficient of the sediment with depth. The F (formation factor) values for Indian...
Prehnite- and pumpellyite-bearing mineral assemblages, west side of the Appalachian metamorphic belt, Pennsylvania to Newfoundland
E-an Zen
1974, Journal of Petrology (15) 197-242
Prehnite- and/or pumpellyite-bearing meta-igneous rocks are found on the west side of the Appalachian metamorphic belt (1) near Jonestown, south-eastern Pennsylvania; (2) on Rensselaer Plateau, eastern New York; (3) near Quebec City, Quebec; and (4) at Little Port, Humber Arm, western Newfoundland. The assemblages critical to determining the conditions...
Feeding ecology of pintail hens during reproduction
Gary L. Krapu
1974, The Auk (91) 278-290
Food supply has been acknowledged as one of eight major external factors regulating the sexual cycles of birds (Marshall 1961). Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain the role of food supply as an ultimate factor regulating breeding (Marshall 1951; Lack 1954, 1968; Wynne-Edwards 1962; and others). Another potential influence...
Computer systems for automatic earthquake detection
S.W. Stewart
1974, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (6) 17-21
U.S Geological Survey seismologists in Menlo park, California, are utilizing the speed, reliability, and efficiency of minicomputers to monitor seismograph stations and to automatically detect earthquakes. An earthquake detection computer system, believed to be the only one of its kind in operation, automatically reports about 90 percent of all local...
Scientists probe Earth’s secrets at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
J. D. Unger
1974, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (6) 3-11
The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) sits on the edge of Kilauea Caldera at the summit of Kilauea Volcao, one of the five volcanoes on the island of Hawaii, the largest island in the Hawaiian Islands chain. Of the five, only Kilauea and Mauna Loa have been active in the past...
