Limnology and fish ecology of sockeye salmon nursery lakes of the world
Wilbur L. Hartman, R.L. Burgner
1972, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (29) 699-715
Many important, recently glaciated oligotrophic lakes that lie in coastal regions around the northern rim of the Pacific Ocean produce anadromous populations of sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka. This paper describes the limnology and fish ecology of two such lakes in British Columbia, five in Alaska, and one in Kamchatka. Then...
Program design for San Francisco Bay Region environment and resources planning study
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1971, Open-File Report 1640
The "Program Design" for the San Francisco Bay Region Environment and Resources Planning Study represents a refinement, elaboration, and extension of the plans which formed the basis for the cooperative program between the Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Research...
Primary distribution of silver and copper in native gold from six deposits in the Western United States
G. A. Desborough, Robert H. Heidel, W. H. Raymond, J. Tripp
1971, Mineralium Deposita (6) 321-334
Electron-microprobe analyses and mineragraphic studies of native gold demonstrate considerable variations in the primary intergrain and intragrain distribution of silver. The gold grains have from 1–55 weight percent silver; copper is present in grains from only one locality and ranges from 0.1–0.6 weight percent. Some gold...
Effects of irrigation on streamflow in the Central Sand Plain of Wisconsin
E.P. Weeks, H.G. Stangland
1971, Open-File Report 70-362
Development of ground water for irrigation affects streamflow and water levels in the sand-plain area of central Wisconsin. Additional irrigation development may reduce opportunities for water-based recreation by degrading the streams as trout habitat and by lowering lake levels. This study was made to inventory present development of irrigation in...
Interstitial water studies on small core samples, deep sea drilling Project, leg 7
F.L. Sayles, Frank T. Manheim
1971, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (7) 871-881
The sediments cored on Leg 7 are predominantly deep sea biogenic oozes and chalks; only rarely were significant quantities of pelagic clays and volcanic detritus encountered. The biogenic sections include both siliceous and calcareous deposits. At three sites the drilling terminated in basalt, one of which (Site 62) is interpreted...
Origin of the differentiated and hybrid lavas of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Thomas L. Wright, Richard S. Fiske
1971, Journal of Petrology (12) 1-65
Kilauea Volcano has erupted lava from its summit caldera and from two rift zones that extend from the summit towards the east and south-west. Lavas erupted from the summit of the volcano differ from each other principally in their content of olivine and define lines of ‘olivine control’ on magnesia...
Status of engineering geologic and environmental geologic mapping in the United States
Dorothy H. Radbruch
1971, Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology (4) 4-14
1. Engineering geologic maps in the United States may be one map prepared as part of a larger study of environmental geology, individual areal geologic maps containing additional engineering geologic data, or engineering geologic maps of single construction sites.2. No systematic methodology for engineering geologic or environmental geologic maps has...
Third International Seminar for Hydrology Professors
Lynn M. Shown
1971, Eos Science News (52) 723-723
The Third International Seminar for Hydrology Professors was held at Purdue University in Lafayette, Indiana. There were 72 U.S. participants from 25 States and 19 participants from 15 other countries as follows: three from Canada; two each from Costa...
The problem of groundwater discharge into the seas
B.I. Kudelin, I.S. Zekster, A.V. Meskheteli, S.A. Brusilovsky, F.W. Trainer
1971, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (52) 717-722
Introductory Note: The dynamic equilibrium of the various factors involved in the world water balance or budget is the central scientific problem of the International Hydrological Decade. One of the potentially vital elements of the balance is groundwater discharge to the oceans. To paraphrase the authors of the following Russian...
Investigation of magnetization and density of a north Atlantic seamount using Poisson's theorem
Lindrith Cordell, Patrick Taylor
1971, Geophysics (36) 919-937
The relationship between the gravitational and magnetic potentials caused by a uniform distribution of mass and magnetization may be used to obtain independent information about these physical properties. The general relationship in the frequency domain between the Fourier transforms of the gravity and magnetic anomaly...
Ground water in the Aden sector of Southern Arabia
D.J. Cedarstrom
1971, Ground Water (9) 29-34
A reconnaissance of parts of the former West Aden Protectorate enables a characterization of the dominant hydrologic elements to be made. In this desert environment intermittent streams from the east‐west range of mountains provide considerable water for flood irrigation and groundwater recharge of alluvial fans along the Gulf of Aden....
Lunar Apennine-Hadley region: Geological implications of earth-based radar and infrared measurements
S.H. Zisk, M. H. Carr, H. Masursky, R.W. Shorthill, T.W. Thompson
1971, Science (173) 808-812
Recently completed high-resolution radar maps of the moon contain information on the decimeter-scale structure of the surface. When this information is combined with eclipse thermal-enhancement data and with high-resolution Lunar Orbiter photography, the surface morphology is revealed in some detail. A geological history for certain features and...
A lower paleozoic paleoaquifer; the Kingsport Formation and Mascot dolomite of Tennessee and southwest Virginia
Leonard D. Harris
1971, Economic Geology (66) 735-743
The Kingsport Formation (Lower Ordovician) in one section may be composed of two dominant rock types--limestone and medium to coarsely crystalline dolomite--whereas in an adjacent section, most of the formation may be largely composed of breccia. The breccia bodies, which are interpreted to be solution-collapse features, range in width from...
A geochemical hypothesis for dolomitization by ground water
B.B. Hanshaw, W. Back, R.G. Deike
1971, Economic Geology (66) 710-724
Most modern disordered dolomite has been found in dynamic environments. However, solutions associated with modern dolomite formation do not have a common Mg/Ca ratio; the ratio ranges from about 3 to 100. Ground-water circulation may have a significant role in formation of regional dolomites; one of the primary requirements for...
Fluid-inclusion evidence on the environment of formation of mineral deposits of the southern Appalachian valley
Edwin Roedder
1971, Economic Geology (66) 777-791
Approximately 1,330 fluid inclusions were studied in samples of ore and gangue minerals from both massive ore and late-stage vugs from a series of Appalachian deposits and five active mines in the East Tennessee zinc districts. Most primary inclusions in sphalerite, fluorite, dolomite, and quartz...
Boulder Creek batholith, Colorado part II: Isotopic age of emplacement and morphology of zircon
Thomas W. Stern, George Phair, Marcia F. Newell
1971, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America (82) 1615-1633
Zircon separated from six rocks whose compositions spanned the range of differentiation in the Boulder Creek batholith yielded a “discordia” age of emplacement of 1725 m.y., close to the average PB207/Pb206 age 1720 m.y.) and indicating that the constituent rocks are cogenetic within approximately ± 20 m.y. Statistical studies show that...
An aeromagnetic and aeroradioactivity survey of Liberia, West Africa
John C. Behrendt, Cletus S. Wotorson
1971, Geophysics (36) 590-604
A 140,000 km aeromagnetic and total-count gamma radiometric survey was made over Liberia in 1967-68 along north-south lines spaced 0.8 km over land and 4 km over the continental shelf. The data approximately delineate the boundary between the Liberian (ca. 2700 m.y.) age province in...
Structure and petrology of the alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain, California, U.S.A.
R. A. Loney, G. R. Himmelberg, R. G. Coleman
1971, Economic Geology (12) 245-309
The alpine-type peridotite at Burro Mountain is a partially serpentinized harzburgite-dunite body approximately 2 km in diameter. It lies in a chaotic mélange derived from the Franciscan Formation (Upper Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous) of the southern Coast Ranges of California. The peridotite is bounded on the east by a vertical fault...
Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis
Richard J. Pike, Stephen E. Wilson
1971, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America (82) 1079-1083
Mathematical proof establishes identity of hypsometric integral and elevation-relief ratio, two quantitative topographic descriptors developed independently of one another for entirely different purposes. Operationally, values of both measures are in excellent agreement for arbitrarily bounded topographic samples, as well as for low-order fluvial watersheds. By...
Basin and range structure: A system of horsts and grabens produced by deep-seated extension
John H. Stewart
1971, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America (82) 1019-1043
Basin and Range structure can be interpreted as a system of horsts and grabens produced by the fragmentation of a crustal slab above a plastically extending substratum. According to this view, the extension...
Isotope fractionation during gas chromatographic separations
B. D. Gunter, Jim D. Gleason
1971, Journal of Chromatographic Science (9) 191-192
Physical interaction between the sample and stationary phase during GC separations may result in severe isotopic fractionation of the effluent, making it essential to collect it totally in order to obtain quantitative results. When carbon dioxide was eluted through a Porapak column the front portions of the elution peak...
Coronadite — Modes of occurrence and origin
D. F. Hewett
1971, Economic Geology (66) 164-177
The lead manganate, "coronadite," was first recognized at the Coronado mine in the Morenci district, Arizona, by Lindgren in 1903. Several years later, the identity of the mineral was questioned and it was not until 1932 that Orcel recognized it in material from Morocco. Since...
Sulfur isotope study of the "B" limestone and Galena fissure ore deposits of the U.S. mine, Bingham mining district, Utah
Cyrus W. Field, William J. Moore
1971, Economic Geology (66) 48-62
The delta S 34 values for 261 sulfide concentrates from the "B" limestone replacement and Galena fissure deposits of the U. S. mine range from +3.8 to --8.0 permil; the mean is +0.56 permil. The data indicate that (1) sulfides of the "B" limestone ore deposits are...
Application of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon
Winchell Smith
1971, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (7) 69-78
The need for accurate, independent records of flow on the Columbia River at The Dalles, Oregon, has been met by the installation of an acoustic streamflow-measuring system. This device provides an index of the velocity of flow by...
Geological provinces of the near side of the moon
J.F. McCauley, D.E. Wilhelms
1971, Icarus (15) 363-367
Systematic geologic mapping of the near side of the Moon has provided the basis for defining and delineating the major geological provinces of the near side. From the nature of the provinces and their distribution patterns a general historical sequence evolves. Five main...
