Accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive American kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards
Rey C. Stendell, W. Nelson Beyer, Robert A. Stehn
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 388-391
Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) were collected from pesticide-treated orchards in New York and fed to 3 captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) for 60 days to evaluate potential hazards from soil-borne persistent insecticides. Three control kestrels were fed uncontaminated laboratory mice (Mus musculus). The pine voles...
Selenium accumulation by raccoons exposed to irrigation drainwater at Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge, California, 1986
Donald R. Clark Jr., P. A. Ogasawara, Gregory J. Smith, Harry M. Ohlendorf
1989, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (18) 787-794
In February–March 1986, eight raccoons (Procyon lotor) were collected at Kesterson Reservoir (Merced Co., California), which had received selenium-contaminated irrigation drainwater, and four raccoons were collected at the nearby Volta Wildlife Area, which had not. Selenium concentrations in Kesterson raccoons averaged 19.9 ppm (μg/g dry wt) in liver, 28.3 ppm...
Breeding biology and habitat use of black ducks
R. Owen, J. Longcore, J. Ringelman, K. Reinecke, K. Hendrix
1989, Maine Agricultural Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication (336) 261 (abs)
Forested wetlands are Important habitats for black ducks nesting in the Northeast. Invertebrates, with their high protein content, are primary foods of females during egg laying and for rapidly growing ducklings. Beaver-created and modified wetlands provide excellent habitat for feeding as well as protective cover. As these wetlands age, their...
Growth and morphometrics of the box turtle, Terrapene c. carolina
L.F. Stickel, C.M. Bunck
1989, Journal of Herpetology (23) 216-223
Growth of box turtles in a bottomland forest in Maryland was studied over a period of years (1944-1981). A bivariate analysis of age related growth showed that between 8 and 13 yr, male turtles grew at an average rate of 6.7% per year in carapace length, whereas females grew...
The eighty-ninth Christmas bird count. Georgia, Florida
P.W. Sykes Jr.
1989, American Birds (43) 580-582
First record of the little tern, Sterna albifrons, from Hawaii
Roger B. Clapp
1989, 'Elepaio (49) 41-46
No abstract available....
Field-testing of commercially-manufactured capture collars on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
L.D. Mech, K. Kunkel, R. Chapman, T.J. Kreeger
1989, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings (1989) 206 (Abstr
Analysis of trifluralin, methyl paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenvalerate and 2,4-D dimethylamine in pond water using solid-phase extraction
D. M. Swineford, A. A. Belisle
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 465-468
A method was developed for the simultaneous extraction of trifluralin, methyl paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenvalerate, and 2,4-D dimethylamine salt in pond water using a solid-phase C18 column. After elution from the C18 column, the eluate was analyzed on a capillary gas Chromatograph equipped with an electron-capture or flame photometric detector....
Home range behavior among box turtles (Terrapene c. carolina) of a bottomland forest in Maryland
L.F. Stickel
1989, Journal of Herpetology (23) 40-44
Eastern box turtles (Terrapene c. carolina) in a Maryland bottomland forest were studied over a period of years (1944-1981). Home ranges of 51 males averaged 146 + SD 48 m long and 105 + SD 38 m wide; ranges of 52 females averaged 144 + SD 52 m long...
Rise and fall of endrin usage in Washington state fruit orchards: Effects on wildlife
L. J. Blus, Charles J. Henny, R. A. Grove
1989, Environmental Pollution (60) 331-349
A study of the effects of endrin on wildlife was conducted from 1981 to 1983 in fruit orchards in central Washington State. The single post-harvest application of endrin as a rodenticide resulted in both acute and chronic toxicity to a variety of...
Long-term persistence of dieldrin, DDT, and heptachlor epoxide in earthworms
W. N. Beyer, A. J. Krynitsky
1989, Ambio (18) 271-273
Earthworms can accumulate persistent soilborne insecticides and are an important source of contamination of terrestrail wildlife. We treated experimental plots once with dieldrin, DDT, or heptachlor, and measured changes in insecticide concentrations in earthworms over a 20-year period. We estimated 'half-times,' defined as the time for a concentration...
Lead poisoning and other mortality factors in trumpeter swans
L. J. Blus, R. K. Stroud, B. Reiswig, T. McEneaney
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 263-271
Lead poisoning and other causes of mortality of trumpeter swans were investigated. Necropsies or Pb concentrations in livers were available for 72 trumpeter swans found dead in seven western states from 1976 to 1987; data from other published and unpublished sources also are summarized. Ingestion of lead artifacts accounted for...
A specimen record of the fork-tailed swift from the Marshall Islands
R. B. Clapp
1989, 'Elepaio (49) 1-2
No abstract available....
Evaluation of the toxicity of marine sediments and dredge spoils with the MicrotoxR bioassay
G.T. Ankley, R.A. Hoke, J. P. Giesy, P. V. Winger
1989, Chemosphere (18) 2069-2075
The MicrotoxR bioassay was used to evaluate the toxicity of sediment and dredge spoil elutriates from several potentially-contaminated sites in Mobile and Pascagoula Bays. Elutriates were prepared using either local seawater or distilled deionized water (osmotically adjusted with NaCl prior to testing), and MicrotoxR assays were performed with the...
An old record of the pearly-breasted cuckoo in North America and a nomenclature critique
R.C. Banks
1989, Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club (108) 87-91
Polygyny in a wild wolf pack
L.D. Mech, M.E. Nelson
1989, Journal of Mammalogy (70) 675-676
This is the first recorded case of a single free-ranging male wolf breeding two females. The male settled with one at a den. Both females produced pups, and there is some evidence that the pups survived their first winter despite the male's being killed in summer....
Evaluation and experimentation with duck management strategies
J.D. Nichols, Fred A. Johnson
1989, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (54) 566-593
Our knowledge of the effects of hunting regulations on duck populations has been based largely on retrospective studies of historical data. We have reached the limits of what can be learned in this way. Future knowledge gains will likely come about only through experimentation and adaptive management....
Testing for differences among survival or recovery rates using program CONTRAST
J.R. Sauer, J.E. Hines
1989, Wildlife Society Bulletin (17) 549-550
A computer program was developed to implement the methods described by Sauer and Williams for multiple comparisons of survival or recovery rates...
Solar radio-transmitters on snail kites in Florida
N.F.R. Snyder, S. R. Beissinger, M.R. Fuller
1989, Journal of Field Ornithology (60) 171-177
The effectiveness and safety of one- and two-stage solar radio-transmitters in tracking the movements and survival of adult and fledgling Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis) were evaluated between 1979 and 1983 in southern Florida. Transmitters were attached to birds with back-pack arrangements using teflon ribbon straps. Accessory plastic shields minimized feather...
Population ecology and harvest of the American black duck: a review
D. H. Rusch, C.D. Ankney, H. Boyd, J. R. Longcore, Frank Montalbano III, J.K. Ringelman, Vernon D. Stotts
1989, Wildlife Society Bulletin (17) 379-406
1. The purpose of our review was to examine available data on population trends and current status of black ducks and trends in natality and survival and to relate these, where possible, to changes in habitat, predation, disease, contaminants, harvest, and hybridization with mallards. 2. The number of black...
Behaviour of captive canvasbacks Aythya valisineria fed different diets during winter
Matthew C. Perry, B. Kenneth Williams, H.H. Obrecht III
1989, Wildfowl (40) 80-87
Time activity budget studies were conducted on captive Canvasbacks manintained on ad libitum diets with varying levels of protein and energy during the winter of 1978-79 and 1979-80. No differences could be detected in the behaviour of the ducks as a result of the diets they received. Differences...
The Animal Welfare Act and the zoo: A positive approach
Glenn H. Olsen
1989, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (20) 135-137
Interpretations of the Animal Welfare Act and other regulations governing use of research animals in the United States are changing. Recent amendments to the Act have resulted in the inclusion of more species under the umbrella of regulation. The role of the zoo and wildlife veterinarian should be...
Pulmonary lesions in disseminated visceral coccidiosis of sandhill and whooping cranes
M.N. Novilla, J. W. Carpenter, T.K. Jeffers, S.L. White
1989, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (25) 527-533
Fifty cranes, consisting of 46 sandhill (Grus canadensis) and four whooping cranes (Grus americana), were studied. Eighteen sandhill cranes and the four whooping cranes were naturally infected with disseminated visceral coccidiosis (DVC). The remaining sandhill cranes were chicks experimentally infected with oocysts of Eimeria reichenowi and/or E. gruis; five chicks...
Use of mixed-function oxygenases to monitor contaminant exposure in wildlife
Barnett A. Rattner, D. J. Hoffman, C. M. Marn
1989, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (8) 1093-1102
This overview examines the utility of mixed-function oxygenase (MFO) enzymes as a bioeffects monitor for wildlife (amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) in view of their widespread use as indicators of contaminant exposure in aquatic invertebrates and fish. Phylogenetic trends in MFO activity, toxicological implications of induction and the relationship...
Population declines in North American birds that migrate to the neotropics
C.S. Robbins, J.R. Sauer, R.S. Greenberg, Sam Droege
1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (86) 7658-7662
Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we determined that most neotropical migrant bird species that breed in forests of the eastern United States and Canada have recently (1978-1987) declined in abundance after a period of stable or increasing populations. Most permanent residents and temperate-zone migrants did...
