Bacterial ethane formation from reduced, ethylated sulfur compounds in anoxic sediments
R.S. Oremland, Michael J. Whiticar, F.E. Strohmaier, R.P. Kiene
1988, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (52) 1895-1904
Trace levels of ethane were produced biologically in anoxic sediment slurries from five chemically different aquatic environments. Gases from these locations displayed biogenic characteristics, having 12C-enriched values of δ13CH4 (−62 to −86%.), δ13C2H6 (−35 to −55%.) and high ratios (720 to 140,000) of CH4[C2H6+ C3H8]">CH4[C2H6+ C3H8]. Endogenous...
Hydrothermal alteration patterns in the Breitenbush Hot Springs area, Cascade Range, Oregon
Terry E.C. Keith
1988, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Rocks of early Miocene age in the Breitenbush Hot Springs area have been affected by at least two major episodes of hydrothermal alteration, one of which had temperatures in excess of 200??C. Alteration minerals in younger Tertiary rocks are characteristic of temperatures below 100??C. The most important factor in controlling...
Tectonic evolution of Gorda Ridge inferred from sidescan sonar images
D.G. Masson, D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake
1988, Marine Geophysical Research (10) 191-204
Gorda Ridge is the southern segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, in the north-east Pacific. Along-strike spreading-rate variation on Gorda Ridge and deformation of Gorda Plate are evidence for compression between the Pacific and Gorda Plates. GLORIA sidescan sonographs allow the spreading fabric associated with Gorda Ridge to...
On-line estimation of nonlinear physical systems
G. Christakos
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 111-133
Recursive algorithms for estimating states of nonlinear physical systems are presented. Orthogonality properties are rediscovered and the associated polynomials are used to linearize state and observation models of the underlying random processes. This requires some key hypotheses regarding the structure of these processes, which may then take account of a...
Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye
D. Y. Tai, R. E. Rathbun
1988, Chemosphere (17) 559-573
Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye under natural sunlight conditions was determined by measuring the loss of fluorescence as a function of time. Rate coefficients at 30° north latitude ranged from 4.77 × 10−2 day−1 for summer to 3.16 × 10−2 day−2 for winter. Experimental coefficients were in good agreement with values calculated using a laboratory-determined...
Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of Central Chile
W. Hildreth, S. Moorbath
1988, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (98) 455-489
Fifteen andesite-dacite stratovolcanoes on the volcanic front of a single segment of the Andean arc show along-arc changes in isotopic and elemental ratios that demonstrate large crustal contributions to magma genesis. All 15 centers lie 90 km above the Benioff zone and 280??20 km from the trench axis. Rate and...
Detailed record of SO2 emissions from Pu'u `O`o between episodes 33 and 34 of the 1983-86 ERZ eruption, Kilauea, Hawaii
T.A. Chartier, William I. Rose Jr., J. B. Stokes
1988, Bulletin of Volcanology (50) 215-228
A tripod-mounted correlation spectrometer was used to measure SO2 emissions from Pu`u `O`o vent, mid-ERZ, Kilauea, Hawaii between Episodes 33 and 34 (June 13 to July 6, 1985). In 24 repose days, 906 measurements were collected, averaging 38 determinations/day. Measurements reflect 13% of the total 576 hours of the repose...
K-Ar chronology of the Luohe iron district, Anhui Province, China
E.H. McKee
1988, Economic Geology (83) 433-435
No abstract available....
Oxygen isotope variations in granulite-grade iron formations: constraints on oxygen diffusion and retrograde isotopic exchange
Z.D. Sharp, J. R. O’Neil, E.J. Essene
1988, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (98) 490-501
The oxygen isotope ratios of various minerals were measured in a granulite-grade iron formation in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Estimates of temperature and pressure for the terrane using well calibrated geothermometers and geobarometers are 730??50?? C and 5.5??0.5 kbar. The mineral constraints on fluid compositions in the iron formation...
The solubility of noble gases in crude oil at 25-100°C
Yousif K. Kharaka, Daniel J. Specht
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 137-144
The solubility of the noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe was measured in two typical crude oils at temperatures of 25–100°C. The oil samples were obtained from the Elk Hills oil field located in southern San Joaquin Valley, California. The experimental procedure consisted of placing a known amount...
[Book review] Audubon Wildlife Report 1987, edited by Roger L. Di Silvestro
C. Schonewald-Cox
1988, Conservation Biology (2) 406-407
Review of: Audubon Wildlife Report 1987. Edited by Roger L. Di Silvestro. Summer 1987, 690 pp., $39.95, ISBN: 0.12.04100.1....
Intermediate-scale vegetation mapping of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data
Stephen S. Talbot, Carl J. Markon
1988, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (54) 377-383
A Landsat-derived vegetation map was prepared for lnnoko National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge lies within the northern boreal subzone of northwestern central Alaska. Six major vegetation classes and 21 subclasses were recognized: forest (closed needleleaf, open needleleaf, needleleaf woodland, mixed, and broadleaf); broadleaf scrub (lowland, upland burn regeneration, subalpine); dwarf...
Groundwater flow and transport modeling
Leonard F. Konikow, J.W. Mercer
1988, Journal of Hydrology (100) 379-409
Deterministic, distributed-parameter, numerical simulation models for analyzing groundwater flow and transport problems have come to be used almost routinely during the past decade. A review of the theoretical basis and practical use of groundwater flow and solute transport models is used to illustrate...
Petrology of ultramafic xenoliths from Loihi Seamount, Hawaii
D.A. Clague
1988, Journal of Petrology (29) 1161-1186
Ultramafic xenoliths were recovered in four alkalic lava flows from Loihi Seamount at depths between 2200 and 1400m. No xenolith bearing flows were sampled near the summit despite a concentrated dredge program. The flows, three of alkalic basalt and one of basanite, contain common olivine megacrysts and small xenoliths...
Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report July 1987- September 1987
K. A. Converse, R. Windingstad, J. C. Franson, T. Roffe
1988, Wildlife Disease Newsletter (24)
No abstract available....
Differences in visible and near-IR responses, and derived vegetation indices, for the NOAA-9 and NOAA-10 AVHRRs: a case study
Kevin P. Gallo, Jeffery C. Eidenshink
1988, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (54) 485-490
This study evaluates the differences in the visible and near-IR responses of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-9 and -10 satellites for coincident sample locations. The study also evaluates the differences in vegetation indices computed from those data. Data were acquired...
Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report October 1987- December 1987, January 1988- March 1988
K. A. Converse, R. Windingstad, Karen Roertgen, T. Roffe
1988, Wildlife Disease Newsletter (24)
No abstract available....
Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report April 1988- June 1988
K. A. Converse, J. C. Franson, R. Windingstad
1988, Wildlife Disease Newsletter (24)
No abstract available....
Dichlorobenzene in ground water: Evidence for long-term persistence
Larry B. Barber
1988, Ground Water (26) 696-732
Hydrologic and geochemical evidence were used to establish the long-term persistence of dichlorobenzene in ground water that has been contaminated from 50 years of rapid-infiltration sewage disposal. An extensive plume of dichlorobenzene extends more than 3,500 meters downgradient from the disposal beds, with concentrations of the combined isomers ranging from...
Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information-system analysis
Susan K. Jenson, Julia O. Domingue
1988, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (54) 1593-1600
Software tools have been developed at the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center to extract topographic structure and to delineate watersheds and overland flow paths from digital elevation models. The tools are specialpurpose FORTRAN programs interfaced with general-purpose raster and vector spatial analysis and relational data base management packages. The first...
Upper mantle electrical conductivity for seven subcontinental regions of the Earth
W.H. Campbell, E.R. Schiffmacher
1988, Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity (40) 1387-1406
Spherical harmonic analysis coefficients of the external and internal parts of the quiet-day geomagnetic field variations (Sq) separated for the seven continental regions of the observatories have been used to determine conductivity profiles to depths of about 600km by the Schmucker equivalent substitute conductor method. The profiles give...
Origin and influence of coal mine drainage on streams of the United States
J. D. Powell
1988, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (11) 141-152
Degradation of water quality related to oxidation of iron disulfide minerals associated with coal is a naturally occurring process that has been observed since the late seventeenth century, many years before commencement of commercial coal mining in the United States. Disturbing coal strata during mining operations accelerates this natural deterioration...
Methane hydrate - A major reservoir of carbon in the shallow geosphere?
K.A. Kvenvolden
1988, Chemical Geology (71) 41-51
Methane hydrates are solids composed of rigid cages of water molecules that enclose methane. Sediment containing methane hydrates is found within specific pressure-temperature conditions that occur in regions of permafrost and beneath the sea in outer continental margins. Because methane hydrates are globally widespread and concentrate methane within the gas-hydrate...
Distribution of selenium in soils of agricultural fields, western San Joaquin Valley, California
Roger Fujii, S. J. Deverel, D. B. Hatfield
1988, Soil Science Society of America Journal (52) 1274-1283
Soils from three agricultural fields in the Panoche Creek alluvial fan area in the western San Joaquin Valley, California, were analyzed for soluble, adsorbed, and total concentrations of selenium (Se) to assess the distribution and forms of Se in relation to the leaching of Se from soils. This assessment is...
A note on the recent natural gradient tracer test at the Borden Site
R.L. Naff, T.-C. Jim Yeh, M.W. Kemblowski
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 2099-2103
The variance in particle position, a measure of dispersion, is reviewed in the context of certain models of flow in random porous media. Asymptotic results for a highly stratified medium and an isotropic medium are particularly highlighted. Results of the natural gradient tracer test at the Borden site are reviewed...
