The phytoplankton component of seston in San Francisco Bay
S.M. Wienke, J. E. Cloern
1987, Netherlands Journal of Sea Research (21) 25-33
Phytoplankton biomass (as carbon) was estimated from chlorophyll a concentrations (Chla) and a mean value for the ratio of phytoplankton carbon to chlorophyll a in San Francisco Bay. The ratio was determined as the slope of a Model II regression of POC' against (Chla), where POC' is total particulate organic carbon minus sediment-associated non-phytoplankton...
North American nonmarine climates and vegetation during the Late Cretaceous
J. A. Wolfe, G.R. Upchurch Jr.
1987, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (61) 33-77
Analyses of physiognomy of Late Cretaceous leaf assemblages and of structural adaptations of Late Cretaceous dicotyledonous woods indicate that megathermal vegetation was an open-canopy, broad-leaved evergreen woodland that existed under low to moderate amounts of rainfall evenly distributed through the year, with a moderate increase at about 40–45°N. Many dicotyledons...
Tectonic rotations south of the Bohemian Massif from palaeomagnetic directions of Permian red beds in Hungary
E. Marton, Donald P. Elston
1987, Tectonophysics (139) 43-51
Palaeomagnetic studies were carried out in Permian red beds of the Balaton Highlands, the Mecsek Mountains and the Bükk Mountains of Hungary. Statistically well defined directions were obtained from six localities in the Balaton Highlands and two localities in the Mecsek Mountains. No meaningful results were obtained from the Bükk...
Accretion of southern Alaska
John W. Hillhouse
1987, Tectonophysics (139) 107-122
Paleomagnetic data from southern Alaska indicate that the Wrangellia and Peninsular terranes collided with central Alaska probably by 65 Ma ago and certainly no later than 55 Ma ago. The accretion of these terranes to the mainland was followed by the arrival of the Ghost Rocks volcanic assemblage at the...
Spectral analysis of topography and gravity in the Basin and Range Province
Y. Ricard, C. Froidevaux, R. Simpson
1987, Tectonophysics (133) 175-187
A two-dimensional spectral analysis has been carried out for the topography and the Bouguer gravity anomaly of the Basin and Range Province in western North America. The aim was to investigate the possible presence of dominant wavelengths in the deformation pattern at the surface and at the depth of compensation....
Development of the Archean crust in the medina mountain area, Wind River Range, Wyoming (U.S.A.)
M.E. Koesterer, C.D. Frost, B.R. Frost, T.P. Hulsebosch, D. Bridgwater, R. G. Worl
1987, Precambrian Research (37) 287-304
Evidence for an extensive Archean crustal history in the Wind River Range is preserved in the Medina Mountain area in the west-central part of the range. The oldest rocks in the area are metasedimentary, mafic, and ultramafic blocks in a migmatite host. The supracrustal rocks of the Medina Mountain area...
Modelling aftershock migration and afterslip of the San Juan Bautista, California, earthquake of October 3, 1972
R. L. Wesson
1987, Tectonophysics (144) 215-229
The San Juan Bautista earthquake of October 3, 1972 (ML = 4.8), located along the San Andreas fault in central California, initiated an aftershock sequence characterized by a subtle, but perceptible, tendency for aftershocks to spread to the northwest and southeast along the fault zone. The apparent dimension of the aftershock...
Nucleation and triggering of earthquake slip: Effect of periodic stresses
James H. Dieterich
1987, Tectonophysics (144) 127-139
Results of stability analyses for spring and slider systems, with state variable constitutive properties, are applied to slip on embedded fault patches. Unstable slip may nucleate only if the slipping patch exceeds some minimum size. Subsequent to the onset of instability the earthquake slip may propagate well beyond the patch....
Fault failure with moderate earthquakes
M.J.S. Johnston, A. T. Linde, M. T. Gladwin, R. D. Borcherdt
1987, Tectonophysics (144) 189-206
High resolution strain and tilt recordings were made in the near-field of, and prior to, the May 1983 Coalinga earthquake (ML = 6.7, Δ = 51 km), the August 4, 1985, Kettleman Hills earthquake (ML = 5.5, Δ = 34 km), the April 1984 Morgan Hill earthquake (ML = 6.1, Δ = 55 km), the November 1984 Round Valley...
Errors in slope-area computations of peak discharges in mountain streams
R.D. Jarrett
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 53-67
During an evaluation of 70 slope-area measurements on higher-gradient streams (stream slopes greater than 0.002) throughout the United States, peak discharge measurements were found to be affected by n values, scour, expansion and contraction losses, viscosity, unsteady flow, number of cross sections, state of flow and stream slope. Problems due to measurement...
Use of historical information in a maximum-likelihood framework
T.A. Cohn, J.R. Stedinger
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 215-223
This paper discusses flood-quantile estimators which can employ historical and paleoflood information, both when the magnitudes of historical flood peaks are known, and when only threshold-exceedance information is available. Maximum likelihood, quasi-maximum likelihood and curve fitting methods for simultaneous estimation of 1, 2 and 3 unknown parameters are examined. The...
Origins of seawater intrusion in a coastal aquifer - A case study of the Pajaro Valley, California
L.D. Bond, J.D. Bredehoeft
1987, Journal of Hydrology (92) 363-388
Seawater may enter and contaminate stratified coastal aquifers through a number of different pathways. These pathways and their relative contribution are examined in the Pajaro Valley, California, a coastal area with extensive groundwater development. This study considers three pathways of possible intrusion of the primary confined aquifer: (1) onshore leakage...
Quantifying peak discharges for historical floods
J.L. Cook
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 29-40
It is usually advantageous to use information regarding historical floods, if available, to define the flood-frequency relation for a stream. Peak stages can sometimes be determined for outstanding floods that occurred many years ago before systematic gaging of streams began. In the United States, this information is usually not available...
Linear error analysis of slope-area discharge determinations
W.H. Kirby
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 125-138
The slope-area method can be used to calculate peak flood discharges when current-meter measurements are not possible. This calculation depends on several quantities, such as water-surface fall, that are subject to large measurement errors. Other critical quantities, such as Manning's n, are not even amenable to direct measurement but can only...
Regional regression of flood characteristics employing historical information
Gary D. Tasker, J.R. Stedinger
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 255-264
Streamflow gauging networks provide hydrologic information for use in estimating the parameters of regional regression models. The regional regression models can be used to estimate flood statistics, such as the 100 yr peak, at ungauged sites as functions of drainage basin characteristics. A recent innovation in regional regression is the...
Probability plotting position formulas for flood records with historical information
R.M. Hirsch
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 185-199
For purposes of evaluating fitted flood frequency distributions or for purposes of estimating distributions directly from plots of flood peaks versus exceedance probabilities (either by subjective or objective techniques), one needs a probability plotting position formula which can be applied to all of the flood data available: both systematic and...
Analysis of saltwater upconing beneath a pumping well
T. E. Reilly, A.S. Goodman
1987, Journal of Hydrology (89) 169-204
Aquifer systems that contain freshwater and saltwater are usually stratified, with the more dense saltwater underlying the freshwater. A groundwater well discharging from the freshwater zone causes the saltwater to move upwards towards the well. This phenomenon is known as saltwater upconing. Two methods of analysis, the sharp-interface method and...
A comparison of the largest rainfall-runoff floods in the United States with those of the People's Republic of China and the world
J. E. Costa
1987, Journal of Hydrology (96) 101-115
The maximum historic rainfall-runoff floods measured in the United States, the People's Republic of China and the world all plot close to a smooth curve of drainage area versus discharge. In the United States, the possibility that flood peaks were overestimated and the closeness of these peaks to the probable...
The local effects of groundwater pumpage within a fault-influenced groundwater basin, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A.
S. Rojstaczer
1987, Journal of Hydrology (91) 319-337
Large-scale groundwater pumpage and water-level decline data are used in a preliminary attempt to identify the hydraulic connection between several wells and Devils Hole, a small pond in Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A. Results indicate that despite the discontinuous nature of the local aquifers, many wells have good hydraulic connection with...
Book review: Elements of micropaleontology. Gerard Bignot. Graham and Trotman, London
Laurel M. Bybell
1987, Marine Micropaleontology (12) 105-106
No abstract available. ...
Microclimate and actual evapotranspiration in a humid coastal-plain environment
K.F. Dennehy, P.B. McMahon
1987, Journal of Hydrology (93) 295-312
Continuous hourly measurements of twelve meteorologic variables recorded during 1983 and 1984 were used to examine the microclimate and actual evapotranspiration at a low-level radioactive-waste burial site near Barnwell, South Carolina. The study area is in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of southwestern South Carolina. Monthly, daily, and hourly trends in...
Analysis of an anisotropic coastal aquifer system using variable-density flow and solute transport simulation
W. R. Souza, C.I. Voss
1987, Journal of Hydrology (92) 17-41
The groundwater system in southern Oahu, Hawaii consists of a thick, areally extensive freshwater lens overlying a zone of transition to a thick saltwater body. This system is analyzed in cross section with a variable-density groundwater flow and solute transport model on a regional scale. The simulation is difficult, because...
Hydraulics and basin morphometry of the largest flash floods in the conterminous United States
J. E. Costa
1987, Journal of Hydrology (93) 313-338
The maximum rainfall-runoff floods measured by indirect methods in small basins (0.39-370 km2) in the conterminous United States are examined. This analysis identified twelve floods that were the largest ever measured. These floods all occurred in semiarid to arid areas. For eleven of the twelve largest rainfall-runoff floods measured in...
The space transformation in the simulation of multidimensional random fields
G. Christakos
1987, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (29) 313-319
Space transformations are proposed as a mathematically meaningful and practically comprehensive approach to simulate multidimensional random fields. Within this context the turning bands method of simulation is reconsidered and improved in both the space and frequency domains. ...
Program overview and selected papers from the Toxic-Waste Program Technical Meeting: Tucson, Arizona, March 20-22, 1984
Stephen E. Ragone, Dennis J. Sulam
1987, Open-File Report 86-324
