Insight into the May 2015 summit inflation event at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
M. Bemelmans, Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen, Michael Poland, Ingrid A. Johanson
2021, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (415)
We use ground and space geodetic data to study surface deformation at Kīlauea Volcano from January to September 2015. This period includes an episode of heightened activity in April and May 2015 that culminated in a magmatic intrusion beneath the volcano's...
Predicted climate-induced reductions in scavenging in eastern North America
Courtney J. Marneweck, Todd E. Katzner, David S. Jachowski
2021, Global Change Biology (27) 3383-3394
Scavenging is an important function within ecosystems where scavengers remove organic matter, reduce disease, stabilize food webs, and generally make ecosystems more resilient to environmental changes. Global change (i.e., changing climate and increasing human impact) is currently influencing scavenger communities. Thus, understanding what promotes species richness in scavenger communities can...
Mercury and water level management in lakes of northern Minnesota
James H. Larson, Ryan P. Maki, Victoria Christensen, Enrika Hlavacek, Mark B. Sandheinrich, Jaime F. LeDuc, Claire Kissane, Brent C. Knights
2021, Ecosphere (12)
Water level (WL) fluctuations substantially alter the fauna, flora, and microbial community of nearshore aquatic ecosystems. Water level management therefore has the potential to strongly influence a wide variety of ecosystem processes. Many northern temperate lake food webs experience substantial methylmercury contamination, which is partially mediated by the action of...
Genetic structure and diversity of the endemic Carolina Madtom and conservation implications
W. R. Cope, Thomas J. Kwak, T. R. Black, K. Pacifici, S. C. Harris, C. M. Miller, M. E. Raley, E. M. Hallerman
2021, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (41) S27-S41
Identification and conservation of genetic diversity within and among freshwater fish populations are important to better manage and conserve imperiled species. The Carolina Madtom Noturus furiosus is a small, nongame catfish that is endemic to the Tar and Neuse River basins of North Carolina. Genetic structure has not been studied in the...
Riverine complexity and life history inform restoration in riparian environments in the southwestern U.S.
Emily C. Palmquist, Gerald J Allan, Kiona Ogle, Thomas G. Whitham, Bradley J. Butterfield, Patrick B. Shafroth
2021, Restoration Ecology (29)
Riparian habitat in the southwestern USA has undergone substantial degradation over the past century, prompting extensive management and restoration of these critical ecosystems. Most restoration efforts, however, do not account for life history traits or riverine complexity that may influence genetic diversity and structure. Here, we use simple sequence repeat...
West-wide drought analysis
Subhrendu Gangopadhyay, Gregory J. McCabe, Tom Pruitt, Brandon House
2021, Report, West-Wide Climate and Hydrology Assessment, Technical Memorandum No. ENV-2021-001
This chapter describes analyses of the variability and characteristics of drought for historical and future projected climate conditions across the Western United States. The analyses are performed using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI; Palmer, 1965) to define drought events. The advantage of using PDSI to define droughts is that...
Radionuclides in surface water and groundwater
Kate M. Campbell, Tyler Kane
2021, Book chapter, Handbook of Water Purity and Quality
Unique among all the contaminants that adversely affect surface- and groundwater quality, radioactive compounds pose a double threat from toxicity and ionizing radiation. The high energy potential of many of these materials makes them both useful and hazardous. The unique properties of...
Sagebrush recovery patterns after fuel treatments mediated by disturbance type and plant functional group interactions
Jeanne C. Chambers, Alexandra K. Urza, David I. Board, Richard F. Miller, David A. Pyke, Bruce A. Roundy, Eugene W. Schupp, Robin J. Tausch
2021, Ecosphere (12)
Fire and fuel management is a high priority in North American sagebrush ecosystems where the expansion of piñon and juniper trees and the invasion of nonnative annual grasses are altering fire regimes and resulting in loss of sagebrush species and habitat. We evaluated 10-yr effects of woody fuel treatments on...
Hydrologic effects on growth and hatching success of age-0 Channel Catfish in the Tallapoosa River basin: Implications for management in regulated systems
Keith A. Erickson, Peter C. Sakaris, Hannah Conner, Elise R. Irwin
2021, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (41) S118-S132
We assessed the effects of hydrology on growth and hatching success of age‐0 Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in regulated and unregulated reaches of the Tallapoosa River basin, Alabama. Age‐0 Channel Catfish (N = 91) were collected from sites in both the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions in fall 2003 and fall 2005. Lapillus...
Quantifying diagenesis, contributing factors, and resulting isotopic bias in benthic foraminifera using the Foraminiferal Preservation Index: Implications for geochemical proxy records
Robert Poirier, Madison Q. Gaetano, Kimberly Acevedo, Morgan F. Morgan F. Schaller, Maureen E. Raymo, Reinhard Kozdon
2021, Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology (36)
Geochemical records generated from the calcite tests of benthic foraminifera, especially those of the genera Cibicidoides and Uvigerina, provide the basis for proxy reconstructions of past climate. However, the extent to which benthic foraminifera are affected by postdepositional alteration is poorly constrained. Furthermore, how diagenesis may alter the geochemical composition of benthic foraminiferal...
Microbial ecology of coral-dominated reefs in the Federated States of Micronesia
Amy Apprill, Henry Holm, Alyson E. Santoro, Cynthia Becker, Matthew Neave, Konrad Hughen, Angela Richards Dona, Greta Aeby, Thierry M. Work, Laura Weber, Sean McNally
2021, Aquatic Microbial Ecology (86) 115-136
Microorganisms are central to the functioning of coral reef ecosystems, but their dynamics are unstudied on most reefs. We examined the microbial ecology of shallow reefs within the Federated States of Micronesia. We surveyed 20 reefs surrounding 7 islands and atolls (Yap, Woleai, Olimarao, Kosrae, Kapingamarangi, Nukuoro, and Pohnpei), spanning...
Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, North Carolina—Summary of monitoring activities, quality assurance, and data, October 2017–September 2019
Cassandra A. Pfeifle, Jessica L. Cain, Ryan B. Rasmussen
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1020
Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of local governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of...
Nitrogen and phosphorus loads from groundwater to Lake Spokane, Spokane, Washington, October 2016–October 2019
Richard W. Sheibley, James R. Foreman
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5023
Shallow nearshore groundwater and estimates of groundwater seepage were collected at 21 locations along the north and south shores of Lake Spokane beginning in October 2016 and ending in October 2019. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in nearshore groundwater ranged from <0.04 to 7.60 milligrams of nitrogen per liter. Nearshore...
Authors’ reply to letter to the editor: Continued improvement to genetic diversity indicator for CBD
Linda Laikre, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Fred W. Allendorf, Laura D. Bertola, Martin F Breed, Michael W. Bruford, W. Chris Funk, Gonzalo Gajardo, Antonio Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Catherine E. Grueber, Philip W Hedrick, Myriam Heuertz, Margaret Hunter, Kerstin Johannesson, Libby Liggins, Anna J. MacDonald, Joachim Mergeay, Farideh Moharrek, David O’Brien, Rob Ogden, Pablo Orozco-terWengel, Clarisse Palma-Silva, Jennifer Pierson, Ivan Paz-Vinas, Isa-Rita M Russo, Nils Ryman, Genot Segelbacher, Per Sjogren-Gulve, Lisette P Waits, Cristiano Vernesi, Sean M. Hoban
2021, Conservation Genetics (22) 533-536
We appreciate the encouraging response to our call for indicators for genetic diversity within the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity, CBD (Laikre et al. 2020; Hoban et al. 2020). In agreement with us, Frankham (2021) highlights the urgent necessity for the CBD to include an indicator that...
Geometric calibration updates to Landsat 7 ETM+ instrument for Landsat Collection 2 products
Mike Choate, Rajagopalan Rengarajan, James C. Storey, Mark Lubke
2021, Remote Sensing (13)
The Landsat 7 (L7) spacecraft and its instrument, the enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+), have been consistently characterized and calibrated since its launch in April of 1999. These performance metrics and calibration updates are determined through the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat image assessment system (IAS), which has been...
Priority species lists to restore desert tortoise and pollinator habitats in Mojave Desert shrublands
Todd Esque, Lesley A. DeFalco, Gayle Loren Tyree, K. Kristina Drake, Kenneth E. Nussear, Joseph S Wilson
2021, Natural Areas Journal (41) 145-158
Mojave Desert shrublands are home to unique plants and wildlife and are experiencing rapid habitat change due to unprecedented large-scale disturbances; yet, established practices to effectively restore disturbed landscapes are not well developed. A priority species list of native plant taxa was developed to guide...
Geometry of the Bushveld Complex from 3D potential field modelling
Janine Cole, Carol A. Finn, Susan J. Webb
2021, Precambrian Research (359)
A full three-dimensional (3D) potential field model of the central and southern Bushveld Complex reveals information about the Complex in areas obscured by younger geological cover. Previously, two-dimensional gravity models and a few magnetic models limited to certain sections of the...
Field-level exposure of bumble bees to fungicides applied to a commercial cherry orchard
Kathryn M. Kuivila, Houston Judd, Michelle L. Hladik, James P. Strange
2021, Journal of Economic Entomology (114) 1065-1071
Bumble bees, Bombus spp. (Apidae), are important native pollinators; however, populations of some species are declining in North America and agricultural chemicals are a potential cause. Fungicides are generally not highly toxic to bees, but little is known about sublethal or synergistic effects. This study evaluates bumble bee exposure to fungicides by...
Annual winter water-level drawdowns influence physical habitat structure and macrophytes in Massachusetts, USA, lakes
Jason R. Carmignani, Allison H. Roy
2021, Ecosphere (12)
Annual wintertime water-level drawdowns are a common management strategy in recreational lakes; however, few studies have estimated their relative impact on lake littoral habitat among a set of typically co-occurring anthropogenic stressors including lakeshore development and herbicide application. Within 21 Massachusetts, USA lakes that represented a drawdown magnitude gradient (0.07–2.26 m),...
Groundwater residence time estimates obscured by anthropogenic carbonate
Alan Seltzer, David Bekaert, Peter H. Barry, Kathryn Durkin, Emily Mace, Craig E. Aaselth, Jake Zappala, Peter Mueller, Bryant Jurgens, Justin T. Kulongoski
2021, Science Advances (7)
Groundwater is an important source of drinking and irrigation water. Dating groundwater informs its vulnerability to contamination and aids in calibrating flow models. Here, we report measurements of multiple age tracers (14C, 3H, 39Ar, and 85Kr) and parameters relevant to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from 17 wells in California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV),...
Informed breeding dispersal following stochastic changes to patch quality in a pond-breeding amphibian
Gabriel M. Barrile, Annika W. Walters, Matthew Webster, Anna D. Chalfoun
2021, Journal of Animal Ecology (90) 1878-1890
The unidirectional movement of animals between breeding patches (i.e. breeding dispersal) has profound implications for the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of spatially structured populations. In spatiotemporally variable environments, individuals are expected to adjust their dispersal decisions according to information gathered on the environmental and/or social cues that reflect the...
Blue sucker habitat use in a regulated Texas river: Implications for conservation and restoration
Matthew Ross Acre, Timothy B. Grabowski, Daniel J. Leavitt, Nathan G. Smith, Allison A. Pease, Jessica E. Pease
2021, Environmental Biology of Fishes (104) 501-516
Species conservation requires a clear understanding of habitat availability and subsequent use of those habitats. In cases where species declines have occurred and gone undetected by conservation managers, habitat alteration, fragmentation, and loss are often the largest contributors. River fragmentation often results in altered flow regimes, subsequently impacting the availability...
USGS National Water Quality Monitoring Network
Melissa L. Riskin, Casey J. Lee
2021, Fact Sheet 2021-3019
What is the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Monitoring Network?Understanding the water quality of U.S. streams and rivers requires consistent data collection and analysis over decades. The U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) National Water Quality Network (NWQN) was established to facilitate national-scale understanding of surface-water quality conditions through the collection...
An integrated geochemical, spectroscopic, and petrographic approach to examining the producibility of hydrocarbons from liquids-rich unconventional formations
Thomas Gentzis, Humberto Carvajal-Ortiz, Z. Harry Xie, Paul C. Hackley, Hallie Fowler
2021, Fuel (298)
The geochemical and petrophysical complexity of source-rock reservoirs in liquids-rich unconventional (LRU) plays necessitates the implementation of a more expansive analytical protocol for initial play assessment. In this study, original samples from selected source-rock reservoirs in the USA and the UK were analyzed by 22 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (HF-NMR) T1-T2...
Economic effects assessment approaches: US National Parks approach
Catherine Cullinane Thomas, Lynne Koontz
2021, Book chapter
This chapter discusses the data and methods used by the US National Park Service to estimate the economic effects of National Park visitor spending to local and regional economies. Topics covered include a summary of economic effects analyses, required data for analysis (visitor count data, trip characteristics and spending patterns,...
