Usefulness of weak bands in midinfrared remote sensing of particulate planetary surfaces
J.W. Salisbury, B. Hapke, J.W. Eastes
1987, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (92) 702-710
Midinfrared (2.5–25 μm) reflectance spectra of minerals are often used to predict emittance qualitatively. These spectra display weak overtone and combination tone bands, which may be as diagnostic of composition as the strong fundamental molecular vibration bands usually considered for remote sensing applications, but which have been widely ignored. However,...
LEAD, TIN, AND PRECIOUS-METAL MINERALIZATION IN THE U. S. VIRGIN ISLANDS.
H. V. Alminas, R. E. Tucker
1987, Conference Paper, Preprint - Society of Mining Engineers of AIME
This regional geochemical study of the U. S. Virgin Islands demonstrates the presence of a widespread base-metal (primarily Pb, Sn, Cu) and precious-metal (primarily Ag) mineralization on all three of the islands. The overall association: Au, Ag, Te, Sn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Sb, Bi, Mo, As and Ba shows a...
Ecological aspects of microorganisms inhabiting uranium mill tailings
C.L. Miller, E. R. Landa, D.M. Updegraff
1987, Microbial Ecology (14) 141-155
Numbers and types of microorganisms in uranium mill tailings were determined using culturing techniques. Arthrobacter were found to be the predominant microorganism inhabiting the sandy tailings, whereas Bacillus and fungi predominated in the slime tailings. Sulfate-reducing bacteria, capable of leaching radium, were isolated in low numbers from tailings samples but...
Molecular orbital (SCF-Xα-SW) theory of metal-metal charge transfer processes in minerals
David M. Sherman
1987, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals (14) 355-363
A number of mixed valence iron oxides and silicates (e.g., magnetite, ilvaite) exhibit thermally induced electron delocalization between adjacent Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and optically induced electronic transitions which are assigned to Fe2+→Fe3+ intervalence charge transfer. In this paper, the mechanism of electron delocalization (i.e., polarons versus itinerant electrons) and the nature...
Crustal and upper mantle structure of stable continental regions in North America and northern Europe
R.P. Masse
1987, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (125) 205-239
From an analysis of many seismic profiles across the stable continental regions of North America and northern Europe, the crustal and upper mantle velocity structure is determined. Analysis procedures include ray theory calculations and synthetic seismograms computed using reflectivity techniques. The P wave velocity structure beneath the Canadian Shield is...
An automated technique for flow measurements from mariotte reservoirs
Jim Constantz, Fred Murphy
1987, Soil Science Society of America Journal (51) 252-254
The mariotte reservoir supplies water at a constant hydraulic pressure by self-regulation of its internal gas pressure. Automated outflow measurements from mariotte reservoirs are generally difficult because of the reservoir's self-regulation mechanism. This paper describes an automated flow meter specifically designed for use with mariotte reservoirs. The flow meter monitors...
The solubilities of some major and minor element minerals in ground waters associated with a sandstone-hosted uranium deposit
Richard B. Wanty, J. R. Chatcham, D. Langmuir
1987, Bulletin de Mineralogie (110) 209-226
Ground-water samples from 41 wells penetrating basal Oakville sandstone (Miocene) in S Texas were chemically analysed to identify chemical changes related to nearby U orebodies. The coverage included a 240 km2 area which contains several fault-related U deposits. Factors affecting the hydrochemistry include: 1) relatively high permeabilities of buried fluvial-channel...
Basement thrust sheets in the Clearwater orogenic zone, central Idaho and western Montana
B. Skipp
1987, Geology (15) 220-224
The Clearwater orogenic zone in central Idaho and western Montana contains at least two major northeast-directed Cordilleran thrust plates of Early Proterozoic metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks that overrode previously folded Middle Proterozoic rocks of the Belt basin in Cretaceous time. The northeastward migration...
New U/Pb Ages from Granite and Granite Gneiss in the Ruby Geanticline and Southern Brooks Range, Alaska
W. W. Patton Jr., T. W. Stern, Joseph G. Arth, C. Carlson
1987, Journal of Geology (95) 118-126
New U/Pb zircon ages from the Ray Mountains of central Alaska clarify the plutonic history of the Ruby geanticline and support earlier suggestions that the Ruby geanticline and S Brooks Range were once parts of the same tectonostratigraphic terrane. U/Pb zircon ages of 109 to 112 Ma from the Ray...
Multiple sources of alkanes in Quaternary oceanic sediment of Antarctica
Keith A. Kvenvolden, John B. Rapp, Margaret Golan-Bac, Frances D. Hostettler
1987, Organic Geochemistry (11) 291-302
Normal alkanes (n-C13n-C36), isoprenoid hydrocarbons (i-C15, i-C16, i-C18, i-C19, and i-C20) triterpanes (C27C32), and (C27C29) are present in low concentrations offshore Antarctica in near-surface, Quaternary sediment of the Wilkes Land continental margin and of the western Ross Sea. The distributions of these...
The Upper Paleozoic pebbly mudstone facies of peninsular Thailand and western Malaysia - Continental margin deposits of Palaeoeurasia - Discussion
P.H. Stauffer, L.C. Peng
1987, Geologische Rundschau (76) 945-948
[No abstract available]...
Possible evidence for subducted sedimentary materials beneath central California
A.M. Trehu, W.H. Wheeler IV
1987, Geology (15) 254-258
Seismic reflection and refraction data from the Coast Ranges of central California west of the San Andreas fault suggest the presence of a low-velocity (4.5–5.0 km/s) wedge at a depth of about 15–22 km that dips east beneath rocks of both the Franciscan...
Chalcopyrite disease in sphalerite: pathology and epidemiology.
P. B. Barton Jr., P. M. Bethke
1987, American Mineralogist (72) 451-467
This descriptive paper identifies three widely occurring textures designated as 'watermelon', 'dusting' and 'bimodal' that characterize the replacement of original Fe-bearing sphalerite by an aggregate of chalcopyrite and low-Fe sphalerite as an integral part of the mineralization process. Replacement probably predominates over alternative modes of origin for small chalcopyrite blebs...
A model of geomagnetic secular variation for 1980-1983
N.W. Peddie, A.K. Zunde
1987, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (48) 324-329
We developed an updated model of the secular variation of the main geomagnetic field during 1980 through 1983 based on annual mean values for that interval from 148 worldwide magnetic observatories. The model consists of a series of 80 spherical harmonics, up to and including those of degree and order...
Rainfall, ground-water flow, and seasonal movement at Minor Creek landslide, northwestern California: Physical interpretation of empirical relations
R.M. Iverson, J. J. Major
1987, Geological Society of America Bulletin (99) 579-594
Simple ground-water flow analyses can clarify complex empirical relations between rainfall and landslide motion. Here we present detailed data on rainfall, ground-water flow, and repetitive seasonal motion that occurred from 1982 to 1985 at Minor Creek landslide in northwestern California, and we interpret these data in the context of physically...
Transport of reacting solutes subject to a moving dissolution boundary: Numerical methods and solutions
Catherine Willis, Jacob Rubin
1987, Water Resources Research (23) 1561-1574
A moving boundary problem which arises during transport with precipitation-dissolution reactions is solved by three different numerical methods. Two of these methods (one explicit and one implicit) are based on an integral formulation of mass balance and lead to an approximation of a weak solution. These methods are compared to...
Response of douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) to uraniferous groundwater in a small glaciated drainage, Northeastern Washington State
R. A. Zielinski, R.R. Schumann
1987, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (27) 281-298
Douglas fir trees and associated soils were sampled from the slopes of a small (∼4 km2) drainage basin in northeastern Washington to investigate the biogeochemical response to locally uraniferous groundwater. Uranium is preferentially incorporated in needles and twigs compared to larger...
Effects of weathering on biological marker and aromatic hydrocarbon composition of organic matter in Phosphoria shale outcrop
J.L. Clayton, J. D. King
1987, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (51) 2153-2157
GC-MS analyses were performed on core samples collected from a shale outcrop of the Permian Phosphoria Formation in Utah, U.S.A., to study effects of weathering on selected biological marker and aromatic (phenanthrene) hydrocarbon compounds. Among the biological markers, the most important weathering effects are a decrease in the <span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame"...
Evaluation of the stability of gas hydrates in Northern Alaska
A. Kamath, S. P. Godbole, R. D. Ostermann, T. S. Collett
1987, Cold Regions Science and Technology (14) 107-119
The factors which control the distribution of in situ gas hydrate deposits in colder regions such as Northern Alaska include; mean annual surface temperatures (MAST), geothermal gradients above and below the base of permafrost, subsurface pressures, gas composition, pore-fluid salinity and the soil condition. Currently existing data on the above...
Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of andradite garnet, Ca3Fe2Si3O12, between 10 and 1000 K and revised values for ΔfGom (298.15 K) of hedenbergite and wollastonite
Richard A. Robie, Zhao Bin, Bruce S. Hemingway, Mark D. Barton
1987, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (51) 2219-2224
The heat capacity of synthetic andradite garnet (Ca3Fe2Si3O12) was measured between 9.6 and 365.5 K by cryogenic adiabatic calorimetry and from 340 to 990 K by differential scanning calorimetry. At 298.15 KCop,m and Som are 351.9 ± 0.7 and 316.4 ± 2.0 J/(mol·K), respectively. Andradite has a λ-peak in Cop,m with a maximum at...
The use of marine electromagnetic conductivity as a tool in hydrogeologic investigations
P.B. Duran
1987, Groundwater (25) 160-166
Field procedures for collecting marine electromagnetic (EM) conductivity data were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of a hydrogeologic investigation of the Delaware River shipping channel. Eighty miles of marine EM data collected along the border between Pennsylvania and New Jersey were used...
Examples of transient sounding from groundwater exploration in sedimentary aquifers
D.V. Fitterman
1987, Groundwater (25) 685-692
Examples of the use of transient electromagnetic soundings for three ground-water exploration problems in sedimentary aquifers are given. The examples include: (1) estimating depths to water table and bedrock in an alluvium-filled basin, (2) mapping a confined fresh-water aquifer in bedrock sediments, and (3) locating...
Interaction of acid mine drainage with waters and sediments of West Squaw Creek in the West Shasta Mining District, California
L.H. Filipek, D. Kirk Nordstrom, W. H. Ficklin
1987, Environmental Science & Technology (21) 388-396
Acid mine drainage has acidified large volumes of water and added high concentrations of dissolved heavy metals to West Squaw Creek, a California stream draining igneous rocks of low acid-neutralizing capacity. During mixing of the acid sulfate stream waters in the South Fork of West Squaw Creek with an almost...
Hydrogeological concepts in the United States: a historical perspective.
J.E. Moore, B.B. Hanshaw
1987, Episodes (10) 315-321
Reviews the development of hydrogeological concepts in the USA from 1879 to 1987, from early qualitative reconnaissance investigations to modern qualitative and multi-disciplinary studies involving predictive analytical techniques and a consideration of management practices. The authors present a sampling of historical milestone papers in US hydrology in the form of...
Geological and inorganic materials
F.E. Lichte, J. L. Seeley, L. L. Jackson, D. M. McKown, J. E. Taggart
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 197-212
No abstract available....
