Hydrogeology and simulation of groundwater flow in Columbia County, Wisconsin
Madeline Gotkowitz, Andrew T. Leaf, Steven M. Sellwood
2021, Report
This report describes the regional hydrogeology and groundwater resources of Columbia County, Wisconsin, and documents a regional groundwater flow model developed for the county. Regional hydrostratigraphic units include the unlithified aquifer, the upper bedrock aquifer, and the Elk Mound aquifer. The unlithified aquifer consists of deposits that range in composition from...
Fire refugia in old-growth forests: Predicting habitat persistence to support land management in an era of rapid global change
Cameron E. Naficy, Garrett W. Meigs, Matt J. Gregory, Ray Davis, David M. Bell, Katie M. Dugger, J. David Wiens, Meg A. Krawchuk
2021, Report
Recent stand-replacing wildfires in late-successional and old-growth (LSOG) forests have increased land manager interest in fire refugia, which could provide vital habitat for threatened and endangered species during a time of rapid change. The overall goal of this project was to model, map, and share information essential for the conservation...
Genetic analysis of red lionfish Pterois volitans from Florida, USA, leads to alternative North Atlantic introduction scenarios
Margaret Hunter, Caitlin Beaver, Nathan A. Johnson, Eleanor K. Bors, Antonio A. Mignucci-Giannoni, Brian R. Silliman, Dayne Buddo, Linda Searle, Edgardo Diaz-Ferguson
2021, Marine Ecology Progress Series (675) 133-151
The red lionfish Pterois volitans is a successful invasive predator across the western North Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico. The southeast coast of Florida (USA) has been identified as the original introduction location, but genetic analyses including Florida lionfish have yet to investigate introduction scenarios. Here, we assessed the potential lionfish...
Invasion frustration: Can biotic resistance explain the small geographic range of non-native croaking gourami Trichopsis vittata (Cuvier, 1831) in Florida, USA?
Pam Schofield, Quenton M. Tuckett, Daniel Slone, Kristen Reaver, Jeffrey H. Hill
2021, Aquatic Invasions (16) 512-526
Croaking gourami Trichopsis vittata is a non-native fish species that has maintained a reproducing population in Florida, USA, since at least the 1970s. However, unlike most other non-native fishes in Florida, T. vittata has not spread beyond its very small (ca. 5 km²) range. We suspected the inability of T....
Understanding genetics for successful conservation and restoration of resilient Chesapeake Bay brook trout populations
David C. Kazyak, E. M. Hallerman, Lori Maloney, Stephen Faulkner, Amy Welsh, Jason Coombs, Andrew Whiteley, Jake Rash, Shannon L. White, Meredith L. Bartron, Matt A. Kulp, Mariah Meek
2021, Report
Traditionally, fisheries management has focused on the abundance, distribution, and size structure of populations. Although these factors remain key aspects of management, a large and growing body of evidence highlights the importance of genetics in conserving wild populations, especially when populations are small and isolated (Frankham et al. 2017). Local...
Demographic risk assessment for a harvested species threatened by climate change: Polar bears in the Chukchi Sea
Eric V. Regehr, Michael C. Runge, Andrew L. Von Duyke, Ryan R. Wilson, Lori Polasek, Karyn D. Rode, Nathan J. Hostetter, Sarah J. Converse
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Climate change threatens global biodiversity. Many species vulnerable to climate change are important to humans for nutritional, cultural, and economic reasons. Polar bears Ursus maritimus are threatened by sea-ice loss and represent a subsistence resource for Indigenous people. We applied a novel population modeling-management framework that is based on species life history...
Optimization of salt marsh management at the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, Maine, through use of structured decision making
Hilary A. Neckles, James E. Lyons, Jessica L. Nagel, Susan C. Adamowicz, Toni Mikula, Kathleen M. O’Brien, Bri Benvenuti, Ryan Kleinert
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1080
Structured decision making is a systematic, transparent process for improving the quality of complex decisions by identifying measurable management objectives and feasible management actions; predicting the potential consequences of management actions relative to the stated objectives; and selecting a course of action that maximizes the total benefit achieved and balances...
National assessment of helium resources within known natural gas reservoirs
Sean T. Brennan, Jennifer L. Rivera, Brian A. Varela, Andy J. Park
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5085
Using available data, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated that 306 billion cubic feet of recoverable helium is presently within the known geologic natural gas reservoirs of the United States....
Late Cenozoic paleogeographic reconstruction of the San Francisco Bay Area from analysis of stratigraphy, tectonics, and tephrochronology
Andrei Sarna-Wojcicki
2021, GSA Memoirs (217) 443-472
The Neogene stratigraphic and tectonic history of the Mount Diablo area is a consequence of the passage of the Mendocino Triple Junction (MTJ) by the San Francisco Bay area between 12 and 6 Ma, volcanism above a slab-window trailing the MTJ, and crustal transpression beginning ~8-6 Ma, when the Pacific...
Late Cenozoic tephrochronology of the Mount Diablo area within the evolving plate-tectonic boundary zone of northern California
Andrei Sarna-Wojcicki, Raymond Sullivan, Alan L. Deino, Laura Walkup, J. Ross Wagner, Elmira Wan
2021, GSA Memoirs (217) 393-441
We present a tephrochronologic/chronostratigraphic database for the Mount Diablo area and greater San Francisco Bay region that provides a spatial and temporal framework for geologic studies in the region, including stratigraphy, paleogeography,...
Culverts delay upstream and downstream migrations of river herring (Alosa spp.)
Derrick Alcott, Elsa Goerig, Theodore R. Castro-Santos
2021, River Research and Applications (37) 1400-1412
Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) are iteroparous anadromous fish found throughout the East Coast of North America. The phenology of anadromous fish migrations is important for fitness, and the duration of spawning migrations has been compressed in recent years in response to climate...
Evaluating the state-of-the-art in remote volcanic eruption characterization Part I: Raikoke volcano, Kuril Islands
Kathleen McKee, Cassandra Marie Smith, Kevin Reath, Eveanjelene Snee, Sean Maher, Robin S. Matoza, Simon A Carn, Larry G. Mastin, Kyle R. Anderson, David Damby, Diana Roman, Artem Degterev, Alexander Rybin, Marina Chibisova, Jelle D. Assink, Rodrigo de Negri Levia, Anna Perttu
2021, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (419) 1-14
Raikoke, a small, unmonitored volcano in the Kuril Islands, erupted in June 2019. We integrate data from satellites (including Sentinel-2, TROPOMI, MODIS, Himawari-8), the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network, and global lightning detection network (GLD360) with information from local authorities and social media to retrospectively characterize the eruptive sequence...
Methods for estimating regional skewness of annual peak flows in parts of eastern New York and Pennsylvania, based on data through water year 2013
Andrea G. Veilleux, Daniel M. Wagner
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5015
Bulletin 17C (B17C) recommends fitting the log-Pearson Type III (LP−III) distribution to a series of annual peak flows at a streamgage by using the method of moments. The third moment, the skewness coefficient (or skew), is important because the magnitudes of annual exceedance probability (AEP) flows estimated by using the...
Hypogenic karst of the Great Basin
Louise D. Hose, Harvey R. DuChene, Daniel Jones, Gretchen M. Baker, Zoe Havlena, Donald S. Sweetkind, Doug Powell
2021, Book chapter, Field Excursions from the 2021 GSA Section Meetings
Discoveries in the 1980s greatly expanded speleologists’ understanding of the role that hypogenic groundwater flow can play in developing caves at depth. Ascending groundwater charged with carbon dioxide and, especially, hydrogen sulfide can readily dissolve carbonate bedrock just below and above the water table. Sulfuric acid speleogenesis, in which anoxic,...
Informing future condition scenario planning for habitat specialists of the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem of South Florida
Susan C. Walls
2021, Report
This project evaluated habitat conditions for two species found in the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem—the Rim Rock Crowned Snake (Tantilla oolitica) and the Key Ring-Necked Snake (Diadophis punctatus acricus). The Rim Rock Crowned Snake historically occurred in eastern Miami-Dade County (hereafter, mainland) as well as throughout the Florida Keys, whereas...
Red knot stopover population size and migration ecology at Delaware Bay, USA, 2021
James E. Lyons
2021, Report
Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa) stop at Delaware Bay during northward migration to feed on eggs of horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus). The northward migration of C. c. rufa coincides with the spawning of horseshoe crabs whose eggs are the perfect food for a migrating Red Knot (Karpanty et al. 2006,...
Shallow marine ecosystem collapse and recovery during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
Skye Y Tian, Moriaki Yasuhara, Huai-Hsuan M Huang, Fabien L. Condamine, Marci M. Robinson
2021, Global and Planetary Change (207)
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the most well-studied transient hyperthermal event in Earth history, is characterized by prominent and dynamic changes in global marine ecosystems. Understanding such biotic responses provides valuable insights into future scenarios in the face of anthropogenic warming....
Development of regression equations for the estimation of the magnitude and frequency of floods at rural, unregulated gaged and ungaged streams in Puerto Rico through water year 2017
Patrick J. Ryan, Anthony J. Gotvald, Cody L. Hazelbaker, Andrea G. Veilleux, Daniel M. Wagner
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5062
The methods of computation and estimates of the magnitude of flood flows were updated for the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent chance exceedance levels for 91 streamgages on the main island of Puerto Rico by using annual peak-flow data through 2017. Since the previous flood frequency...
Development of a screening tool to examine lake and reservoir susceptibility to eutrophication in selected watersheds of the eastern and southeastern United States
W. Reed Green, Anne B. Hoos, Alan E. Wilson, Elizabeth N. Heal
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5075
This report describes a new screening tool to examine lake and reservoir susceptibility to eutrophication in selected watersheds of the eastern and southeastern United States using estimated nutrient loading and flushing rates with measures of waterbody morphometry. To that end, the report documents the compiled data and methods (R-script) used...
Stratigraphic and structural controls on groundwater salinity variations in the Poso Creek Oil Field, Kern County, California, USA
Michael J. Stephens, David H. Shimabukuro, Will Chang, Janice M. Gillespie, Zack Levinson
2021, Hydrogeology Journal (29) 2803-2820
Groundwater total dissolved solids (TDS) distribution was mapped with a three-dimensional (3D) model, and it was found that TDS variability is largely controlled by stratigraphy and geologic structure. General TDS patterns in the San Joaquin Valley of California (USA) are attributed to predominantly connate water composition...
Distribution, abundance and spatial variability of microplastic pollution on the surface of Lake Superior
K Cox, E. Brocious, S Courtenay, Mark R. Vinson, Seth J. K. Mason
2021, Journal of Great Lakes Research (47) 1358-1364
In 2014, 94 paired neuston net samples (0.5 mm mesh) were collected from the surface waters of Lake Superior. These samples comprise the most comprehensive surface water survey for microplastics of any of the Great Lakes to date, and the first to employ double net...
A novel automatic phenology learning (APL) method of training sample selection using multiple datasets for time-series land cover mapping
Congcong Li, George Z. Xian, Qiang Zhou, Bruce Pengra
2021, Remote Sensing of Environment (266)
The long record of Landsat imagery, which is the cornerstone of Earth observation, provides an opportunity to monitor land use and land cover (LULC) change and understand the interactions between the climate and earth system through time. A few change detection algorithms such...
Phenotypic variation in Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) at broad spatial scales makes morphology an insufficient basis for taxonomic reclassification of the species
Shannon L. White, David C. Kazyak, Richard C Harrington, Matt A. Kulp, Jacob M Rash, T. Casey Weathers, Thomas J Near
2021, Ichthyology & Herpetology (109) 743-751
It was recently proposed that there are three new species of Salvelinus with microendemic distributions in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee, USA. The three species of Salvelinus were hypothesized to be distinct from their congener Brook Trout S. fontinalis based on three meristic traits—pored lateral-line scales, vertebral counts, and number of basihyal teeth. After...
Hotspot dune erosion on an intermediate beach
Nicholas Cohn, Katherine Brodie, Bradley Johnson, Margaret L. Palmsten
2021, Coastal Engineering (170)
A large, low pressure Nor’easter storm and Hurricane Joaquin contributed to multiple weeks of sustained, elevated wave and water level conditions along the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States in Fall 2015. Sea level anomalies in excess of 1 m and...
Integrating socioecological suitability with human-wildlife conflict risk: Case study for translocation of a large ungulate
Nicholas P. McCann, Eric M. Walberg, James D. Forester, Michael W. Schrage, David C. Fulton, Mark A. Ditmer
2021, Journal of Applied Ecology (58) 2810-2820
Translocations are essential for re-establishing wildlife populations. As they sometimes fail, it is critical to assess factors that influence their success pre-translocation.Socioecological suitability models (SESMs) integrate social acceptance and ecological suitability to enable identification of areas where wildlife populations will expand, which makes it likely that SESMs will also...
