Double-diffusive convection in geothermal systems: the Salton Sea, California, geothermal system as a likely candidate
R.O. Fournier
1990, Geothermics (19) 481-496
Much has been published about double-diffusive convection as a mechanism for explaining variations in composition and temperature within all-liquid natural systems. However, relatively little is known about the applicability of this phenomenon within the heterogeneous rocks of currently active geothermal systems...
Occurrence, distributions, and transport of herbicides and their degradation products in the lower Mississippi river and its tributaries
W. E. Pereira
1990, ES and T Contents (24) 1400-1406
The Mississippi River and its tributaries drain extensive agricultural regions of the midcontinental United States, where large amounts of herbicides are applied as weed control agents on crops such as corn and soybeans. Studies being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey along the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries,...
Monitoring the hydrologic system for potential effects of geothermal and ground-water development in the Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, U.S.A
Christopher Farrar, Daniel Lyster
1990, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
In the early 1980's, renewed interest in the geothermal potential of the Long Valley caldera, California, highlighted the need to balance the benefits of energy development with the established recreational activities of the area. The Long Valley Hydrologic Advisory Committee, formed in 1987, instituted a monitoring program to collect data...
Some hydrological impacts of climate change for the Delaware River Basin
Gary D. Tasker
1990, Conference Paper
To gain insight into possible impacts of climate change on water availability in the Delaware River, two models are linked. The first model is a monthly water balance model that converts the temperature and precipitation values generated by a random number generator to monthly streamflow values. The monthly streamflow values...
The hydrologic role of the unsaturated zone of a forested colluvium-mantled hollow
B.B. Amen
1990, Technical Report 26
No abstract available at this time...
Geochemistry of vanadium in an epigenetic, sandstone-hosted vanadium-uranium deposit, Henry Basin, Utah
R. B. Wanty, M. B. Goldhaber, H. R. Northrop
1990, Economic Geology (85) 270-284
The epigenetic Tony M vanadium-uranium orebody in south-central Utah is hosted in fluvial sandstones of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic). Although the deposit is mined for uranium, vanadium has a higher average abundance in the ore. Thus, the geochemistry of vanadium in the orebody was studied to characterize ore-forming processes...
Regional flood-frequency relations for streams with many years of no flow
Hjalmar W. Hjalmarson, Blakemore E. Thomas
French Richard H., editor(s)
1990, Conference Paper, Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands
In the southwestern United States, flood-frequency relations for streams that drain small arid basins are difficult to estimate, largely because of the extreme temporal and spatial variability of floods and the many years of no flow. A method is proposed that is based on the station-year method. The new method...
Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in deeply buried sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain
Derek R. Lovley, F. H. Chapelle, Elizabeth J.P. Phillips
1990, Geology (18) 954-957
The possibility that microorganisms are catalyzing the ongoing reduction of Fe(III) in the sediments of deep (20-250 m) aquifers was investigated. Acetate-oxidizing, Fe(III)-reducing bacteria were recovered from deep subsurface sediments, but only from sediments in which it appeared that Fe(III) reduction was the terminal electron-accepting process for oxidation of organic...
Unexpected hydrologic perturbation in an abandoned underground coal mine: Response to surface reclamation?
D. Harper, G.A. Olyphant, E.J. Hartke
1990, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (15) 179-187
A reclamation project at the abandoned Blackhawk Mine site near Terre Haute, Indiana, lasted about four months and involved the burial of coarse mine refuse in shallow (less than 9 m) pits excavated into loess and till in an area of about 16 ha. An abandoned flooded underground coal mine...
Kinetically influenced terms for solute transport affected by heterogeneous and homogeneous classical reactions
Jean M. Bahr
1990, Water Resources Research (26) 21-34
Simulation of transport affected by heterogeneous or homogeneous reversible reactions requires a choice between local equilibrium-based and kinetics-based models. The error associated with the use of equilibrium-based models is equivalent to the error of neglecting certain mathematical terms in the governing kinetics-based transport equations. Identification and evaluation of these kinetically...
Sources and fractionation processes influencing the isotopic distribution of H, O and C in the Long Valley hydrothermal system, California, U.S.A.
A. F. White, M. L. Peterson, H. Wollenberg, S. Flexser
1990, Applied Geochemistry (5) 571-585
The isotopic ratios of H, O and C in water within the Long Valley caldera, California reflect input from sources external to the hydrothermal reservoir. A decrease in δD in precipitation of 0.5‰ km−1, from west to east across Long Valley,...
Paleohydrologic techniques used to define the spatial occurrence of floods
R.D. Jarrett
1990, Geomorphology (3) 181-195
Defining the cause and spatial characteristics of floods may be difficult because of limited streamflow and precipitation data. New paleohydrologic techniques that incorporate information from geomorphic, sedimentologic, and botanic studies provide important supplemental information to define homogeneous hydrologic regions. These techniques also...
Determination of trace levels of herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry
W. E. Pereira, C.E. Rostad, T.J. Leiker
1990, Analytica Chimica Acta (228) 69-75
A rapid, specific and highly sensitive method is described for the determination of several commonly used herbicides and their degradation products in surface and ground waters by using gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry. The compounds included atrazine, and its degradation products desethylatrazine and desisopropylatrazine; Simazine; Cyanazine; Metolachlor; and alachlor and its...
Hydrologic and hydraulic research in mountain rivers
Robert D. Jarrett
1990, Water Resources Bulletin (26) 419-429
Although our current (1990) knowledge of hydrologic and hydraulic processes is based on many years of study, there are river environments where these processes are complex and poorly understood. One of these environments is in mountainous areas, which cover about 25 percent of the United States. Use of conventional hydrologic...
Nitrogen fixation dynamics of two diazotrophic communities in Mono Lake, California
R.S. Oremland
1990, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (56) 614-622
Two types of diazotrophic microbial communities were found in the littoral zone of alkaline hypersaline Mono Lake, California. One consisted of anaerobic bacteria inhabiting the flocculent surface layers of sediments. Nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) by flocculent surface layers occurred under anaerobic conditions, was not stimulated by light or by additions...
Technical comments
B.M. Troutman, M.R. Karlinger
1990, Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics (4) 83-88
[No abstract available]...
Paleoclimatic implications of the high stand of Lake Lahontan derived from models of evaporation and lake level
S. Hostetler, L. V. Benson
1990, Climate Dynamics (4) 207-217
Based on previous climate model simulations of a split of the polar jet stream during the late Pleistocene, we hypothesize that (1) 20-13.5 ka BP, season-to-season variation in the latitudinal maximum of the jet stream core led to enhanced wetness in the Great Basin, and (2) after 13.5 ka BP,...
Transformation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons to organic acids in anoxic groundwater environment
I.M. Cozzarelli, R.P. Eganhouse, M.J. Baedecker
1990, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (16) 135-141
The transformation of benzene and a series of alkylbenzenes was studied in anoxic groundwater of a shallow glacial-outwash aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota, U.S.A. Monoaromatic hydrocarbons, the most water-soluble components of crude oil, were transported downgradient of an oil spill, forming a plume of contaminated groundwater. Organic acids that were not...
The surface area of soil organic matter
C. T. Chiou, J.-F. Lee, S.A. Boyd
1990, Environmental Science & Technology (24) 1164-1166
The previously reported surface area for soil organic matter (SOM) of 560-800 m2/g as determined by the ethylene glycol (EG) retention method was reexamined by the standard BET method based on nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. Test samples consisted of two high organic content soils, a freeze-dried soil humic...
Effect of soil moisture on the sorption of trichloroethene vapor to vadose-zone soil at picatinny arsenal, New Jersey
J. A. Smith, C. T. Chiou, J.A. Kammer, D. E. Kile
1990, Environmental Science & Technology (24) 676-683
This report presents data on the sorption of trichloroethene (TCE) vapor to vadose-zone soil above a contaminated water-table aquifer at Picatinny Arsenal in Morris County, NJ. To assess the impact of moisture on TCE sorption, batch experiments on the sorption of TCE vapor by the field soil were carried out...
Collection and analysis of colloidal particles transported in the Mississippi River, U.S.A.
T.F. Rees, J. F. Ranville
1990, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (6) 241-250
Sediment transport has long been recognized as an important mechanism for the transport of contaminants in surface waters. Suspended sediment has traditionally been divided into three size classes: sand-sized (>63 ??m), silt-sized (<63 ??m but settleable) and clay-sized (non-settleable). The first two classes are easily collected and characterized using screens...
Contrasting soils and landscapes of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain, eastern United States
Helaine W. Markewich, Milan J. Pavich, Gary R. Buell
1990, Geomorphology (3) 417-447
The Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic provinces comprise 80 percent of the Atlantic Coastal states from New Jersey to Georgia. The provinces are climatically similar. The soil moisture regime is udic. The soil temperature regime is typically thermic from Virginia through Georgia, although it is mesic at altitudes above 400...
Rates of microbial metabolism in deep coastal plain aquifers
F. H. Chapelle, Derek R. Lovley
1990, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (56) 1865-1874
Rates of microbial metabolism in deep anaerobic aquifers of the Atlantic coastal plain of South Carolina were investigated by both microbiological and geochemical techniques. Rates of [2-14C]acetate and [U-14C]glucose oxidation as well as geochemical evidence indicated that metabolic rates were faster in the sandy sediments composing the aquifers than in...
Location and mapping of hydrologic regimes and thermal waters in Hawai'i: the use of electrical geophysical techniques
Jim Kauahikaua
1990, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Useful information on several different hydrologic regimes can be obtained using a combination of electrical geophysical surveys. Fresh-water lenses and laterally-confined aquifers can be located and mapped. However, more studies are required to evaluate the utility of geophysical methods for assessing perched aquifers....
Anaerobic oxidation of toluene, phenol, and p-cresol by the dissimilatory iron-reducing organism, GS-15
Derek R. Lovley, D.J. Lonergan
1990, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (56) 1858-1864
The dissimilatory Fe(III) reducer, GS-15, is the first microorganism known to couple the oxidation of aromatic compounds to the reduction of Fe(III) and the first example of a pure culture of any kind known to anaerobically oxidize an aromatic hydrocarbon, toluene. In this study, the metabolism of toluene, phenol, and p-cresol...
