A hidden Markov model for estimating age-specific survival when age and size are uncertain
Timothy A. Gowan, Michael D. Tringali, Jeffrey A. Hostetler, Julien Martin, Leslie I. Ward-Geiger, Jennifer M Johnson
2021, Ecology (102)
Estimates of age-specific survival probabilities are needed for age-structured population models and to inform conservation decisions. However, determining the age of individuals in wildlife populations is often problematic. We present a hidden Markov model for estimating age-specific survival from capture–recapture or capture–recapture–recovery data when age is...
Relative risk of groundwater-quality degradation near California (USA) oil fields estimated from 3H, 14C, and 4He
Peter B. McMahon, Matthew K. Landon, Tracy Davis, Michael Wright, Celia Z. Rosecrans, Robert Anders, Michael Land, Justin T. Kulongoski, Andrew G. Hunt
2021, Applied Geochemistry (131)
Relative risks of groundwater-quality degradation near selected California oil fields are estimated by examining spatial and temporal patterns in chemical and isotopic data in the context of groundwater-age categories defined by tritium and carbon-14. In the Coastal basins, western San Joaquin Valley (SJV),...
Quantifying the demographic vulnerabilities of dry woodlands to climate and competition using rangewide monitoring data
Robert K Shriver, Charles B. Yackulic, David M. Bell, John B. Bradford
2021, Ecology (102)
Climate change is expected to alter the distribution and abundance of tree species, impacting ecosystem structure and function. Yet, anticipating where this will occur is often hampered by a lack of understanding of how demographic rates, most notably recruitment, vary in response to climate and competition...
Deposit classification scheme for the Critical Minerals Mapping Initiative Global Geochemical Database
Albert H. Hofstra, Vladimir Lisitsin, Louise Corriveau, Suzanne Paradis, Jan Peter, Kathleen Lauziere, Christopher Lawley, Michael Gadd, Jean-Luc Pilote, Ian Honsberger, Evgeniy Bastrakov, David C. Champion, Karol Czarnota, Michael P. Doublier, David L. Huston, Oliver Raymond, Simon VanDerWielen, Poul Emsbo, Matthew Granitto, Douglas C. Kreiner
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1049
A challenge for the global economy is to meet the growing demand for commodities used in today’s advanced technologies. Critical minerals are commodities (for example, elements, compounds, minerals) deemed vital to the economic and national security of individual countries that are vulnerable to supply disruption. The national geological agencies of...
Using tree swallows to assess reductions in PCB exposure as a result of dredging at Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) sites in the Upper Midwest, USA
Christine M. Custer, Thomas W. Custer, Paul M. Dummer
2021, Ecotoxicology (30) 1116-1125
Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) were used to assess the effectiveness of reducing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure to wildlife as a result of contaminated sediment removal at locations across the Great Lakes under two dredging scenarios, full or spot dredging. For comparative purposes, other locations where no...
Remote and local drivers of Pleistocene South Asian summer monsoon precipitation: A test for future predictions
Steven C Clemens, Masanobu Yamamoto, Kaustubh Thirumalai, Liviu Giosan, Julie N. Richey, Katrina Nilson-Kerr, Yair Rosenthal, Pallavi Anand, Sarah M McGrath
2021, Science Advances (7)
South Asian precipitation amount and extreme variability are predicted to increase due to thermodynamic effects of increased 21st-century greenhouse gases, accompanied by an increased supply of moisture from the southern hemisphere Indian Ocean. We reconstructed South Asian summer monsoon precipitation and runoff into the Bay of...
Oxygen-controlled recirculating seepage meter reveals extent of nitrogen transformation in discharging coastal groundwater at the aquifer–estuary interface
Thomas W. Brooks, Kevin D. Kroeger, Holly A. Michael, Joanna K. York
2021, Limnology and Oceanography (66) 3055-3069
Nutrient loads delivered to estuaries via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) play an important role in the nitrogen (N) budget and eutrophication status. However, accurate and reliable quantification of the chemical flux across the final decimeters and centimeters at the sediment–estuary interface remains a challenge, because there...
11-Deoxycortisol is a stress responsive and gluconeogenic hormone in the jawless vertebrate, the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
Ciaran A. Shaughnessy, Stephen D. McCormick
2021, Journal of Experimental Biology (224)
Although corticosteroid-mediated hepatic gluconeogenic activity in response to stress has been extensively studied in fishes and other vertebrates, there is little information on the stress response in basal vertebrates. In sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a representative member of the most basal extant vertebrate group Agnatha, 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone are the...
Sea star wasting disease pathology in Pisaster ochraceus shows a basal-to-surface process affecting color phenotypes differently
Thierry M. Work, Tina M. Weatherby, Christopher M. DeRito, Ryan M. Besemer, Ian Hewson
2021, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (145) 21-33
Sea star wasting disease (SSWD) refers to a suite of poorly described non-specific clinical signs including abnormal posture, epidermal ulceration, and limb autotomy (sloughing) causing mortalities of over 20 species of sea stars and subsequent ecological shifts throughout the northeastern Pacific. While SSWD is widely assumed to be infectious, with...
Water resources of St. Landry Parish, Louisiana
Maxwell A. Lindaman, Vincent E. White
2021, Fact Sheet 2021-3026
Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. In 2014, about...
Workflow for using unmanned aircraft systems and traditional geospatial data to delineate agricultural drainage tiles at edge-of-field sites
J. Jeremy Webber, Tanja N. Williamson
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5013
Managing nutrient and sediment runoff from fields that drain to the Great Lakes is key to mitigating harmful algal blooms. Implementation of best management practices on agricultural land is considered a critical step to improving water quality in these streams, however the effect of these best management practices is difficult...
Online-coupling of widely-ranged timescales to model coral reef development
Gijs Hendrickx, Peter M. J. Herman, Jasper T. Dijkstra, Curt D. Storlazzi, Lauren T. Toth
2021, Environmental Modeling and Software (143)
The increasing pressure on Earth's ecosystems due to climate change is becoming more and more evident and the impacts of climate change are especially visible on coral reefs. Understanding how climate change interacts with the physical environment of reefs to impact coral growth and reef development is critically important to...
Wildfires and global change
Juli G. Pausas, Jon Keeley
2021, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (19) 387-395
No single factor produces wildfires; rather, they occur when fire thresholds (ignitions, fuels, and drought) are crossed. Anomalous weather events may lower these thresholds and thereby enhance the likelihood and spread of wildfires. Climate change increases the frequency with which some of these thresholds are crossed, extending the duration of...
Raising the West: Mid-Cenozoic Colorado-plano related to subvolcanic batholith assembly in the Southern Rocky Mountains (USA)?
Peter W. Lipman
2021, Geology (49) 1107-1111
The Southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado, United States, have the highest regional elevation in North America, but present-day crustal thickness (∼42–47 km) is no greater than for the adjacent, topographically lower High Plains and Colorado Plateau. The chemistry of continental-arc rocks of the...
Effects of climate and irrigation on GRACE-based estimates of water storage changes in major US aquifers
Bridget R. Scanlon, Ahsraf Rateb, Donald R. Pool, Ward E. Sanford, Himanshu Save, Alexander Y. Sun, Di Long, Brian Fuchs
2021, Environmental Research Letters (16)
Understanding climate and human impacts on water storage is critical for sustainable water-resources management. Here we assessed climate and human drivers of total water storage (TWS) variability from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites compared with drought severity and irrigation water use in 14 major aquifers...
Tracking the source of metals to the San Juan River
Johanna M. Blake, Shaleene B. Chavarria, Anne-Marie Matherne
2021, Fact Sheet 2021-3029
IntroductionThe San Juan River is a major water source for communities in the Four Corners Region of the United States (Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah) and is a vital source of water for the Navajo Nation. The Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency (NNEPA) periodically samples surface water on the Navajo...
Benzotriazole concentrations in airport runoff are reduced following changes in airport deicer formulations
Hayley T. Olds, Steven R. Corsi, Troy D. Rutter
2021, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (18) 245-257
A comparison of the presence of additives in airport deicers commonly used in the United States and in airport runoff was conducted with data collected before and after changes in deicer formulations. Three isomers of benzotriazoles (BTs)—4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (4-MeBT), 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5-MeBT), and 1H-benzotriazole (1H-BT)—are corrosion inhibitors added to some formulations of...
Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston basin, North Dakota and Montana
Kristen R. Marra
2021, Newsletter
No abstract available....
The roles of environmental variation and parasite survival in virulence–transmission relationships
Wendy Christine Turner, Pauline L. Kamath, Henriette van Heerden, Yen-Hua Huang, Zoe R. Barandongo, Spencer A. Bruce, Kyrre Kausrud
2021, Royal Society Open Science (8)
Disease outbreaks are a consequence of interactions among the three components of a host–parasite system: the infectious agent, the host and the environment. While virulence and transmission are widely investigated, most studies of parasite life-history trade-offs are conducted with theoretical models or tractable experimental systems where transmission is standardized and...
Impacts of sediment removal from and placement in coastal barrier island systems
Jennifer L. Miselis, James G. Flocks, Sara Zeigler, Davina Passeri, David R. Smith, Jill R. Bourque, Christopher R. Sherwood, Christopher G. Smith, Daniel J. Ciarletta, Kathryn E.L. Smith, Kristen Hart, David C. Kazyak, Alicia Berlin, Bianca Prohaska, Teresa Calleson, Kristi Yanchis
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1062
Executive SummaryOn June 24, 2019, Congressman Raul Grijalva of Arizona, Chair of the House Committee on Natural Resources, sent a letter to the directors of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey to request their assistance in answering questions regarding coastal sediment resource management within the...
Use of dissolved oxygen monitoring to evaluate phosphorus loading in Connecticut streams, 2015–18
Brittney Izbicki, Jonathan Morrison
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5024
The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP) has developed an interim phosphorus reduction strategy to establish water-quality-based phosphorus limits in nontidal freshwaters for industrial and municipal water pollution control facilities. A recommendation in the strategy included the addition of diurnal dissolved oxygen (DO) sampling to the sampling...
Short‐period surface‐wave tomography in the continental United States— A resource for research
R. B. Herrmann, C. J. Ammon, Harley M. Benz, A. Aziz-Zanjani, J. Boschelli
2021, Seismological Research Letters (92) 3642-3656
The variation of phase and group velocity dispersion of Love and Rayleigh waves was determined for the continental United States and adjacent Canada. By processing ambient noise from the broadband channels of the Transportable Array (TA) of USArray and several Program for the Array Seismic...
The liquefaction record of past earthquakes in the Central Virginia Seismic Zone, Eastern United States
Martitia P. Tuttle, Kathleen Dyer-Williams, Mark W. Carter, Steven L. Forman, Kathleen Tucker, Zamara Fuentes, Carlos Velez, Laurel Bauer
2021, Seismological Research Letters (92) 3126-3144
Following the 2011 moment magnitude, M">MM 5.7 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake, we conducted a search for paleoliquefaction features and found 41 sand dikes, sand sills, and soft‐sediment deformation features at 24 sites exposed in cutbanks along several rivers:...
Sediment concentrations and loads upstream from and through John Redmond Reservoir, east-central Kansas, 2010–19
Ariele R. Kramer, Cara L. Peterman-Phipps, Matthew D. Mahoney, Bradley S. Lukasz
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5037
Streambank erosion and reservoir sedimentation are primary concerns of resource managers in Kansas and throughout many regions of the United States and negatively affect flood control, water supply, and recreation. The Cottonwood and upper Neosho Rivers drain into John Redmond Reservoir, and since reservoir completion in 1964, there has been...
Accelerating ecological sciences from above: Spatial contrastive learning for remote sensing
Johan Bjorck, Qinru Shi, Brendan H. Rapazzo, Jennifer Dean, Angela K. Fuller, Carrie Brown-Lima, Carla Gomes
2021, Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (35)
The rise of neural networks has opened the door for automatic analysis of remote sensing data. A challenge to using this machinery for computational sustainability is the necessity of massive labeled data sets, which can be cost-prohibitive for many non-profit organizations. The primary motivation for this work is one such...
