Tropicalization of temperate ecosystems in North America: The northward range expansion of tropical organisms in response to warming winter temperatures
Michael Osland, Philip Stevens, Margaret Lamont, Richard Brusca, Kristen Hart, Hardin Waddle, Catherine Langtimm, Caroline Williams, Barry Keim, Adam Terando, Eric Reyier, Katie Marshall, Michael E. Loik, Ross Boucek, Amanda Lewis, Jeffrey A. Seminoff
2021, Global Change Biology (27) 3009-3034
Tropicalization is a term used to describe the transformation of temperate ecosystems by poleward‐moving tropical organisms in response to warming temperatures. In North America, decreases in the frequency and intensity of extreme winter cold events are expected to allow the poleward range expansion of many cold‐sensitive...
An attention U-Net model for detection of fine-scale hydrologic streamlines
Zewei Xu, Shaowen Wang, Larry Stanislawski, Zhe Jiang, Nattapon Jaroenchai, Arpan Man Sainju, Ethan J. Shavers, E. Lynn Usery, Li Chen, Zhiyu Li, Bin Su
2021, Environmental Modelling & Software (140)
Surface water is an irreplaceable resource for human survival and environmental sustainability. Accurate, finely detailed cartographic representations of hydrologic streamlines are critically important in various scientific domains, such as assessing the quantity and quality of present and future water resources, modeling...
Detecting shrub recovery in sagebrush steppe: Comparing Landsat-derived maps with field data on historical wildfires
Cara Applestein, Matthew J. Germino
2021, Fire Ecology (17)
BackgroundThe need for basic information on spatial distribution and abundance of plant species for research and management in semiarid ecosystems is frequently unmet. This need is particularly acute in the large areas impacted by megafires in sagebrush steppe ecosystems, which require frequently updated information about increases in exotic...
Production of haploid gynogens to inform genomic resource development in the paleotetraploid pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus)
Richard Flamio Jr., Kimberly Chojnacki, Aaron J. Delonay, Marlene J Dodson, Rachel M. Gocker, Jill Jenkins, Jeffrey Powell, Edward J. Heist
2021, Aquaculture (538)
Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefishes) is an ancient lineage of osteichthyan fishes (>200 million years old) with most extant species at conservation risk. A relatively basal species, the pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus, is a federally endangered species native to the Mississippi and Missouri River basins. Hybridization with sympatric shovelnose sturgeon,...
Patterns of bubble bursting and weak explosive activity in an active lava lake—Halema‘uma‘u, Kīlauea, 2015
Bianca G. Mintz, Bruce F. Houghton, Edward W. Llewellin, Tim R. Orr, Jacopo Taddeucci, Rebecca J. Carey, Ulrich Kueppers, Damien Gaudin, Matthew R. Patrick, Michael Burton, Piergiorgio Scarlato, Alessandro La Spina
2021, Professional Paper 1867-E
The rise of the Halemaʻumaʻu lava lake in 2013–2018 to depths commonly 40 meters or less below the rim of the vent was an excellent opportunity to study outgassing and the link to associated eruptive activity. We use videography to investigate the rise and bursting of bubbles through the free...
Phragmites coloring cheet
Taaja Tucker, Samantha Tank
2021, Newsletter
No abstract available....
Analysis of archival specimens confirms White-nose syndrome in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) from New York, USA, in spring 2007
Saskia Keller, Jeffrey M. Lorch, Brenda M. Berlowski-Zier, Anne Ballmann, David S. Blehert
2021, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (57) 457-460
White-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging fungal disease of North American bats, was first diagnosed in January 2008, although mortality and photo-documentation suggest the disease may have been present earlier. Using archived samples, we describe a definitive case of WNS in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) from New York, USA, in...
Feral swine as sources of fecal contamination in recreational waters
Anna M. McKee, Paul M. Bradley, David Shelley, Shea McCarthy, Marirosa Molina
2021, Scientific Reports (11)
Recreational waters are primary attractions at many national and state parks where feral swine populations are established, and thus are possible hotspots for visitor exposure to feral swine contaminants. Microbial source tracking (MST) was used to determine spatial and temporal patterns of fecal contamination in Congaree...
Patterns of conifer invasion following prescribed fire in grasslands and oak woodlands of Redwood National Park, California
Phillip J. van Mantgem, Micah C. Wright, Eamon A. Engber
2021, Restoration Ecology (29)
The invasion, or “encroachment”, of native conifers commonly occurs in the absence of frequent fire in deciduous woodlands and grasslands of the Pacific Northwest, USA. To effectively target restoration activities, managers require a better understanding of the outcomes of prescribed fire and the spatial patterns of conifer invasions. We examined...
The imminent calving retreat of Taku Glacier
Christopher J. McNeil, Jason Amundson, Shad O’Neel, Roman Motyka, Louis C. Sass, Martin Truffer, Jenna Ziemann, Seth Campbell
2021, Eos, American Geophysical Union
Along the rugged Southeast Alaska coast, 30 kilometers northeast of the state capital Juneau, a tidewater glacier has largely defied global trends by steadily advancing for most of the past century while most glaciers on Earth retreated. This 55-kilometer-long and nearly 1,500-meter-thick tidewater glacier, named Taku Glacier, or T'aaḵú Ḵwáan Sít'i in...
A 100-km wide slump along the upper slope of the Canadian Arctic was likely preconditioned for failure by brackish pore water flushing
C. K. Paull, S.R. Dallimore, D.W. Caress, R. Gwiazda, E. Lundsten, K. Anderson, H. Melling, Y.K. Jin, M.J. Duchesne, Kang S-G., S. Kim, M. Riedel, E.L. King, Thomas Lorenson
2021, Marine Geology (435)
Exploration of the continental slope of the Canadian Beaufort Sea has revealed a remarkable coalescence of slide scars with headwalls between 130 and 1100 m water depth (mwd). With increased depth, the scars widen and merge into one gigantic regional slide...
Retreat, detour or advance? Understanding the movements of birds confronting the Gulf of Mexico
Theodore J. Zenzal Jr., Michael P. Ward, Robert H. Diehl, Jeffrey J. Buler, Jaclyn Ann Smolinsky, Jill L. Deppe, Rachel T Bolus, Antonio Celis-Murillo, Frank R. Moore
2021, Oikos (130) 739-752
During migration, birds must locate stopover habitats that provide sufficient resources to rest and refuel while en route to the breeding or non-breeding area. Long-distance migrants invariably encounter inhospitable geographic features, the edges of which are often characterized by habitat limited in food and safety. In response, they often depart...
A structured approach to remediation site assessment: Lessons from 15 years of fish spawning habitat creation in the St. Clair‐Detroit River system
J. Fischer, Edward F. Roseman, Christine Mayer, Todd Wills, Lynn Vaccaro, Jennifer Read, Bruce A. Manny, Gregory W. Kennedy, Roseanne Ellison, Richard Drouin, Robin DeBruyne, Aline Cotel, Justin A. Chiotti, James C. Boase, David Bennion
2021, Restoration Ecology (29)
Ideally, restoration re‐establishes natural processes in degraded habitats (e.g., flow and sediment regimes). However, in altered systems where process‐based restoration is not feasible, habitat construction is another approach to mitigate degradation. Because habitat construction does not directly focus on restoring processes that build and maintain desired habitats, projects must be...
Ungaged inflow and loss patterns in urban and agricultural sub‐reaches of the Logan River Observatory
Hyrum Tennant, Bethany Neilson, Matthew P. Miller, Tianfang Xu
2021, Hydrological Processes (35)
Streams in semi‐arid urban and agricultural environments are often heavily diverted for anthropogenic purposes. However, they simultaneously receive substantial inflows from a variety of ungaged sources including stormwater returns, tile drainage, and irrigation runoff that help sustain flow during dry periods. Due to the inability to...
Carbon fluxes and microbial activities from boreal peatlands experiencing permafrost thaw
Mark Waldrop, Jack McFarland, Kristen L. Manies, Mary-Cathrine Leewis, Steve Blazewicz, Miriam C. Jones, Rebecca Neumann, Jason Keller, Rachel Cohen, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Colin W. Edgar, Merritt R. Turetsky, William Cable
2021, Journal of Geophysical Research- Biogeosciences (126)
Permafrost thaw in northern ecosystems may cause large quantities of carbon (C) to move from soil to atmospheric pools. Because soil microbial communities play a critical role in regulating C fluxes from soils, we examined microbial activity and greenhouse gas production soon after permafrost thaw and ground...
Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation information collected for the 2015 U.S. Geological Survey estimated use of water in the United States
Jaime A. Painter, Justin T. Brandt, Rodney R. Caldwell, Jonathan V. Haynes, Amy L. Read
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5139
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Use Science Project strives to report water-use estimates using the best available information for the period of the estimates. The information available on water used for irrigation activities varies from State to State and in some areas from county to county within a State,...
Evolution of fluid transmissivity and strength recovery of shear fractures under hydrothermal conditions
Tamara Nicole Jeppson, David A. Lockner, Brian D. Kilgore, Nicholas M. Beeler, Joshua M. Taron
2021, Conference Paper, Proceedings, 46th Workshop on geothermal reservoir engineering
Geothermal systems rely on the presence of long-lived and high-volume, permeable fracture systems. The creation, reactivation, and sustainability of these systems depend on complex coupling among thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical (THMC) processes occurring in geothermal reservoirs. In part due to a paucity of experimental data, the evolution of fractures...
Subsurface characterization and machine learning predictions at Brady Hot Springs
Koenraad F. Beckers, Dmitry Duplyakin, Michael J. Martin, Henry E. Johnston, Drew L. Siler
2021, Conference Paper, Proceedings 46th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering
Subsurface data analysis, reservoir modeling, and machine learning (ML) techniques have been applied to the Brady Hot Springs (BHS) geothermal field in Nevada, USA to further characterize the subsurface and assist with optimizing reservoir management. Hundreds of reservoir simulations have been conducted in TETRAD-G and CMG STARS to explore different...
Changes in rocky intertidal community structure during a marine heatwave in the northern Gulf of Alaska
Ben Weitzman, Brenda Konar, Katrin Iken, Heather Coletti, Daniel Monson, Robert M. Suryan, Thomas Dean, D. Hondolero, Mandy Lindeberg
2021, Frontiers in Marine Science (8)
Marine heatwaves are global phenomena that can have major impacts on the structure and function of coastal ecosystems. By mid-2014, the Pacific Marine Heatwave (PMH) was evident in intertidal waters of the northern Gulf of Alaska and persisted for multiple years. While offshore marine ecosystems are known to...
Long-term changes in kelp forests in an inner basin of the Salish Sea
H.D. Berry, T.F. Mumford, M. Calloway, L. Ferrier, B. Christiaen, P. Dowty, Eric E. Grossman, Nathan R. vanArendonk
2021, PLoS (16)
Kelp forests form an important biogenic habitat that responds to natural and human drivers. Global concerns exist about threats to kelp forests, yet long-term information is limited and research suggests that trends are geographically distinct. We examined distribution of the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana over 145 years in South Puget Sound (SPS),...
Stewardship and management of freshwater ecosystems: From Leopold's land ethic to a freshwater ethic
Steven J. Cooke, Abigail J. Lynch, John J. Piccolo, Julian D. Olden, Andrea J. Reid, Steve J. Ormerod
2021, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (6) 1499-1511
In 1949, Aldo Leopold formalized the concept of the ‘land ethic’, in what emerged as a foundational and transformational way of thinking about natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, and stewardship in terrestrial systems. Yet, the land ethic has inherent linkages to aquatic ecosystems; Leopold himself conducted research on rivers...
Community attachment and stewardship identity influence responsibility to manage wildlife
Adam C. Landon, David C. Fulton, Amit Pradhananga, Lou Cornicelli, Mae A. Davenport
2021, Society & Natural Resources: An International Journal (34) 571-584
Managing wildlife in landscapes under private ownership requires partnership between landowners, resource users, and governing agencies. Agencies often call on landowners to voluntarily change their practices to achieve collective goals. Landowner support for management action is partially a function of normative beliefs about managing wildlife. Understanding factors that support development...
Drought stress and hurricane defoliation influence mountain clouds and moisture recycling in a tropical forest
Martha A. Scholl, Maoya Bassiouni, Angel J. Torres-Sanchez
2021, PNAS (118)
Mountain ranges generate clouds, precipitation, and perennial streamflow for water supplies, but the role of forest cover in mountain hydrometeorology and cloud formation is not well understood. In the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico, mountains are immersed in clouds nightly, providing a steady precipitation source to support the tropical...
Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head, water temperature, and chemical constituents in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2014–18
Brian V. Twining, Roy C. Bartholomay, Jason C. Fisher, Calvin Anderson
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5002
Radiochemical and chemical wastewater discharged to infiltration ponds and disposal wells since the early 1950s at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), southeastern Idaho, has affected the water quality of the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer. In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of...
Spatial and temporal variability of nutrients and algae in the Republican River and Milford Lake, Kansas, June through November 2017 and May through November 2018
Brianna M. Leiker, Justin R. Abel, Jennifer L. Graham, Guy M. Foster, Lindsey R. King, Tom C. Stiles, Riley P. Buley
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5135
Milford Lake has been listed as impaired and designated hypereutrophic because of excessive nutrient loading, specifically biologically available orthophosphate. It is the largest lake by surface area in Kansas and is a reservoir built for purposes including water supply and recreation. In 2015, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment...
