A structured approach to remediation site assessment: Lessons from 15 years of fish spawning habitat creation in the St. Clair‐Detroit River system
J. Fischer, Edward F. Roseman, Christine Mayer, Todd Wills, Lynn Vaccaro, Jennifer Read, Bruce A. Manny, Gregory W. Kennedy, Roseanne Ellison, Richard Drouin, Robin DeBruyne, Aline Cotel, Justin A. Chiotti, James C. Boase, David Bennion
2021, Restoration Ecology (29)
Ideally, restoration re‐establishes natural processes in degraded habitats (e.g., flow and sediment regimes). However, in altered systems where process‐based restoration is not feasible, habitat construction is another approach to mitigate degradation. Because habitat construction does not directly focus on restoring processes that build and maintain desired habitats, projects must be...
Ungaged inflow and loss patterns in urban and agricultural sub‐reaches of the Logan River Observatory
Hyrum Tennant, Bethany Neilson, Matthew P. Miller, Tianfang Xu
2021, Hydrological Processes (35)
Streams in semi‐arid urban and agricultural environments are often heavily diverted for anthropogenic purposes. However, they simultaneously receive substantial inflows from a variety of ungaged sources including stormwater returns, tile drainage, and irrigation runoff that help sustain flow during dry periods. Due to the inability to...
Carbon fluxes and microbial activities from boreal peatlands experiencing permafrost thaw
Mark Waldrop, Jack McFarland, Kristen L. Manies, Mary-Cathrine Leewis, Steve Blazewicz, Miriam C. Jones, Rebecca Neumann, Jason Keller, Rachel Cohen, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Colin W. Edgar, Merritt R. Turetsky, William Cable
2021, Journal of Geophysical Research- Biogeosciences (126)
Permafrost thaw in northern ecosystems may cause large quantities of carbon (C) to move from soil to atmospheric pools. Because soil microbial communities play a critical role in regulating C fluxes from soils, we examined microbial activity and greenhouse gas production soon after permafrost thaw and ground...
Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation information collected for the 2015 U.S. Geological Survey estimated use of water in the United States
Jaime A. Painter, Justin T. Brandt, Rodney R. Caldwell, Jonathan V. Haynes, Amy L. Read
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5139
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Use Science Project strives to report water-use estimates using the best available information for the period of the estimates. The information available on water used for irrigation activities varies from State to State and in some areas from county to county within a State,...
Evolution of fluid transmissivity and strength recovery of shear fractures under hydrothermal conditions
Tamara Nicole Jeppson, David A. Lockner, Brian D. Kilgore, Nicholas M. Beeler, Joshua M. Taron
2021, Conference Paper, Proceedings, 46th Workshop on geothermal reservoir engineering
Geothermal systems rely on the presence of long-lived and high-volume, permeable fracture systems. The creation, reactivation, and sustainability of these systems depend on complex coupling among thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical (THMC) processes occurring in geothermal reservoirs. In part due to a paucity of experimental data, the evolution of fractures...
Subsurface characterization and machine learning predictions at Brady Hot Springs
Koenraad F. Beckers, Dmitry Duplyakin, Michael J. Martin, Henry E. Johnston, Drew L. Siler
2021, Conference Paper, Proceedings 46th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering
Subsurface data analysis, reservoir modeling, and machine learning (ML) techniques have been applied to the Brady Hot Springs (BHS) geothermal field in Nevada, USA to further characterize the subsurface and assist with optimizing reservoir management. Hundreds of reservoir simulations have been conducted in TETRAD-G and CMG STARS to explore different...
Changes in rocky intertidal community structure during a marine heatwave in the northern Gulf of Alaska
Ben Weitzman, Brenda Konar, Katrin Iken, Heather Coletti, Daniel Monson, Robert M. Suryan, Thomas Dean, D. Hondolero, Mandy Lindeberg
2021, Frontiers in Marine Science (8)
Marine heatwaves are global phenomena that can have major impacts on the structure and function of coastal ecosystems. By mid-2014, the Pacific Marine Heatwave (PMH) was evident in intertidal waters of the northern Gulf of Alaska and persisted for multiple years. While offshore marine ecosystems are known to...
Long-term changes in kelp forests in an inner basin of the Salish Sea
H.D. Berry, T.F. Mumford, M. Calloway, L. Ferrier, B. Christiaen, P. Dowty, Eric E. Grossman, Nathan R. vanArendonk
2021, PLoS (16)
Kelp forests form an important biogenic habitat that responds to natural and human drivers. Global concerns exist about threats to kelp forests, yet long-term information is limited and research suggests that trends are geographically distinct. We examined distribution of the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana over 145 years in South Puget Sound (SPS),...
Stewardship and management of freshwater ecosystems: From Leopold's land ethic to a freshwater ethic
Steven J. Cooke, Abigail J. Lynch, John J. Piccolo, Julian D. Olden, Andrea J. Reid, Steve J. Ormerod
2021, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (6) 1499-1511
In 1949, Aldo Leopold formalized the concept of the ‘land ethic’, in what emerged as a foundational and transformational way of thinking about natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, and stewardship in terrestrial systems. Yet, the land ethic has inherent linkages to aquatic ecosystems; Leopold himself conducted research on rivers...
Community attachment and stewardship identity influence responsibility to manage wildlife
Adam C. Landon, David C. Fulton, Amit Pradhananga, Lou Cornicelli, Mae A. Davenport
2021, Society & Natural Resources: An International Journal (34) 571-584
Managing wildlife in landscapes under private ownership requires partnership between landowners, resource users, and governing agencies. Agencies often call on landowners to voluntarily change their practices to achieve collective goals. Landowner support for management action is partially a function of normative beliefs about managing wildlife. Understanding factors that support development...
Drought stress and hurricane defoliation influence mountain clouds and moisture recycling in a tropical forest
Martha A. Scholl, Maoya Bassiouni, Angel J. Torres-Sanchez
2021, PNAS (118)
Mountain ranges generate clouds, precipitation, and perennial streamflow for water supplies, but the role of forest cover in mountain hydrometeorology and cloud formation is not well understood. In the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico, mountains are immersed in clouds nightly, providing a steady precipitation source to support the tropical...
Multilevel groundwater monitoring of hydraulic head, water temperature, and chemical constituents in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2014–18
Brian V. Twining, Roy C. Bartholomay, Jason C. Fisher, Calvin Anderson
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5002
Radiochemical and chemical wastewater discharged to infiltration ponds and disposal wells since the early 1950s at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), southeastern Idaho, has affected the water quality of the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer. In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of...
Spatial and temporal variability of nutrients and algae in the Republican River and Milford Lake, Kansas, June through November 2017 and May through November 2018
Brianna M. Leiker, Justin R. Abel, Jennifer L. Graham, Guy M. Foster, Lindsey R. King, Tom C. Stiles, Riley P. Buley
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5135
Milford Lake has been listed as impaired and designated hypereutrophic because of excessive nutrient loading, specifically biologically available orthophosphate. It is the largest lake by surface area in Kansas and is a reservoir built for purposes including water supply and recreation. In 2015, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment...
Opinion: A preferred approach for dealing with reproducibility and replicability in science
James D. Nichols, Madan K. Oli, William L. Kendall, G. Scott Boomer
2021, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (118) 1-5
Science impacts our daily lives and guides national and international policies (1). Thus, results of scientific studies are of paramount importance; yet, there are concerns that many studies are not reproducible or replicable (2). To address these concerns, the National Research Council conducted a Consensus Study [NASEM 2019...
Shade, light, and stream temperature responses to riparian thinning in second-growth redwood forests of northern California
David Roon, Jason B. Dunham, Jeremiah D Groom
2021, PLoS ONE (16)
Resource managers in the Pacific Northwest (USA) actively thin second-growth forests to accelerate the development of late-successional conditions and seek to expand these restoration thinning treatments into riparian zones. Riparian forest thinning, however, may impact stream temperatures–a key water quality parameter often regulated to protect stream habitat and aquatic organisms....
Modeling how to achieve localized areas of reduced white-tailed deer density
Amanda N. Van Buskirk, Christopher S. Rosenberry, Bret D. Wallingford, Emily Just Domoto, Marc E. McDill, Patrick Drohan, Duane R. Diefenbach
2021, Ecological Modelling (442)
Localized management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) involves the removal of matriarchal family units with the intent to create areas of reduced deer density. However, application of this approach has not always been successful, possibly because of female dispersal and high deer densities. We developed a spatially explicit, agent-based model...
The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mast camera zoom (Mastcam-Z) multispectral, stereoscopic imaging investigation
J. F. Bell III, J. N. Maki, G. L. Mehall, M. A. Ravine, M. A. Caplinger, Z. J. Bailey, S. Brylow, J. A. Schaffner, K. M. Kinch, M. B. Madsen, A. Winhold, A. G. Hayes, P. Corlies, C. Tate, M. Barrington, E. Cisneros, E. Jensen, Katy L. Parise, Kelon Crawford, C. Rojas, L. Mehall, J. Joseph, J. B. Proton, N. Cluff, R. G. Deen, B. Betts, Edward A. Cloutis, A. J. Coates, Anthony Colaprete, K. S. Edgett, B. L. Ehlmann, Sarah A. Fagents, J. P. Grotzinger, C. Hardgrove, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Briony H. N. Horgan, R. Jaumann, J. R. Johnson, M. T. Lemmon, G. Paar, M Caballo-Perucha, S. Gupta, C Traxler, F. Preusker, M. S. Rice, M. S. Robinson, N. Schmitz, R. Sullivan, M. J. Wolff
2021, Space Science Reviews (217)
Mastcam-Z is a multispectral, stereoscopic imaging investigation on the Mars 2020 mission’s Perseverance rover. Mastcam-Z consists of a pair of focusable, 4:1 zoomable cameras that provide broadband red/green/blue and narrowband 400-1000 nm color imaging with fields of view from 25.6° × 19.2° (26 mm focal length at 283 μrad/pixel) to 6.2° × 4.6° (110 mm focal length at 67.4 μrad/pixel). The...
Geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Cherokee Platform area of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Missouri
Ronald M. Drake II, Joseph R. Hatch
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5110
In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey completed a geology-based assessment to estimate the volumes of undiscovered, technically recoverable petroleum resources in the Cherokee Platform Province area of southeastern Kansas, northeastern Oklahoma, and southwestern Missouri. The U.S. Geological Survey identified four stratigraphic intervals that contain petroleum source rocks: (1) thin shales...
Does taxonomic and numerical resolution affect the assessment of invertebrate community structure in New World freshwater wetlands?
Mateus M. Pires, Marta G. Grech, Cristina Stenert, Leonardo Maltchik, Luis B. Epele, Kyle McLean, Jamie M. Kneitel, Douglas A. Bell, Hamish S. Greig, Chase R. Gagne, Darold P. Batzer
2021, Ecological Indicators (125)
The efficiency of biodiversity assessments and biomonitoring studies is commonly challenged by limitations in taxonomic identification and quantification approaches. In this study, we assessed the effects of different taxonomic and numerical resolutions on a range of community structure metrics in invertebrate compositional data sets from six regions distributed across North...
Uncovering process domains in large rivers: Patterns and potential drivers of benthic substrate heterogeneity in two North American riverscapes
E.A Scholl, W. F. Cross, C. V. Baxter, Christopher S. Guy
2021, Geomorphology (375) 1-15
Identifying and understanding functional process domains (sensu Montgomery, 1999) in rivers is paramount for linking the physical habitat template to ecosystem structure and function. To date, efforts to do this have been rare, especially in large rivers, as they require appropriate tools for quantifying habitat heterogeneity with fine-scale resolution across...
Evaluating lethal toxicant doses for the largest individuals of an invasive vertebrate predator with indeterminate growth
Shane R. Siers, Scott Michael Goetz, Rachel M. Volsteadt, Melia G. Nafus
2021, Management of Biological Invasions (12) 476-494
The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally introduced to Guam and caused severe ecological and economic damages. Acetaminophen is an effective, low-risk oral toxicant for invasive brown treesnakes, and an automated aerial delivery system (ADS) has been developed for landscape-scale toxic bait distribution. A fixed dose of 80 mg of...
Improving the ability of a BACI design to detect impacts within a kelp‐forest community
Andrew Rassweiler, Daniel K Okamoto, Daniel C. Reed, David J Kushner, Donna M Schroeder, Kevin D. Lafferty
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Distinguishing between human impacts and natural variation in abundance remains difficult because most species exhibit complex patterns of variation in space and time. When ecological monitoring data are available, a before‐after‐control‐impact (BACI) analysis can control natural spatial and temporal variation to better identify an impact and estimate its magnitude. However,...
The role of hydrates, competing chemical constituents, and surface composition on CLNO2 formation
Haley M. Royer, Dhruv Mitroo, Sarah M. Hayes, Savannah Haas, Kerri A Pratt, Patricia Blackwelder, Thomas E. Gill, Cassandra J. Gaston
2021, Environmental Science Technology (55) 2869-2877
Atomic chlorine (Cl•) affects air quality and atmospheric oxidizing capacity. Nitryl chloride (ClNO2) – a common Cl• source–forms when chloride-containing aerosols react with dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5). A recent study showed that saline lakebed (playa) dust is an inland source of particulate chloride (Cl–)...
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in escaped mink, Utah, USA
Susan A. Shriner, Jeremeny E. Ellis, J. Jeffrey Root, Annette Roug, Scott R. Stopak, Gerald W. Wiscomb, Jared R. Zierenberg, Hon S. Ip, Mia K. Torchetti, Thomas J. DeLiberto
2021, Emerging Infectious Diseases (27) 988-990
In August 2020, outbreaks of coronavirus disease were confirmed on mink farms in Utah, USA. We surveyed mammals captured on and around farms for evidence of infection or exposure. Free-ranging mink, presumed domestic escapees, exhibited high antibody titers, suggesting a potential severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus...
Cloud-native repositories for big scientific data
Ryan Abernathey, Tom Augspurger, Anderson Banihirwe, Charles C. Blackmon-Luca, Timothy Crone, Chelle Gentemann, Joseph Hamman, Naomi Henderson, Chiara Lepore, Theo McCaie, Niall Robinson, Richard P. Signell
2021, Computing in Science and Engineering (23) 26-35
Scientific data have traditionally been distributed via downloads from data server to local computer. This way of working suffers from limitations as scientific datasets grow toward the petabyte scale. A “cloud-native data repository,” as defined in this article, offers several advantages over traditional data repositories—performance, reliability,...
