Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA
Bryan D. Spindler, Steven R. Chipps, Robert A. Klumb, Brian D. S. Graeb, Michael C. Wimberly
2012, Endangered Species Research (16) 225-234
The pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus is a federally endangered species native to the Missouri and lower Mississippi Rivers, USA. As part of recovery efforts, over 360000 pallid sturgeon have been stocked into the Missouri River since 1994, and a standardized, long-term monitoring program was initiated in 2003. Understanding the distribution...
Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)
J.A. Volk, J.R. Scudlark, K.B. Savidge, A.S. Andres, R.J. Stenger, W.J. Ullman
2012, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (96) 139-150
Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative subwatershed were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the...
Tritium plume dynamics in the shallow unsaturated zone adjacent to an arid waste-disposal facility, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada
S.R. Maples
2012, Thesis
No abstract available....
Numerical models of salt marsh evolution: Ecological, geomorphic, and climatic factors
S. Fagherazzi, M. L. Kirwan, S.M. Mudd, G.R. Guntenspergen, S. Temmerman, A. D'Alpaos, J. Van De Koppel, J.M. Rybczyk, E. Reyes, C. Craft, J. Clough
2012, Reviews of Geophysics (50)
Salt marshes are delicate landforms at the boundary between the sea and land. These ecosystems support a diverse biota that modifies the erosive characteristics of the substrate and mediates sediment transport processes. Here we present a broad overview of recent numerical models that quantify the formation and evolution of salt...
PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology
Christina A. Kellogg, Yvette M. Piceno, Lauren M. Tom, Todd Z. DeSantis, David G. Zawada, Gary L. Andersen
2012, Journal of Microbiological Methods (88) 103-109
Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef...
El Niño-Southern oscillation variability from the late cretaceous marca shale of California
Andrew Davies, Alan E.S. Kemp, Graham P. Weedon, John A. Barron
2012, Geology (40) 15-18
Changes in the possible behavior of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with global warming have provoked interest in records of ENSO from past “greenhouse” climate states. The latest Cretaceous laminated Marca Shale of California permits a seasonal-scale reconstruction of water column flux events and hence interannual paleoclimate variability. The annual flux...
Holocene aridification of India
C. Ponton, L. Giosan, T.I. Eglinton, D.Q. Fuller, J.E. Johnson, P. Kumar, Timothy S. Collett
2012, Geophysical Research Letters (39)
Spanning a latitudinal range typical for deserts, the Indian peninsula is fertile instead and sustains over a billion people through monsoonal rains. Despite the strong link between climate and society, our knowledge of the long‐term monsoon variability is incomplete over the Indian subcontinent. Here we reconstruct the Holocene paleoclimate in...
Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota
Jeffrey H. Writer, Joseph N. Ryan, Steffanie H. Keefe, Larry B. Barber
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 860-868
The majority of previous research investigating the fate of endocrine-disrupting compounds has focused on single processes generally in controlled laboratory experiments, and limited studies have directly evaluated their fate and transport in rivers. This study evaluated the fate and transport of 4-nonylphenol, 17β-estradiol, and estrone in a 10-km reach of...
Microbial water quality before and after the repair of a failing onsite wastewater treatment system adjacent to coastal waters
K.E. Conn, M.Y. Habteselassie, Blackwood A. Denene, R.T. Noble
2012, Journal of Applied Microbiology (112) 214-224
Aims: The objective was to assess the impacts of repairing a failing onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS, i.e., septic system) as related to coastal microbial water quality. Methods and Results: Wastewater, groundwater and surface water were monitored for environmental parameters, faecal indicator bacteria (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci) and the...
Response of an algal assemblage to nutrient enrichment and shading in a Hawaiian stream
S.H. Stephens, A.M.D. Brasher, C.M. Smith
2012, Hydrobiologia (683) 135-150
To investigate the effects of nitrate enrichment, phosphate enrichment, and light availability on benthic algae, nutrient-diffusing clay flowerpots were colonized with algae at two sites in a Hawaiian stream during spring and autumn 2002 using a randomized factorial design. The algal assemblage that developed under the experimental conditions was investigated...
Occurrence and geochemistry of radium in water from principal drinking-water aquifer systems of the United States
Z. Szabo, Vincent T. DePaul, J.M. Fischer, T. F. Kraemer, E. Jacobsen
2012, Applied Geochemistry (27) 729-752
A total of 1270 raw-water samples (before treatment) were collected from 15 principal and other major aquifer systems (PAs) used for drinking water in 45 states in all major physiographic provinces of the USA and analyzed for concentrations of the Ra isotopes 224Ra, 226Ra and 228Ra establishing...
Migration of Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi): Evidence of freshwater resident life history types
Christian E. Zimmerman, P.S. Rand, M. Fukushima, S.F. Zolotukhin
2012, Environmental Biology of Fishes (93) 223-232
Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi) range from the Russian Far East mainland along the Sea of Japan coast, and Sakhalin, Kuril, and Hokkaido Islands and are considered to primarily be an anadromous species. We used otolith strontium-to-calcium ratios (Sr/Ca) to determine the chronology of migration between freshwater and saltwater and identify...
Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird
Anne E. Wiley, Andreanna J. Welch, P.H. Ostrom, Helen F. James, Craig A. Stricker, R.C. Fleischer, H. Gandhi, Josh Adams, D. G. Ainley, F. Duvall, N. Holmes, D. Hu, S. Judge, J. Penniman, K.A. Swindle
2012, Oecologia (168) 119-130
Foraging segregation may play an important role in the maintenance of animal diversity, and is a proposed mechanism for promoting genetic divergence within seabird species. However, little information exists regarding its presence among seabird populations. We investigated genetic and foraging divergence between two colonies of endangered Hawaiian petrels (Pterodroma sandwichensis)...
Hybrid-optimization algorithm for the management of a conjunctive-use project and well field design
Yung-Chia Chiu, Tracy Nishikawa, Peter Martin
2012, Ground Water (50) 103-117
Hi‐Desert Water District (HDWD), the primary water‐management agency in the Warren Groundwater Basin, California, plans to construct a waste water treatment plant to reduce future septic‐tank effluent from reaching the groundwater system. The treated waste water will be reclaimed by recharging the groundwater basin via recharge ponds as part of...
Temporal scaling of groundwater level fluctuations near a stream
K. E. Schilling, Y.-K. Zhang
2012, Ground Water (50) 59-67
Temporal scaling in stream discharge and hydraulic heads in riparian wells was evaluated to determine the feasibility of using spectral analysis to identify potential surface and groundwater interaction. In floodplains where groundwater levels respond rapidly to precipitation recharge, potential interaction is established if the hydraulic head (h) spectrum of riparian...
The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange
Ramon C. Naranjo, Richard G. Niswonger, Mark Stone, Clinton Davis, Alan McKay
2012, Water Resources Research (48)
We describe an approach for calibrating a two-dimensional (2-D) flow model of hyporheic exchange using observations of temperature and pressure to estimate hydraulic and thermal properties. A longitudinal 2-D heat and flow model was constructed for a riffle-pool sequence to simulate flow paths and flux rates for variable discharge conditions....
Quantifying riverine surface currents from time sequences of thermal infrared imagery
Jack A. Puleo, T.E. McKenna, K. T. Holland, J. Calantoni
2012, Water Resources Research (48)
River surface currents are quantified from thermal and visible band imagery using two methods. One method utilizes time stacks of pixel intensity to estimate the streamwise velocity at multiple locations. The other method uses particle image velocimetry to solve for optimal two-dimensional pixel displacements between successive frames. Field validation was...
Functional ecology of saltglands in shorebirds: Flexible responses to variable environmental conditions
J.S. Gutierrez, M.W. Dietz, J.A. Masero, Robert E. Gill Jr., Anne Dekinga, Phil F. Battley, J. M. Sanchez-Guzman, Theunis Piersma
2012, Functional Ecology (26) 236-244
1. Birds of marine environments have specialized glands to excrete salt, the saltglands. Located on the skull between the eyes, the size of these organs is expected to reflect their demand, which will vary with water turnover rates as a function of environmental (heat load, salinity of prey and drinking...
Mercury speciation and transport via submarine groundwater discharge at a southern California coastal lagoon system
P.M. Ganguli, Christopher H. Conaway, Peter W. Swarzenski, J. A. Izbicki, A.R. Flegal
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 1480-1488
We measured total mercury (HgT) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) concentrations in coastal groundwater and seawater over a range of tidal conditions near Malibu Lagoon, California, and used 222Rn-derived estimates of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to assess the flux of mercury species to nearshore seawater. We infer a groundwater-seawater mixing scenario based...
Identifying fluorescent pulp mill effluent in the Gulf of Maine and its watershed
Kaelin M. Cawley, Kenna D. Butler, George R. Aiken, Laurel G. Larsen, Thomas G. Huntington, Diane M. McKnight
2012, Marine Pollution Bulletin (64) 1678-1687
Using fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) we characterized and modeled the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in samples from the Penobscot River, Androscoggin River, Penobscot Bay, and the Gulf of Maine (GoM). We analyzed excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) using an existing PARAFAC model (Cory and McKnight, 2005)...
Copper(II) binding by dissolved organic matter: Importance of the copper-to-dissolved organic matter ratio and implications for the Biotic Ligand Model
Alison M. Craven, George R. Aiken, Joseph N. Ryan
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 9948-9955
The ratio of copper to dissolved organic matter (DOM) is known to affect the strength of copper binding by DOM, but previous methods to determine the Cu2+–DOM binding strength have generally not measured binding constants over the same Cu:DOM ratios. In this study, we used a competitive ligand exchange–solid-phase extraction...
Comparison of electrical conductivity calculation methods for natural waters
R. Blaine McCleskey, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Joseph N. Ryan
2012, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (10) 952-967
The capability of eleven methods to calculate the electrical conductivity of a wide range of natural waters from their chemical composition was investigated. A brief summary of each method is presented including equations to calculate the conductivities of individual ions, the ions incorporated, and the method's limitations. The ability of...
Elevated CO2 did not mitigate the effect of a short-term drought on biological soil crusts
Timothy M. Wertin, Susan L. Phillips, Sasha C. Reed, Jayne Belnap
2012, Biology and Fertility of Soils (48) 797-805
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are critical components of arid and semi-arid ecosystems that contribute significantly to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fixation, water retention, soil stability, and seedling recruitment. While dry-land ecosystems face a number of environmental changes, our understanding of how biocrusts may respond to such perturbation remains notably...
Hydrogen isotope investigation of amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in silicic magmas erupted at Lassen Volcanic Center, California
S.J. Underwood, T.C. Feeley, M.A. Clynne
2012, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (227-228) 32-49
Hydrogen isotope ratio, water content and Fe3 +/Fe2 + in coexisting amphibole and biotite phenocrysts in volcanic rocks can provide insight into shallow pre- and syn-eruptive magmatic processes such as vesiculation, and lava drainback with mixing into less devolatilized magma that erupts later in a volcanic sequence. We studied four...
A riverscape perspective of Pacific salmonids and aquatic habitats prior to large-scale dam removal in the Elwha River, Washington, USA
S.J. Brenkman, J.J. Duda, C.E. Torgersen, E. Welty, G.R. Pess, R. Peters, M.L. McHenry
2012, Fisheries Management and Ecology (19) 36-53
Dam removal has been increasingly proposed as a river restoration technique. In 2011, two large hydroelectric dams will be removed from Washington State’s Elwha River. Ten anadromous fish populations are expected to recolonise historical habitats after dam removal. A key to understanding watershed recolonisation is the collection of spatially continuous...
