A nuclear localization of the infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus NV protein is necessary for optimal viral growth
M.K. Choi, C. H. Moon, M.S. Ko, U.-H. Lee, W. Cho, S.J. Cha, J.W. Do, G.J. Heo, S.G. Jeong, Y.S. Hahm, A. Harmache, M. Bremont, Gael Kurath, J. W. Park
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
The nonvirion (NV) protein of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has been previously reported to be essential for efficient growth and pathogenicity of IHNV. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the NV supports the viral growth. In this study, cellular localization of NV and its role in...
Effects of reduction in porosity and permeability with depth on storage capacity and injectivity in deep saline aquifers: A case study from the Mount Simon Sandstone aquifer
C.R. Medina, J.A. Rupp, D.A. Barnes
2011, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control (5) 146-156
The Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone is recognized as a deep saline reservoir that has significant potential for geological sequestration in the Midwestern region of the United States. Porosity and permeability values collected from core analyses in rocks from this formation and its lateral equivalents in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and...
An Analysis of the Published Mineral Resource Estimates of the Haji-Gak Iron Deposit, Afghanistan
David M. Sutphin, Karine Renaud, Lawrence J. Drew
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 329-353
The Haji-Gak iron deposit of eastern Bamyan Province, eastern Afghanistan, was studied extensively and resource calculations were made in the 1960s by Afghan and Russian geologists. Recalculation of the resource estimates verifies the original estimates for categories A (in-place resources known in detail), B (in-place resources known in moderate detail),...
New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event
K. Goto, C. Chague-Goff, S. Fujino, J. Goff, Bruce Jaffe, Y. Nishimura, Bruce M. Richmond, D. Sugawara, Witold Szczucinski, D.R. Tappin, Robert C. Witter, E. Yulianto
2011, Marine Geology (290) 46-50
We report initial results from our recent field survey documenting the inundation and resultant deposits of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami from Sendai Plain, Japan. The tsunami inundated up to 4.5 km inland but the > 0.5 cm-thick sand deposit extended only 2.8 km (62% of the inundation distance). The deposit however continued as a...
Characterizing land surface change and levee stability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta using UAVSAR radar imagery
C. Jones, G. Bawden, S. Deverel, J. Dudas, S. Hensley
2011, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The islands of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta have been subject to subsidence since they were first reclaimed from the estuary marshlands starting over 100 years ago, with most of the land currently lying below mean sea level. This area, which is the primary water resource of the state of California,...
Making United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS) inclusive of marine biological resources
H. Moustahfid, J. Potemra, P. Goldstein, R. Mendelssohn, A. Desrochers
2011, Conference Paper, OCEANS'11 - MTS/IEEE Kona, Program Book
An important Data Management and Communication (DMAC) goal is to enable a multi-disciplinary view of the ocean environment by facilitating discovery and integration of data from various sources, projects and scientific domains. United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS) DMAC functional requirements are based upon guidelines for standardized data...
Use of habitats by female mallards wintering in Southwestern Louisiana
Paul T. Link, A. D. Afton, R. R. Cox Jr., B.E. Davis
2011, Waterbirds (34) 429-438
Habitat use by wintering Mallards (Anas platyrhychos) on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain (GCCP) has received little study and quantitative data is needed for management of GCCP waterfowl. Radio-telemetry techniques were used to record habitats used by 135 female Mallards during winters 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 in south-western Louisiana. Habitat use...
Unravelling long-term vegetation change patterns in a binational watershed using multitemporal land cover data and historical photography
M.L. Villarreal, Laura M. Norman, Robert Webb, Diane E. Boyer, R.E. Turner
2011, Conference Paper, 2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, Multi-Temp 2011 - Proceedings
A significant amount of research conducted in the Sonoran Desert of North America has documented, both anecdotally and empirically, major vegetation changes over the past century due to human land use activities. However, many studies lack coincidental landscape-scale data characterizing the spatial and temporal manifestation of these changes. Vegetation changes...
High-resolution three-dimensional imaging and analysis of rock falls in Yosemite valley, California
Gregory M. Stock, Gerald W. Bawden, J.K. Green, E. Hanson, G. Downing, Brian D. Collins, Sandra Bond, M. Leslar
2011, Geosphere (7) 573-581
We present quantitative analyses of recent large rock falls in Yosemite Valley, California, using integrated high-resolution imaging techniques. Rock falls commonly occur from the glacially sculpted granitic walls of Yosemite Valley, modifying this iconic landscape but also posing significant potential hazards and risks. Two large rock falls occurred from the...
Location and agricultural practices influence spring use of harvested cornfields by cranes and geese in Nebraska
Michael J. Anteau, Mark H. Sherfy, A.A. Bishop
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1004-1011
Millions of ducks, geese, and sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis; hereafter cranes) stop in the Central Platte River Valley (CPRV) of Nebraska to store nutrients for migration and reproduction by consuming corn remaining in fields after harvest. We examined factors that influence use of cornfields by cranes and geese (all mid‐continent...
Globally Gridded Satellite observations for climate studies
K.R. Knapp, S. Ansari, C.L. Bain, M.A. Bourassa, M.J. Dickinson, Chris Funk, C.N. Helms, C.C. Hennon, C.D. Holmes, G. J. Huffman, J.P. Kossin, H.-T. Lee, A. Loew, G. Magnusdottir
2011, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (92) 893-907
Geostationary satellites have provided routine, high temporal resolution Earth observations since the 1970s. Despite the long period of record, use of these data in climate studies has been limited for numerous reasons, among them that no central archive of geostationary data for all international satellites exists, full temporal and spatial...
Critical nitrogen deposition loads in high-elevation lakes of the western US inferred from paleolimnological records
J.E. Saros, David W. Clow, T. Blett, A.P. Wolfe
2011, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (216) 193-202
Critical loads of nitrogen (N) from atmospheric deposition were determined for alpine lake ecosystems in the western US using fossil diatom assemblages in lake sediment cores. Changes in diatom species over the last century were indicative of N enrichment in two areas, the eastern Sierra Nevada, starting between 1960 and...
Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia
J.E. Vidale, A.J. Hotovec, A. Ghosh, K. C. Creager, J. Gomberg
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) has been observed in many subduction zones, but its mechanical underpinnings as well as its potential for triggering damaging earthquakes have proven difficult to assess. Here we use a seismic array in Cascadia of unprecedented density to monitor seismicity around a moderate 16 day ETS...
Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model
Stephanie G. Prejean, Emily E. Brodsky
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116) B01306
In August 2008 an unmonitored, largely unstudied Aleutian volcano, Kasatochi, erupted catastrophically. Here we use seismic data to infer the height of large eruptive columns such as those of Kasatochi based on a combination of existing fluid and solid mechanical models. In so doing, we propose a connection between a...
Improving occupancy estimation when two types of observational error occur: Non-detection and species misidentification
David Miller, James D. Nichols, B.T. McClintock, Evan H. Campbell Grant, L.L. Bailey, L.A. Weir
2011, Ecology (92) 1422-1428
Efforts to draw inferences about species occurrence frequently account for false negatives, the common situation when individuals of a species are not detected even when a site is occupied. However, recent studies suggest the need to also deal with false positives, which occur when species are misidentified so that a...
Fish as major carbonate mud producers and missing components of the tropical carbonate factory
C.T. Perry, M.A. Salter, A.R. Harborne, S.F. Crowley, Howard L. Jelks, R.W. Wilson
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 3865-3869
Carbonate mud is a major constituent of recent marine carbonate sediments and of ancient limestones, which contain unique records of changes in ocean chemistry and climate shifts in the geological past. However, the origin of carbonate mud is controversial and often problematic to resolve. Here we show that tropical marine...
Informal and formal trail monitoring protocols and baseline conditions: Acadia National Park
Jeffrey L. Marion, Jeremy F. Wimpey, L. Park
2011, Report
At Acadia National Park, changing visitor use levels and patterns have contributed to an increasing degree of visitor use impacts to natural and cultural resources. To better understand the extent and severity of these resource impacts and identify effective management techniques, the park sponsored this research to develop monitoring protocols,...
Soil clay content underlies prion infection odds
W. David Walter, D.P. Walsh, Matthew L. Farnsworth, Dana L. Winkelman, M.W. Miller
2011, Nature Communications (2)
Environmental factors—especially soil properties—have been suggested as potentially important in the transmission of infectious prion diseases. Because binding to montmorillonite (an aluminosilicate clay mineral) or clay-enriched soils had been shown to enhance experimental prion transmissibility, we hypothesized that prion transmission among mule deer might also be enhanced in ranges with...
Monitoring the dynamics of an invasive emergent macrophyte community using operational remote sensing data
Thomas P. Albright, D.J. Ode
2011, Hydrobiologia (661) 469-474
Potamogeton crispus L. (curly pondweed) is a cosmopolitan aquatic macrophyte considered invasive in North America and elsewhere. Its range is expanding and, on individual water bodies, its coverage can be dynamic both within and among years. In this study, we evaluate the use of free and low-cost satellite...
Improving national-scale invasion maps: Tamarisk in the western United States
Catherine S. Jarnevich, P. Evangelista, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Jeffrey T. Morisette
2011, Western North American Naturalist (71) 164-175
New invasions, better field data, and novel spatial-modeling techniques often drive the need to revisit previous maps and models of invasive species. Such is the case with the at least 10 species of Tamarix, which are invading riparian systems in the western United States and expanding their range throughout...
Characterization of the Cretaceous aquifer structure of the Meskala region of the Essaouira Basin, Morocco
L. Hanich, L. Zouhri, J. Dinger
2011, Journal of African Earth Sciences (59) 313-322
The aquifer of early Cretaceous age in the Meskala region of the Essaouira Basin is defined by interpretation of geological drilling data of oil and hydrogeological wells, field measurement and analysis of in situ fracture orientations, and the application of a morphostructural method to identify lineaments. These analyzes are used...
An analysis of modern pollen rain from the Maya lowlands of northern Belize
T. Bhattacharya, T. Beach, David B. Wahl
2011, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (164) 109-120
In the lowland Maya area, pollen records provide important insights into the impact of past human populations and climate change on tropical ecosystems. Despite a long history of regional paleoecological research, few studies have characterized the palynological signatures of lowland ecosystems, a fact which lowers confidence in ecological inferences made...
Mapping rice areas of South Asia using MODIS multitemporal data
M.K. Gumma, A. Nelson, P.S. Thenkabail, A.N. Singh
2011, Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (5)
Our goal is to map the rice areas of six South Asian countries using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time-series data for the time period 2000 to 2001. South Asia accounts for almost 40% of the world's harvested rice area and is also home to 74% of the population that lives...
The indication of Martian gully formation processes by slope-area analysis
Susan J. Conway, Matthew R. Balme, John B. Murray, Martin C. Towner, Chris Okubo, Peter M. Grindrod
2011, Geological Society Special Publication (356) 171-201
The formation process of recent gullies on Mars is currently under debate. This study aims to discriminate between the proposed formation processes - pure water flow, debris flow and dry mass wasting - through the application of geomorphological indices commonly used in terrestrial geomorphology. High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of...
Nitrogen uptake by the shoots of smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora
T. J. Mozdzer, M. Kirwan, K. J. McGlathery, J. C. Zieman
2011, Marine Ecology Progress Series (433) 43-52
The smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora is the foundation species in intertidal salt marshes of the North American Atlantic coast. Depending on its elevation within the marsh, S. alterniflora may be submerged for several hours per day. Previous ecosystem-level studies have demonstrated that S. alterniflora marshes are a net sink for nitrogen (N), and that removal of...
