Postmortem evaluation of reintroduced migratory whooping cranes (Grus americana) in eastern North America
Taylor J. Yaw, Kimberli J.G. Miller, Julia S. Lankton, Barry K. Hartup
2020, Wildlife Disease (56) 673-678
We reviewed necropsy records of 124 Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) recovered following reintroduction of 268 individuals from 2001 to 2016 in the eastern US. Causes of death were determined in 62% (77/124) of cases facilitated by active monitoring that limited decomposition and scavenging artifact. The greatest proportions of mortality were...
Testing reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in North American unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems
Paul C. Hackley, Carla V. Araujo, Angeles G. Borrego, Antonis Bouzinos, Brian J. Cardott, H. Carvajal-Ortiz, Martha Rocio Lopez Cely, Vongani Chabalala, Peter J. Crosdale, Thomas D. Demchuk, Cortland F. Eble, Deolinda Flores, Agnieszka Furmann, Thomas Gentzis, Paula Goncalves, Carsten Guvad, M. Hamor-Vido, Iwona Jelonek, M. Johnston, Tatiana Juliao-Lemus, Stavros Kalaitzidis, Wayne Knowles, Jolanta Kus, Zhongsheng Li, Gordon Macleod, Maria Mastalerz, Taissa Rego Menezes, Seare Ocubalidet, Richard Orban, Walter Pickel, Paddy Ranasinghe, Joana Ribeiro, Olga Patricia Gomez Rojas, Ricardo Ruiz-Monroy, Jaques Schmidt, Abbas Seyedolali, Georgios Siavalas, Isabel Suarez-Ruiz, Carlos Vargas Vargas, Brett J. Valentine, Nicola Wagner, Bree Wrolson, Julian Esteban Jaramillo Zapata
2020, Marine and Petroleum Geology (114)
An interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted to test reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in six mudrock samples from United States unconventional source-rock reservoir petroleum systems. Samples selected from the Marcellus, Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Bakken and Woodford are...
Arsenic-related oxidative stress in experimentally dosed wild great tit nestlings
Pablo Sanchez-Virosta, Silvia Espin, Sandra Ruiz, Bineet Panda, Petteri Ilmonen, Sandra L. Schultz, Natalie Karouna-Renier, Antonio J. Garcia-Fernandez, Tapio Eeva
2020, Environmental Pollution (259)
Arsenic (As) is broadly distributed due to natural and anthropogenic sources, and it may cause adverse effects in birds. However, research on other elements (Pb, Hg and Cd) has been prioritized, resulting in scarce data on As exposure and related effects in wild birds. One of the mechanisms responsible for...
UAV-derived estimates of forest structure to inform ponderosa pine forest restoration
Adam Belmonte, Temuulen T. Sankey, Joel A. Biederman, John B. Bradford, Scott J. Goetz, Thomas Kolb, Travis Woolley
2020, Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation (6) 181-197
Restoring forest ecosystems has become an increasingly high priority for land managers across the American West. Millions of hectares of forest are in need of drastic yet strategic reductions in density (e.g., basal area). Meeting the restoration and management goals requires quantifying metrics of vertical and horizontal forest structure, which...
Time scales of arsenic variability and the role of high-frequency monitoring at three water-supply wells in New Hampshire, USA
James R. Degnan, Joseph P. Levitt, Melinda L. Erickson, Bryant C. Jurgens, Bruce D. Lindsey, Joseph D. Ayotte
2020, Science of the Total Environment (709)
Groundwater geochemistry, redox process classification, high-frequency physicochemical and hydrologic measurements, and climate data were analyzed to identify controls on arsenic (As) concentration changes. Groundwater was monitored in two public-supply wells (one glacial aquifer and one bedrock aquifer), and one bedrock-aquifer domestic well in New...
Not all fuel‐reduction treatments degrade biocrusts: Herbicides cause mostly neutral to positive effects on cover of biocrusts
Lea A. Condon, Margaret L Gray
2020, Land Degradation & Development (31) 1727-1734
In response to increasing fire, fuel‐reduction treatments are being used to minimize large fire risk. Although biocrusts are associated with reduced cover of fire‐promoting, invasive grasses, the impact of fuel‐reduction treatments on biocrusts is poorly understood. We use data from a long‐term experiment, the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project, testing...
A comparison of the Trojan Y Chromosome strategy to harvesting models for eradication of nonnative species
Jingjing Lyu, Pamela J. Schofield, Kristen Reaver, Matthew Beauregard, Rana D. Parshad
2020, Natural Resource Modeling (33)
The Trojan Y Chromosome strategy (TYC) is a promising eradication method for biological control of nonnative species. The strategy works by manipulating the sex ratio of a population through the introduction of supermales that guarantee male offspring. In the current study, we compare the TYC method with a pure harvesting strategy. We...
USGS near-real-time products-and their use-for the 2018 Anchorage earthquake
Eric M. Thompson, Sara K. McBride, Gavin P. Hayes, Kate E. Allstadt, Lisa Wald, David J. Wald, Keith L. Knudsen, Charles Worden, Kristin Marano, Randall W. Jibson, Alex R. Grant
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 94-113
In the minutes to hours after a major earthquake, such as the recent 2018 Mw">Mw 7.1 Anchorage event, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produces a suite of interconnected earthquake products that provides diverse information...
Reverberating effects of resource exchanges in stream–riparian food webs
Scott F. Collins, Colden V. Baxter, Amy M. Marcarelli, Laura Felicetti, Scott Florin, Mark S. Wipfli, Gregg Servheen
2020, Oecologia (192) 179-189
Fluxes of materials or organisms across ecological boundaries, often termed “resource subsidies,” directly affect recipient food webs. Few studies have addressed how such direct responses in one ecosystem may, in turn, influence the fluxes of materials or organisms to other habitats or the potential for feedback relationships to occur among...
Towards common ground in the biodiversity–disease debate
Jason R. Rohr, David J. Civitello, Fletcher W. Halliday, Peter J. Hudson, Kevin D. Lafferty, Chelsea L. Wood, Erin A. Mordecai
2020, Nature Ecology & Evolution (4) 24-33
The disease ecology community has struggled to come to consensus on whether biodiversity reduces or increases infectious disease risk, a question that directly affects policy decisions for biodiversity conservation and public health. Here, we summarize the primary points of contention regarding biodiversity–disease relationships and suggest that vector-borne, generalist wildlife and...
Dimensional effects of inter-phase mass transfer on attenuation of structurally trapped gaseous carbon dioxide in shallow aquifers
Jakub Solovsky, Radek Fucik, Michelle R. Plampin, Tissa H. Illangasekare, Jiri Mikyska
2020, Journal of Computational Physics (405)
Based on experimental evidence and using mathematical modeling, inter-phase mass transfer processes of CO2 exsolving from and dissolving into water in heterogeneous porous media are investigated under two fundamentally different flow conditions: in a quasi one dimensional vertical column and in a two-dimensional tank with a lateral background water flow, both...
Multi-scale habitat selection by Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in a fire-prone forest
Rachel V. Blakely, Rodney B. Siegel, Elisabeth B. Webb, Colin P. Dillingham, Matthew Johnson, Dylan C. Kesler
2020, Biological Conservation (241)
Increasing frequency and severity of wildfire may jeopardize persistence of large tracts of late seral forest, raising concerns over population viability of forest-dependent species like the Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). We tracked 20 adult Northern Goshawks with GPS loggers over 4 years to investigate roosting (nocturnal) and foraging (diurnal) habitat...
Parsing the effects of demography, climate, and management on recurrent brucellosis outbreaks in elk
Gavin G. Cotterill, Paul C. Cross, Jerod Merkle, JD Rogerson, BM Scurlock, Johan T. Du Toit
2020, Journal of Applied Ecology (2) 379-389
1. Zoonotic pathogens can harm human health and well-being directly or by impacting livestock. Pathogens that spillover from wildlife can also impair conservation efforts if humans perceive wildlife as pests. Brucellosis, caused by the bacterium Brucella abortus, circulates in elk and bison herds of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and poses...
Multiple conceptualizations of nature are key to inclusivity and legitimacy in global environmental governance
Luca Coscieme, Hakon da Silva Hyldmo, Alvaro Fernandez-Llamazares, Ignacio Palomo, Tuyeni H. Mwampamba, Odirilwe Selomane, Nadia Sitas, Pedro Jaureguiberry, Yasuo Takahashi, Michelle Lim, Maria P. Barral, Juliana S. Farinaci, Julio Diaz-Jose, Sonali Ghosh, Joyce Ojino, Amani Alassaf, Bernard N. Baatuuwie, Lenke Balint, Zeenatul Basher, Fanny Boeraeve, Sugeng Budiharta, R. Chen, Maylis Desrousseaux, Gregory Dowo, Catherine M. Febria, Houda Ghazi, Zuzanna V. Harmackova, R. Jaffe, Mphatso M. Kalemba, Cosmas K. Lambini, Felicia P.S. Lasmana, Assem A. A. Mohammed, Aidin Niamir, Patricio Pliscoff, Rahat Sabyrbekov, Anna A. Sidorovich, Uttam B. Shrestha, Laura Thompson, Mireia Valle
2020, Environmental Science and Policy (104) 36-42
Despite increasing scientific understanding of the global environmental crisis, we struggle to adopt the policies and practices science suggests we should. One of the reasons for this is the general absence of inclusive engagement and dialogue among a wide range of actors with distinct interactions with nature. Furthermore, there is...
Using integrated population models for insights into monitoring programs: An application using pink-footed geese
Fred Johnson, Guthrie S. Zimmerman, Gitte H. Jensen, Kevin K. Clausen, Morten Frederiksen, Jesper Madsen
2020, Ecological Modelling (415)
Development of integrated population models (IPMs) assume the absence of systematic bias in monitoring programs, yet many potential sources of systematic bias in monitoring data exist (e.g., under-counts of abundance). By integrating multiple sources of data, we can assess whether various sources of monitoring data provide consistent inferences about changes...
Gaps and hotspots in the state of knowledge of pinyon-juniper communities
Jessica A. Hartsell, Stella M. Copeland, Seth M. Munson, Bradley J. Butterfield, John B. Bradford
2020, Forest Ecology and Management (455)
Pinyon-juniper (PJ) plant communities cover a large area across North America and provide critical habitat for wildlife, biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and rich cultural resources. These communities occur across a variety of environmental gradients, disturbance regimes, structural conditions and species compositions, including three species of juniper and two species of...
Marking otoliths of Alligator Gar by immersion in oxytetracycline
Richard A. Snow, James M. Long, Michael J. Porta
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 669-674
Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula are increasingly being stocked to restore populations, making the need to identify stocked individuals important for monitoring. Oxytetracycline (OTC) immersion allows for large numbers of fish to be marked simultaneously, thus eliminating the need to handle fish individually, but protocols for doing so have not been investigated fully...
The mineral diversity of Jezero crater: Evidence for possible lacustrine carbonates on Mars
Briony H. N. Horgan, Ryan B. Anderson, G. Dromart, Elena S. Amador, Melissa S. Rice
2020, Icarus (339)
Noachian-aged Jezero crater is the only known location on Mars where clear orbital detections of carbonates are found in close proximity to clear fluvio-lacustrine features indicating the past presence of a paleolake; however, it is unclear whether or not the carbonates in Jezero are related to the lacustrine activity. This...
Classification of oil spill by thicknesses using multiple remote sensors
Oscar Garcia-Pineda, Gordon Staples, Cathleen E Jones, Chuanmin Hu, Benjamin Holt, Villy Kourafalou, George Graettinger, Lisa DiPinto, Ellen Ramirez, David Street, Jay Cho, Gregg A. Swayze, Shaojie Sun, Diana Garcia, Francisco Haces-Garcia
2020, Remote Sensing of Environment (236)
Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an operational tool for monitoring and assessment of oil spills. Satellite SAR has primarily been used to detect the presence/absence of oil, yet its ability to discriminate oil emulsions within a detected oil slick has...
Does vegetation change over 28 years affect habitat use and reproductive success?
Karolina Fierro-Calderón, Thomas E. Martin
2020, The Auk (137) 1-9
Individuals should prefer and use habitats that confer high fitness, but habitat use is not always adaptive. Vegetation in natural landscapes changes gradually and the ability of species to adaptively adjust their habitat use to long-term changes is largely unstudied. We studied nest patch and territory use over 28 yr...
Change points in annual peak streamflows: Method comparisons and historical change points in the United States
Karen R. Ryberg, Glenn A. Hodgkins, Robert W. Dudley
2020, Journal of Hydrology (583)
Change-point, or step-trend, detection is an active area of research in statistics and an area of great interest in hydrology because change points may be evidence of natural or anthropogenic changes in climatic, hydrologic, or landscape processes. A common change-point technique is the Pettitt test; however, many change-point methods are...
Asymptotic population abundance of a two-patch system with asymmetric diffusion
Mengting Fang, Yuanshi Wang, Mingshu Chen, Donald L. DeAngelis
2020, Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems-A (40) 3411-3425
This paper considers a two-patch system with asymmetric diffusion rates, in which exploitable resources are included. By using dynamical system theory, we exclude periodic solution in the one-patch subsystem and demonstrate its global dynamics. Then we exhibit uniform persistence of the two-patch system and demonstrate uniqueness of the positive equilibrium,...
Urbanization reduces genetic connectivity in bobcats (Lynx rufus) at both intra- and interpopulation spatial scales
Christpher P. Kozakiewicz, Christopher P. Burridge, W. Chris Funk, Patricia E. Salerno, Daryl R. Trumbo, Roderick B. Gagne, Erin E. Boydston, Robert N. Fisher, Lisa M. Lyren, Megan K. Jennings, Seth P. D. Riley, Laurel E.K. Serieys, Sue VandeWoude, Kevin R. Crooks, Scott Carver
2020, Molecular Ecology (28) 5068-5085
Urbanization is a major factor driving habitat fragmentation and connectivity loss in wildlife. However, the impacts of urbanization on connectivity can vary among species and even populations due to differences in local landscape characteristics, and our ability to detect these relationships may depend on the spatial scale at which they...
Predicting functional responses in agro-ecosystems from animal movement data to improve management of invasive pests
Mark Q. Wilber, Sarah M. Chinn, James C. Beasley, Raoul Boughton, Ryan K. Brook, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Justin W. Fischer, Stephen B. Hartley, Lindsey K. Holmstrom, John C. Kilgo, Jesse S. Lewis, Ryan S. Miller, Nathan P. Snow, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Samantha M. Wisely, Colleen T. Webb, Kim M. Pepin
2020, Ecological Applications (30)
Functional responses describe how changing resource availability affects consumer resource use, thus providing a mechanistic approach to prediction of the invasibility and potential damage of invasive alien species (IAS). However, functional responses can be context dependent, varying with resource characteristics and availability, consumer attributes, and environmental variables. Identifying context dependencies...
Hybridization and population genetics of Alligator Gar in Lake Texoma
Andrew T. Taylor, James M. Long, Raymond W. Snow, M. J. Porta
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 544-554
The Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula (AG) is a long-lived fish of growing management and conservation interest. Situated on the border of Texas and Oklahoma, Lake Texoma supports one of the last robust AG populations in Oklahoma; however, a genetic evaluation of this population is lacking. We genotyped AG individuals with 17 microsatellite...
