Lithospheric signature of late Cenozoic extension in electrical resistivity structure of the Rio Grande rift, New Mexico, USA
D. W. Feucht, Paul A. Bedrosian, Anne F Sheehan
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (124) 2331-2351
We present electrical resistivity models of the crust and upper mantle from two‐dimensional (2‐D) inversion of magnetotelluric (MT) data collected in the Rio Grande rift, New Mexico, USA. Previous geophysical studies of the lithosphere beneath the rift identified a low‐velocity zone several hundred kilometers wide, suggesting that the upper mantle...
Seed bank community and soil texture relationships in a cold desert
Jeffrey D. Haight, Sasha C. Reed, Akasha M. Faist
2019, Journal of Arid Environments (164) 46-52
Sustainable dryland management depends on understanding environmental factors driving composition of current and future ecological communities. While there has been extensive research on aboveground plant communities, less is known about belowground soil seed bank communities, which can reflect both past and potential future communities. In the Colorado Plateau of the...
Bioprocessed soybean meal replacement of fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets
Jill M. Voorhees, Steven R. Chipps, Michael Barnes, Pedro Gonzalez-Redondo
2019, Cogent Food & Agriculture (5)
This 125-day experiment evaluated the growth of adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed one of three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid). Fish meal was the primary protein source for the reference diet, which was compared to two other diets where bioprocessed soybean meal replaced 60% or 80%...
Communication strategies for reducing lead poisoning in wildlife and human health risks
John H. Schulz, Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, Elisabeth B. Webb, Christine Jie Li, Damon M. Hall
2019, Wildlife Society Bulletin (43) 131-140
Although lead poisoning in North American waterfowl has been reduced, it persists among other wildlife. To address this issue, we review lead poisoning in wildlife and threats to human health, describe the recent socio-political landscape, and develop a framework for reducing lead exposure related to hunting ammunition and fishing tackle....
Constraining the early eruptive history of the Mono Craters rhyolites, California, based on 238U–230Th isochron dating of their explosive and effusive products
Mae Marcaida, Jorge A. Vazquez, Mark E. Stelten, Jonathan S. Miller
2019, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (20) 1539-1556
The Mono Craters are an overlapping chain of at least 28 domes and coulees located south of Mono Lake, east central California, and represent the most recent eruptions of high‐silica rhyolite magma in the Mono Lake‐Long Valley volcanic region. Regionally widespread tephra fall deposits from the Mono Craters serve as...
Satellite-detected forest disturbance forecasts American marten population decline: The case for supportive space-based monitoring
John Clare, Shawn T. McKinney, Erin M. Simons-Legaard, John E. DePue, Cyndy Loftin
2019, Biological Conservation (233) 336-345
Limited monitoring resources often constrain rigorous monitoring practices to species or populations of conservation concern. Insufficient monitoring can induce a tautology as lack of monitoring resources makes it difficult to determine whether a species or population deserves additional monitoring resources. When in-situ monitoring resources are limited, remote habitat monitoring could...
Bridge scour countermeasure assessments at select bridges in the United States, 2016–18
Taylor J. Dudunake, Richard J. Huizinga, Ryan L. Fosness
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1008
In 2009, the Federal Highway Administration published Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 23 (HEC-23) to provide specific design and implementation guidelines for bridge scour and stream instability countermeasures. However, the effectiveness of countermeasures implemented over the past decade following those guidelines has not been evaluated. Therefore, in 2013, the U.S....
Planetary geologic mapping—Program status and future needs
James A. Skinner Jr., Alexandra E. Huff, Corey M. Fortezzo, Tenielle Gaither, Trent M. Hare, Marc A. Hunter, Holly Buban
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1012
The United States Geological Survey’s (USGS) Planetary Geologic Map Coordination Group (Flagstaff, Ariz.) surveyed planetary geoscience map makers and users to determine the importance, relevance, and usability of such products to their planetary science research and to current and future needs of the planetary science community. This survey was...
Trends in global shark attacks
Stephen R. Midway, Tyler Wagner, George H. Burgess
2019, PLoS ONE (14)
Shark attacks are a global phenomenon that attracts widespread attention and publicity, often with negative outcomes for shark populations. Despite the widespread perceptions of shark attacks, trends in human water activities and shark populations are both dynamic, resulting in variable rates of shark attacks over space and time. Understanding variable...
Mapping a keystone shrub species, huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum), using seasonal colour change in the Rocky Mountains
Carolyn R. Shores, Nathaniel Mikle, Tabitha A. Graves
2019, International Journal of Remote Sensing (40) 5695-5715
Black huckleberries (Vaccinium membranaceum) provide a critical food resource to many wildlife species, including apex omnivores such as the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos), and play an important socioeconomic role for many communities in western North America, especially indigenous peoples. Remote sensing imagery offers the potential for accurate landscape-level mapping of...
Long-term nitrogen addition shifts the soil nematode community to bacterivore-dominated and reduces its ecological maturity in a subalpine forest
E. Ashley Shaw, Claudia M. Boot, John C. Moore, Diana H. Wall, Jill Baron
2019, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (130) 177-184
Nitrogen deposition from anthropogenic sources is a global problem that reaches even the most remote ecosystems. Responses belowground vary by ecosystem, and have feedbacks to geochemical processes, including carbon storage. A long-term nitrogen addition study in a subalpine forest has shown carbon loss over time, atypical for a forest ecosystem. Loss of microbial biomass is likely linked to...
Applying concepts of general resilience to large river ecosystems: A case study from the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers
Kristen L. Bouska, Jeffrey N. Houser, Nathan R. De Jager, Molly Van Appledorn, James T. Rogala
2019, Ecological Indicators (101) 1094-1110
Large floodplain-river ecosystems are often highly modified to provide services that society desires, yet these modifications can limit an ecosystem’s ability to adapt to changing conditions. The adaptive capacity of an ecosystem, its general resilience, is a conceptual framework for considering how a system will respond to such changes. We...
Escherichia coli and microbial source tracking marker concentrations in and near a constructed wetland in Maumee Bay State Park, Oregon, Ohio, 2015–16
Christopher M. Kephart, Amie M.G. Brady, Ryan W. Jackwood
2019, Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5127
Elevated Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations at the Maumee Bay State Park (MBSP) Lake Erie beach have resulted in frequent recreational water-quality advisories. After the construction of a wetland along Berger Ditch in Maumee Bay State Park, Oregon, Ohio, samples were collected and analyzed for concentrations of E. coli and...
Effects of life history and reproduction on recruitment time lags in reintroductions of rare plants
Matthew A. Albrecht, Oyomoare L. Osazuwa-Peters, Joyce Maschinski, Timothy J. Bell, Marlin L. Bowles, William E. Brumback, Janice Duquesnel, Michael Kunz, Jimmy Lange, Kimberlie A. McCue, Kathryn McEachern, Sheila Murray, Peggy Olwell, Noel B. Pavlovic, Cheryl L. Peterson, Jennifer Possley, John L. Randall, Samuel J. Wright
2019, Conservation Biology (33) 601-611
Reintroductions are important components of conservation and recovery programs for rare plant species, but their long‐term success rates are poorly understood. Previous reviews of plant reintroductions focused on short‐term (e.g., ≤3 years) survival and flowering of founder individuals rather than on benchmarks of intergenerational persistence, such as seedling recruitment. However,...
Landsat: The cornerstone of global land imaging
Ginger Butcher, Christopher Barnes, Linda Owen
2019, GIM International (January/February 2019) 31-35
Since 1972, the joint NASA/ U.S. Geological Survey Landsat series of Earth Observation satellites have provided an uninterrupted space-based data record of the Earth’s land surface to help advance scientific research towards the understanding of our planet and the environmental impact of its inhabitants. Early Landsat satellites offered a wealth...
Diurnal habitat selection of migrating Whooping Crane in the Great Plains
David M. Baasch, Patrick D. Farrell, Aaron T. Pearse, David A. Brandt, Andrew J. Caven, Mary J. Harner, Greg D. Wright, Kristine L. Metzger
2019, Avian Conservation and Ecology (14) 1-14
Available stopover habitats with quality foraging opportunities are essential for migrating waterbirds, including Whooping Crane (Grus americana). Several studies have evaluated habitats used by Whooping Crane for roosting throughout its migration corridor; however, habitats associated with foraging and other diurnal activities have received less attention. We used data collected from...
Linking fire and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Deborah A. Martin
2019, Science of the Total Environment (662) 547-558
Fire is a ubiquitous natural disturbance that affects 3–4% of the Earth's surface each year. It is a tool used by humans for land clearing and burning of agricultural wastes. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) do not explicitly mention fire, though many of the Goals are affected by the beneficial and adverse consequences of...
Disease‐structured N‐mixture models: A practical guide to model disease dynamics using count data
Graziella V. DiRenzo, Christian Che-Castaldo, Sarah P. Saunders, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Elise F. Zipkin
2019, Ecology and Evolution (9) 899-909
Obtaining inferences on disease dynamics (e.g., host population size, pathogen prevalence, transmission rate, host survival probability) typically requires marking and tracking individuals over time. While multistate mark–recapture models can produce high‐quality inference, these techniques are difficult to employ at large spatial and long temporal scales or in small remnant host...
Landscape and organismal factors affecting sagebrush-seedling transplant survival after megafire restoration
Bill Davidson, Matthew J. Germino, Bryce Richardson, David Barnard
2019, Restoration Ecology (27) 1008-1020
Larger and more frequent disturbances are motivating efforts to accelerate recovery of foundational perennial species by focusing efforts into establishing island patches to sustain keystone species and facilitate recovery of the surrounding plant community. Evaluating the variability in abiotic and biotic factors that contribute to differences in survival and establishment...
Combining dynamic rupture simulations with ground motion data to characterize seismic hazard from Mw 3-5.8 earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas
Samuel Bydlon, Kyle Withers, Eric M. Dunham
2019, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (109) 652-671
Many seismically active areas suffer from a lack of near‐source ground‐motion recordings, making ground‐motion prediction difficult at distances within ∼40  km">∼40 km∼40 km from an earthquake. We aim to aid the development...
Catchment-level estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus agricultural use from commercial fertilizer sales for the conterminous United States, 2012
Jana S. Stewart, Gregory E. Schwarz, John W. Brakebill, Stephen D. Preston
2019, Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5145
Nutrient inputs from commercial agricultural fertilizer, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, are important factors contributing to the degradation of surface-water quality and the alteration of aquatic ecosystems. Despite this importance, information about the application of fertilizer to agricultural land is not available in a consistent manner across the United States at...
Shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones of the inner continental shelf from Aquinnah to Wasque Point, Martha’s Vineyard, and Eel Point to Great Point, Nantucket, Massachusetts
Elizabeth A. Pendleton, Wayne E. Baldwin, Seth D. Ackerman, David S. Foster, Brian D. Andrews, William C. Schwab, Laura L. Brothers
2019, Open-File Report 2018-1181
A series of interpretive maps that describe the shallow geology, distribution, and texture of sea-floor sediments, and physiographic zones of the sea floor along the south and west shores of Martha’s Vineyard and the north shore of Nantucket, Massachusetts, were produced by using high-resolution geophysical data (interferometric and multibeam swath...
Effects of salinity and light on growth and interspecific interactions between Myriophyllum spicatum L. and Ruppia maritima L.
E. R. Hillman, Megan La Peyre
2019, Aquatic Botany (155) 25-31
Submerged macrophyte habitats provide significant benefits to estuarine systems. In southeast Louisiana, Myriophyllum spicatum L. (milfoil) and Ruppia maritima L. (widgeongrass) are dominant species existing across fresh to brackish areas. Though frequently co-occurring across the range of salinity and light conditions, their individual responses to changing...
Toxicokinetics of imidacloprid-coated wheat seeds in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and an evaluation of hazard
Thomas G. Bean, Michael S. Gross, Natalie Karouna-Renier, Paula F. P. Henry, Sandra L. Schultz, Michelle L. Hladik, Kathryn Kuivila, Barnett A. Rattner
2019, Environmental Science & Technology (53) 3888-3897
Birds are potentially exposed to neonicotinoid insecticides by ingestion of coated seeds during crop planting. Adult male Japanese quail were orally dosed with wheat seeds coated with an imidacloprid (IMI) formulation at either 0.9 mg/kg body weight (BW) or 2.7 mg/kg BW (~3 and 9% of IMI LD50 for Japanese...
Effects of nest exposure and spring temperatures on golden eagle brood survival: An opportunity for mitigation
Michael N. Kochert, Karen Steenhof, Jessi L. Brown
2019, Journal of Raptor Research (53) 91-97
We examined Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) brood survival in relation to spring temperatures and exposure of nests to afternoon sun in southwestern Idaho from 1970 through 2012. Most (77%) nests classified as shaded in a subset of 96 nests had northwest to east aspects, and most (71%) nests classified as...
