Predicting coastal cliff erosion using a Bayesian probabilistic model
Cheryl J. Hapke, Nathaniel G. Plant
2010, Marine Geology (278) 140-149
Regional coastal cliff retreat is difficult to model due to the episodic nature of failures and the along-shore variability of retreat events. There is a growing demand, however, for predictive models that can be used to forecast areas vulnerable to coastal erosion hazards. Increasingly, probabilistic models are being employed that...
Mapping irrigated lands at 250-m scale by merging MODIS data and National Agricultural Statistics
Md Shahriar Pervez, Jesslyn F. Brown
2010, Remote Sensing (2) 2388-2412
Accurate geospatial information on the extent of irrigated land improves our understanding of agricultural water use, local land surface processes, conservation or depletion of water resources, and components of the hydrologic budget. We have developed a method in a geospatial modeling framework that assimilates irrigation statistics with remotely sensed parameters...
Analysis of elevation changes detected from multi-temporal LiDAR surveys in forested landslide terrain in western Oregon
W.J. Burns, J. A. Coe, B.S. Kaya, Liwang Ma
2010, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (16) 315-341
We examined elevation changes detected from two successive sets of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in the northern Coast Range of Oregon. The first set of LiDAR data was acquired during leafon conditions and the second set during leaf-off conditions. We were able to successfully identify and map active...
Soil-test N recommendations augmented with PEST-optimized RZWQM simulations
R.W. Malone, D.B. Jaynes, Liwang Ma, B. T. Nolan, D.W. Meek, D.L. Karlen
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 1711-1723
Improved understanding of year-to-year late-spring soil nitrate test (LSNT) variability could help make it more attractive to producers. We test the ability of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) to simulate watershed-scale variability due to the LSNT, and we use the optimized model to simulate long-term field N dynamics...
Quantifying data worth toward reducing predictive uncertainty
A.M. Dausman, J. Doherty, C.D. Langevin, M.C. Sukop
2010, Ground Water (48) 729-740
The present study demonstrates a methodology for optimization of environmental data acquisition. Based on the premise that the worth of data increases in proportion to its ability to reduce the uncertainty of key model predictions, the methodology can be used to compare the worth of different data types, gathered at...
Radiometric, geometric, and image quality assessment of ALOS AVNIR-2 and PRISM sensors
S. Saunier, P. Goryl, G. Chander, R. Santer, M. Bouvet, B. Collet, A. Mambimba, Aksakal S. Kocaman
2010, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (48) 3855-3866
The Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) was launched on January 24, 2006, by a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) H-IIA launcher. It carries three remote-sensing sensors: 1) the Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer type 2 (AVNIR-2); 2) the Panchromatic Remote-Sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM); and 3) the Phased-Array type...
Numerical simulation of a low-lying barrier island's morphological response to Hurricane Katrina
C.A. Lindemer, N.G. Plant, Jack A. Puleo, D.M. Thompson, T.V. Wamsley
2010, Coastal Engineering (57) 985-995
Tropical cyclones that enter or form in the Gulf of Mexico generate storm surge and large waves that impact low-lying coastlines along the Gulf Coast. The Chandeleur Islands, located 161. km east of New Orleans, Louisiana, have endured numerous hurricanes that have passed nearby. Hurricane Katrina (landfall near Waveland MS,...
A fresh look at road salt: Aquatic toxicity and water-quality impacts on local, regional, and national scales
S.R. Corsi, D.J. Graczyk, S.W. Geis, N.L. Booth, K.D. Richards
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 7376-7382
A new perspective on the severity of aquatic toxicity impact of road salt was gained by a focused research effort directed at winter runoff periods. Dramatic impacts were observed on local, regional, and national scales. Locally, samples from 7 of 13 Milwaukee, Wisconsin area streams exhibited toxicity in Ceriodaphnia dubia...
Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers
J.N. Houser, D.W. Bierman, R.M. Burdis, L. A. Soeken-Gittinger
2010, Hydrobiologia (651) 127-144
Across the distances spanned by large rivers, there are important differences in catchment characteristics, tributary inputs, and river morphology that may cause longitudinal changes in nutrient, chlorophyll, and suspended solids concentrations. We investigated longitudinal and seasonal patterns in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) using long-term data (1994-2005) from five study...
Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys
B.T. McClintock, L.L. Bailey, K. H. Pollock, T.R. Simons
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1882-1893
Occupancy models that account for imperfect detection are often used to monitor anuran and songbird species occurrence. However, presenceabsence data arising from auditory detections may be more prone to observation error (e.g., false-positive detections) than are sampling approaches utilizing physical captures or sightings of individuals. We conducted realistic, replicated field...
Generation and emplacement of fine-grained ejecta in planetary impacts
R.R. Ghent, V. Gupta, B.A. Campbell, S.A. Ferguson, J.C.W. Brown, R.L. Fergason, L.M. Carter
2010, Icarus (209) 818-835
We report here on a survey of distal fine-grained ejecta deposits on the Moon, Mars, and Venus. On all three planets, fine-grained ejecta form circular haloes that extend beyond the continuous ejecta and other types of distal deposits such as run-out lobes or ramparts. Using Earth-based radar images, we find...
Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India
M. Riedel, T. S. Collett, P. Kumar, A.V. Sathe, A. Cook
2010, Marine and Petroleum Geology (27) 1476-1493
Gas hydrate was discovered in the Krishna-Godavari (KG) Basin during the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 1 at Site NGHP-01-10 within a fractured clay-dominated sedimentary system. Logging-while-drilling (LWD), coring, and wire-line logging confirmed gas hydrate dominantly in fractures at four borehole sites spanning a 500m transect. Three-dimensional (3D)...
Chemical and nanometer-scale structure of kerogen and its change during thermal maturation investigated by advanced solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy
J. Mao, X. Fang, Y. Lan, A. Schimmelmann, Maria Mastalerz, L. Xu, K. Schmidt-Rohr
2010, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (74) 2110-2127
We have used advanced and quantitative solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques to investigate structural changes in a series of type II kerogen samples from the New Albany Shale across a range of maturity (vitrinite reflectance R0 from 0.29% to 1.27%). Specific functional groups such as CH3, CH2, alkyl CH,...
Structural geology of Amazonian-aged layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma, Mars
Chris Okubo
2010, Icarus (207) 210-225
The structural geology of an outcropping of layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma is mapped using two adjacent high-resolution (1 m/pixel) HiRISE digital elevation models and orthoimagery. Analysis of these structural data yields new insight into the depositional and deformational history of these deposits. Bedding in non-deformed areas generally...
Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment
K.A. Macpherson, E.W. Woolery, Z. Wang, P. Liu
2010, Seismological Research Letters (81) 391-405
We employed a 3D velocity model and 3D wave propagation code to simulate long-period ground motions in the upper Mississippi embayment. This region is at risk from large earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) and observational data are sparse, making simulation a valuable tool for predicting the effects...
An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage
B. A. Kimball, R.L. Runkel, K. Walton-Day
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 728-740
Historical mining has left complex problems in catchments throughout the world. Land managers are faced with making cost-effective plans to remediate mine influences. Remediation plans are facilitated by spatial mass-loading profiles that indicate the locations of metal mass-loading, seasonal changes, and the extent of biogeochemical processes. Field-scale experiments during both...
The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams
J.D. Frankforter, H.S. Weyers, J. D. Bales, P.W. Moran, D.L. Calhoun
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (168) 461-479
Stream metabolism was measured in 33 streams across a gradient of nutrient concentrations in four agricultural areas of the USA to determine the relative influence of nutrient concentrations and habitat on primary production (GPP) and respiration (CR-24). In conjunction with the stream metabolism estimates, water quality and algal biomass samples...
Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway
W.R. Kelly, S.V. Panno, Keith C. Hackley, H.-H. Hwang, A.T. Martinsek, M. Markus
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 661-673
Chloride concentrations in waterways of northern USA are increasing at alarming rates and road salt is commonly assumed to be the cause. However, there are additional sources of Cl- in metropolitan areas, such as treated wastewater (TWW) and water conditioning salts, which may be contributing to Cl- loads entering surface...
Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks
Grant E.H. Campbell, J.D. Nichols, W.H. Lowe, W.F. Fagan
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 6936-6940
Although populations of amphibians are declining worldwide, there is no evidence that salamanders occupying small streams are experiencing enigmatic declines, and populations of these species seem stable. Theory predicts that dispersal through multiple pathways can stabilize populations, preventing extinction in habitat networks. However, empirical data to support this prediction are...
A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska
D.J. Selkowitz
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 1338-1352
Shrub cover appears to be increasing across many areas of the Arctic tundra biome, and increasing shrub cover in the Arctic has the potential to significantly impact global carbon budgets and the global climate system. For most of the Arctic, however, there is no existing baseline inventory of shrub canopy...
Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research
S.K. Maxwell, J.R. Meliker, P. Goovaerts
2010, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (20) 176-185
In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data can be useful in creating space-time models of environmental measures. The primary advantage of using remotely sensed data is that it allows for study at the...
Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan
Z. Ge, M.B. Nevers, D.J. Schwab, R.L. Whitman
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6731-6737
A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due...
Embryo malposition as a potential mechanism for mercury-induced hatching failure in bird eggs
Garth Herring, Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 1788-1794
We examined the prevalence of embryo malpositions and deformities in relation to total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in American avocet (Recurvirostra americana), black‐necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) eggs in San Francisco Bay (CA, USA) during 2005 to 2007. Overall, 11% of embryos were malpositioned...
Fuel deposition rates of montane and subalpine conifers in the central Sierra Nevada, California, USA
J. W. van Wagtendonk, P.E. Moore
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (259) 2122-2132
Fire managers and researchers need information on fuel deposition rates to estimate future changes in fuel bed characteristics, determine when forests transition to another fire behavior fuel model, estimate future changes in fuel bed characteristics, and parameterize and validate ecosystem process models. This information is lacking for many ecosystems including...
Stable isotope analysis and satellite tracking reveal interspecific resource partitioning of nonbreeding albatrosses off Alaska
R.M. Suryan, K.N. Fischer
2010, Canadian Journal of Zoology (88) 299-305
Albatrosses (Diomedeidae) are the most threatened family of birds globally. The three North Pacific species (Phoebastria Reichenbach, 1853) are listed as either endangered or vulnerable, with the population of Short-tailed Albatross (Phoebastria albatrus (Pallas, 1769)) less than 1% of its historical size. All North Pacific albatross species do not currently...
