Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate‐bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 2. Small‐strain mechanical properties
J.Y. Lee, F.M. Francisca, J.C. Santamarina, C. Ruppel
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
The small‐strain mechanical properties (e.g., seismic velocities) of hydrate‐bearing sediments measured under laboratory conditions provide reference values for calibration of logging and seismic exploration results acquired in hydrate‐bearing formations. Instrumented cells were designed for measuring the compressional (P) and shear (S) velocities of sand, silts, and clay with and without...
Pathways for arsenic from sediments to groundwater to streams: Biogeochemical processes in the Inner Coastal Plain, New Jersey, USA
Julia L. Barringer, Adam Mumford, Lily Y. Young, Pamela A. Reilly, Jennifer L. Bonin, Robert Rosman
2010, Water Research (44) 5532-5544
The Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments that underlie the Inner Coastal Plain of New Jersey contain the arsenic-rich mineral glauconite. Streambed sediments in two Inner Coastal Plain streams (Crosswicks and Raccoon Creeks) that traverse these glauconitic deposits are enriched in arsenic (15–25 mg/kg), and groundwater discharging to the streams contains elevated levels...
Changes of freshwater-lens thickness in basaltic island aquifers overlain by thick coastal sediments
Kolja Rotzoll, Delwyn S. Oki, Aly I. El-Kadi
2010, Hydrogeology Journal (18) 1425-1436
Freshwater-lens thickness and long-term changes in freshwater volume in coastal aquifers are commonly assessed through repeated measurement of salinity profiles from monitor wells that penetrate into underlying salt water. In Hawaii, the thickest measured freshwater lens is currently 262 m in dike-free, volcanic-rock aquifers that are overlain by thick coastal...
Parametric study of the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sand, silt, and clay sediments: 1. Electromagnetic properties
J.Y. Lee, J.C. Santamarina, C. Ruppel
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
The marked decrease in bulk electrical conductivity of sediments in the presence of gas hydrates has been used to interpret borehole electrical resistivity logs and, to a lesser extent, the results of controlled source electromagnetic surveys to constrain the spatial distribution and predicted concentration of gas hydrate in natural settings....
Observed and predicted reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia exposed to chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate
Peter J. Lasier, Ian R. Hardin
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 347-358
Chronic toxicities of Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3- to Ceriodaphnia dubia were evaluated in low- and moderate-hardness waters using a three-brood reproduction test method. Toxicity tests of anion mixtures were used to determine interaction effects and to produce models predicting C. dubia reproduction. Effluents diluted with low- and moderate-hardness waters were...
Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales
David S. Pilliod, Blake R. Hossack, Peter F. Bahls, Evelyn L. Bull, Paul Stephen Corn, Grant Hokit, Bryce A. Maxell, James C. Munger, Aimee Wyrick
2010, Diversity and Distributions (16) 959-974
Aim The introduction of non-native species into aquatic environments has been linked with local extinctions and altered distributions of native species. We investigated the effect of non-native salmonids on the occupancy of two native amphibians, the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), across three spatial...
Approaches to highly parameterized inversion: A guide to using PEST for model-parameter and predictive-uncertainty analysis
John E. Doherty, Randall J. Hunt, Matthew J. Tonkin
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5211
Analysis of the uncertainty associated with parameters used by a numerical model, and with predictions that depend on those parameters, is fundamental to the use of modeling in support of decisionmaking. Unfortunately, predictive uncertainty analysis with regard to models can be very computationally demanding, due in part to complex constraints...
Low genetic variation and evidence of limited dispersal in the regionally important Belize manatee
M.E. Hunter, N. E. Auil-Gomez, K.P. Tucker, R. K. Bonde, J. Powell, P.M. McGuire
2010, Animal Conservation (13) 592-602
The Antillean subspecies of the West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus is found throughout Central and South America and the Caribbean. Because of severe hunting pressure during the 17th through 19th centuries, only small populations of the once widespread aquatic mammal remain. Fortunately, protections in Belize reduced hunting in the 1930s...
Microbial degradation of plant leachate alters lignin phenols and trihalomethane precursors
Brian A. Pellerin, Peter J. Hernes, John Franco Saraceno, Robert G.M. Spencer, Brian A. Bergamaschi
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 946-954
Although the importance of vascular plant-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in freshwater systems has been studied, the role of leached DOC as precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during drinking water treatment is not well known. Here we measured the propensity of leachates from four crops and four aquatic macrophytes to...
Long-term persistence of spent lead shot in tundra wetlands
Paul L. Flint, Jason L. Schamber
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 148-151
We seeded experimental plots with number 4 lead pellets and sampled these plots for 10 years to assess the settlement rate of pellets in tundra wetland types commonly used by foraging waterfowl. After 10 years, about 10% of pellets remained within 6 cm of the surface, but >50% remained within...
Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany
Katharina Pfaff, Ludwig H. Hildebrandt, David L. Leach, Dorrit E. Jacob, Gregor Markl
2010, Mineralium Deposita (45) 647-666
The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Zn–Pb–Ag deposit in the Wiesloch area, Southwest Germany, is controlled by graben-related faults of the Upper Rhinegraben. Mineralization occurs as vein fillings and irregular replacement ore bodies consisting of sphalerite, banded sphalerite, galena, pyrite, sulfosalts (jordanite and geocronite), barite, and calcite in the Middle Triassic carbonate...
Flood hydrology and methylmercury availability in Coastal Plain rivers
Paul M. Bradley, Celeste A. Journey, Francis H. Chapelle, Mark A. Lowery, Paul Conrads
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 9285-9290
Mercury (Hg) burdens in top-predator fish differ substantially between adjacent South Carolina Coastal Plain river basins with similar wetlands coverage. In the Congaree River, floodwaters frequently originate in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont regions, where wetlands coverage and surface water dissolved methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations are low. Piedmont-driven flood events can...
Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland
Donald L. DeAngelis, Joel C. Trexler, Chris Cosner, Adam Obaza, Fred Jopp
2010, Ecological Modelling (221) 1131-1137
Small fishes in seasonally flooded environments such as the Everglades are capable of spreading into newly flooded areas and building up substantial biomass. Passive drift cannot account for the rapidity of observed population expansions. To test the reaction-diffusion mechanism for spread of the fish, we estimated their diffusion coefficient and...
Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water
Michael T. Wright, Kenneth Belitz
2010, Ground Water (48) 515-525
Although the ingestion of vanadium (V) in drinking water may have possible adverse health effects, there have been relatively few studies of V in groundwater. Given the importance of groundwater as a source of drinking water in many areas of the world, this study examines the potential sources and geochemical...
Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California
James O. Sickman, Carol L. DiGiorgio, M. Lee Davisson, Delores M. Lucero, Brian A. Bergamaschi
2010, Biogeochemistry (99) 79-96
We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Δ14C for DOC was −254‰ in agricultural drains in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, −218‰ in the San Joaquin River, −175‰ in the California State...
Hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary rock, Newark Basin, New Jersey
Pierre J. Lacombe, William C. Burton
2010, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (30) 35-45
The hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary bedrock at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), Trenton, New Jersey, a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated site in the Newark Basin, is developed using an understanding of the geologic history of the strata, gamma-ray logs, and rock cores. NAWC is the newest field research site...
Hydrogeology of the potsdam sandstone in northern New York
John H. Williams, Richard J. Reynolds, David A. Franzi, Edwin A. Romanowicz, Frederick L. Paillet
2010, Canadian Water Resources Journal (35) 399-416
The Potsdam Sandstone of Cambrian age forms a transboundary aquifer that extends across northern New York and into southern Quebec. The Potsdam Sandstone is a gently dipping sequence of arkose, subarkose, and orthoquartzite that unconformably overlies Precambrian metamorphic bedrock. The Potsdam irregularly grades upward over a thickness of 450 m...
Divergent movements of walrus and sea ice in the northern Bering Sea
Chadwick V. Jay, Mark S. Udevitz, Ron Kwok, Anthony S. Fischbach, David C. Douglas
2010, Marine Ecology Progress Series (407) 293-302
The Pacific walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens is a large Arctic pinniped of the Chukchi and Bering Seas. Reductions of sea ice projected to occur in the Arctic by mid-century raise concerns for conservation of the Pacific walrus. To understand the significance of sea ice loss to the viability of walruses,...
Assessment of PDMS-water partition coefficients: implications for passive environmental sampling of hydrophobic organic compounds
Erica L. DiFilippo, Robert P. Eganhouse
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6917-6925
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has shown potential as an in situ passive-sampling technique in aquatic environments. The reliability of this method depends upon accurate determination of the partition coefficient between the fiber coating and water (Kf). For some hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs), Kf values spanning 4 orders of magnitude have been...
Are mangroves in the tropical Atlantic ripe for invasion? Exotic mangrove trees in the forests of South Florida
James W. Fourqurean, Thomas J. Smith III, Jennifer Possley, Timothy M. Collins, David Lee, Sandra Namoff
2010, Biological Invasions (12) 2509-2522
Two species of mangrove trees of Indo-Pacific origin have naturalized in tropical Atlantic mangrove forests in South Florida after they were planted and nurtured in botanic gardens. Two Bruguiera gymnorrhiza trees that were planted in the intertidal zone in 1940 have given rise to a population of at least 86...
Arsenic management through well modification and simulation
Keith J. Halford, Christina L. Stamos, Tracy Nishikawa, Peter Martin
2010, Ground Water (48) 526-537
Arsenic concentrations can be managed with a relatively simple strategy of grouting instead of completely destroying a selected interval of well. The strategy of selective grouting was investigated in Antelope Valley, California, where groundwater supplies most of the water demand. Naturally occurring arsenic typically exceeds concentrations of 10 (mu or...
Developing an ecosystem services online decision support tool to assess the impacts of climate change and urban growth in the Santa Cruz watershed: Where we live, work, and play
Laura M. Norman, Nita Tallent-Halsell, William Labiosa, Matt Weber, Amy McCoy, Katie Hirschboeck, James B. Callegary, Charles van Riper III, Floyd Gray
2010, Sustainability (2) 2044-2069
Using respective strengths of the biological, physical, and social sciences, we are developing an online decision support tool, the Santa Cruz Watershed Ecosystem Portfolio Model (SCWEPM), to help promote the use of information relevant to water allocation and land management in a binational watershed along the U.S.-Mexico border. The SCWEPM...
Development and characterization of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the faucet snail, Bithynia tentaculata (Gastroposa: Caenogastropoda; Bithyniidae)
Justin P. Henningsen, Stacey L. Lance, Kenneth L. Jones, Chris Hagen, Joshua Laurila, Rebecca A. Cole, Kathryn E. Perez
2010, Conservation Genetics Resources (2) 247-250
Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758), a snail native to Europe, was introduced into the US Great Lakes in the 1870's and has spread to rivers throughout the Northeastern US and Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Trematode parasites, for which B. tentaculata is a host, have also been introduced and are causing widespread...
Contribution of PAHs from coal-tar pavement sealcoat and other sources to 40 U.S. lakes
Peter C. Van Metre, Barbara Mahler
2010, Science of the Total Environment (409) 334-344
Contamination of urban lakes and streams by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased in the United States during the past 40 years. We evaluated sources of PAHs in post-1990 sediments in cores from 40 lakes in urban areas across the United States using a contaminant mass-balance receptor model and including...
Conservation planning for imperiled aquatic species in an urbanizing environment
Seth J. Wenger, Mary Freeman, Laurie A. Fowler, Byron J. Freeman, James T. Peterson
2010, Landscape and Urban Planning (97) 11-21
As the global area devoted to urban uses grows, an increasing number of freshwater species will face imperilment due to urbanization effects. Management of these impacts on both private and public lands is necessary to ensure species persistence. Such management entails several hallenges: (1) development of a management policy appropriate...
