Arctic lake physical processes and regimes with implications for winter water availability and management in the national petroleum reserve alaska
Benjamin M. Jones, C.D. Arp, Kenneth M. Hinkel, R.A. Beck, Joel A. Schmutz, B. Winston
2009, Environmental Management (43) 1071-1084
Lakes are dominant landforms in the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) as well as important social and ecological resources. Of recent importance is the management of these freshwater ecosystems because lakes deeper than maximum ice thickness provide an important and often sole source of liquid water for aquatic biota, villages,...
Analytical modeling of gravity changes and crustal deformation at volcanoes: The Long Valley caldera, California, case study
Maurizio Battaglia, D.P. Hill
2009, Tectonophysics (471) 45-57
Joint measurements of ground deformation and micro-gravity changes are an indispensable component for any volcano monitoring strategy. A number of analytical mathematical models are available in the literature that can be used to fit geodetic data and infer source location, depth and density. Bootstrap statistical methods allow estimations of the...
Associations between land use and Perkinsus marinus infection of eastern oysters in a high salinity, partially urbanized estuary
Brian R. Gray, David Bushek, J. Wanzer Drane, Dwayne Porter
2009, Ecotoxicology (18) 259-269
Infection levels of eastern oysters by the unicellular pathogen Perkinsus marinus have been associated with anthropogenic influences in laboratory studies. However, these relationships have been difficult to investigate in the field because anthropogenic inputs are often associated with natural influences such as freshwater inflow, which can also affect infection levels....
Status and trends of the Lake Huron deepwater demersal fish ommunity, 2008
Edward F. Roseman, Timothy P. O’Brien, Stephen C. Riley, Steven A. Farha, John R. French
2009, Conference Paper
The U.S.Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center has conducted trawl surveys to assess annual changes in the deepwater demersal fish community of Lake Huron since 1973. Since 1992, surveys have been carried out using a 21 m wing trawl towed on-contour at depths ranging from 9 to 110 m on...
Volumetric visualization of multiple-return LIDAR data: Using voxels
Jason M. Stoker
2009, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (75) 109-112
Elevation data are an important component in the visualization and analysis of geographic information. The creation and display of 3D models representing bare earth, vegetation, and surface structures have become a major focus of light detection and ranging (lidar) remote sensing research in the past few years. Lidar is an...
Potential effects of runoff, fluvial sediment, and nutrient discharges on the coral reefs of Puerto Rico
M. C. Larsen, R.M.T. Webb
2009, Journal of Coastal Research (25) 189-208
Coral reefs, the foundation and primary structure of many highly productive and diverse tropical marine ecosystems, have been degraded by human activity in much of the earth's tropical oceans. To contribute to improved understanding of this problem, the potential relation between river sediment and nutrient discharges and degradation of coral...
Calibration and validation of the relative differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (RdNBR) to three measures of fire severity in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains, California, USA
J.D. Miller, E. E. Knapp, C.H. Key, C.N. Skinner, C.J. Isbell, R.M. Creasy, J.W. Sherlock
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 645-656
Multispectral satellite data have become a common tool used in the mapping of wildland fire effects. Fire severity, defined as the degree to which a site has been altered, is often the variable mapped. The Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) used in an absolute difference change detection protocol (dNBR), has become...
The postseismic response to the 2002 M 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake: Constraints from InSAR 2003-2005
J. Biggs, R. Burgmann, J.T. Freymueller, Z. Lu, B. Parsons, I. Ryder, G. Schmalzle, Tim Wright
2009, Geophysical Journal International (176) 353-367
InSAR is particularly sensitive to vertical displacements, which can be important in distinguishing between mechanisms responsible for the postseismic response to large earthquakes (afterslip, viscoelastic relaxation). We produce maps of the surface displacements resulting from the postseismic response to the 2002 Denali Fault earthquake, using data from the Canadian Radarsat-1...
Assessing the impact of land use change on hydrology by ensemble modeling (LUCHEM). I: Model intercomparison with current land use
L. Breuer, J. A. Huisman, P. Willems, H. Bormann, A. Bronstert, B.F.W. Croke, H.-G. Frede, T. Graff, L. Hubrechts, A.J. Jakeman, G. Kite, J. Lanini, G. Leavesley, D.P. Lettenmaier, G. Lindstrom, J. Seibert, M. Sivapalan, N.R. Viney
2009, Advances in Water Resources (32) 129-146
This paper introduces the project on 'Assessing the impact of land use change on hydrology by ensemble modeling (LUCHEM)' that aims at investigating the envelope of predictions on changes in hydrological fluxes due to land use change. As part of a series of four papers, this paper outlines the motivation...
Modeling haul-out behavior of walruses in Bering Sea ice
Mark S. Udevitz, Chadwick V. Jay, Anthony S. Fischbach, J. L. Garlich-Miller
2009, Canadian Journal of Zoology (87) 1111-1128
Understanding haul-out behavior of ice-associated pinnipeds is essential for designing and interpreting popula-tion surveys and for assessing effects of potential changes in their ice environments. We used satellite-linked transmitters to obtain sequential information about location and haul-out state for Pacific walruses, Odobenus rosmarus divergens (Il-liger, 1815), in the Bering Sea...
An ecological risk assessment of the acute and chronic effects of the herbicide clopyralid to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
J.F. Fairchild, A.L. Allert, K.P. Feltz, K.J. Nelson, J.A. Valle
2009, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (57) 725-731
Clopyralid (3,6-dichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) is a pyridine herbicide frequently used to control invasive, noxious weeds in the northwestern United States. Clopyralid exhibits low acute toxicity to fish, including the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the threatened bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus). However, there are no published chronic toxicity...
Invasive species information networks: Collaboration at multiple scales for prevention, early detection, and rapid response to invasive alien species
Annie Simpson, Catherine S. Jarnevich, John Madsen, Randy G. Westbrooks, Christine Fournier, Les Mehrhoff, Michael Browne, Jim Graham, Elizabeth A. Sellers
2009, Biodiversity (10) 5-13
Accurate analysis of present distributions and effective modeling of future distributions of invasive alien species (IAS) are both highly dependent on the availability and accessibility of occurrence data and natural history information about the species. Invasive alien species monitoring and detection networks (such as the Invasive Plant Atlas of New...
Variations in population exposure and sensitivity to lahar hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington
N. Wood, C. Soulard
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (188) 367-378
Although much has been done to understand, quantify, and delineate volcanic hazards, there are fewer efforts to assess societal vulnerability to these hazards, particularly demographic differences in exposed populations or spatial variations in exposure to regional hazards. To better understand population diversity in volcanic hazard zones, we assess the number...
Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models
D.R. Breininger, J.D. Nichols, G.M. Carter, D.M. Oddy
2009, Ecology (90) 3180-3189
Quantifying habitat-specific survival and changes in habitat quality within disturbance-prone habitats is critical for understanding population dynamics and variation in fitness, and for managing degraded ecosystems. We used 18 years of color-banding data and multistate capture-recapture models to test whether habitat quality within territories influences survival and detection probability of...
Predicting 21st-century polar bear habitat distribution from global climate models
George M. Durner, David C. Douglas, R. M. Nielson, Steven C. Amstrup, T. L. McDonald, I. Stirling, Mette Mauritzen, E.W. Born, O. Wiig, E. Deweaver, Mark C. Serreze, Stanislav Belikov, M.M. Holland, J. Maslanik, Jon Aars, D.A. Bailey, A.E. Derocher
2009, Ecological Monographs (79) 25-58
Projections of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) sea ice habitat distribution in the polar basin during the 21st century were developed to understand the consequences of anticipated sea ice reductions on polar bear populations. We used location data from satellitecollared polar bears and environmental data (e.g., bathymetry, distance to coastlines, and...
Constraints on the utility of MnO2 cartridge method for the extraction of radionuclides: A case study using 234Th
M. Baskaran, P.W. Swarzenski, B.A. Biddanda
2009, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (10)
[1] Large volume (102-103 L) seawater samples are routinely processed to investigate the partitioning of particle reactive radionuclides and Ra between solution and size-fractionated suspended particulate matter. One of the most frequently used methods to preconcentrate these nuclides from such large volumes involves extraction onto three filter cartridges (a prefilter...
Turbulent stresses and secondary currents in a tidal-forced channel with significant curvature and asymmetric bed forms
D.A. Fong, Stephen G. Monismith, M.T. Stacey, J.R. Burau
2009, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (135) 198-208
Acoustic Doppler current profilers are deployed to measure both the mean flow and turbulent properties in a channel with significant curvature. Direct measurements of the Reynolds stress show a significant asymmetry over the tidal cycle where stresses are enhanced during the flood tide and less prominent over...
Assessment tools for urban catchments: developing biological indicators based on benthic macroinvertebrates
A.H. Purcell, D.W. Bressler, M.J. Paul, M.T. Barbour, E.T. Rankin, J.L. Carter, V.H. Resh
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 306-319
Biological indicators, particularly benthic macroinvertebrates, are widely used and effective measures of the impact of urbanization on stream ecosystems. A multimetric biological index of urbanization was developed using a large benthic macroinvertebrate dataset (n = 1,835) from the Baltimore, Maryland, metropolitan area and then validated with datasets from Cleveland, Ohio...
High resolution near-bed observations in winter near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina
M. Martini, B. Armstrong, J.C. Warner
2009, Conference Paper, MTS/IEEE Biloxi - Marine Technology for Our Future: Global and Local Challenges, OCEANS 2009
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Science Center in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, is leading an effort to understand the regional sediment dynamics along the coastline of North and South Carolina. As part of the Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project, a geologic framework study in June of 2008 by...
Models of pure CO2 and pure CH4 adsorption on the late paleozoic coals from the Kailuan Coalfield, Hebei, China
S. Dai, B. Zhang, S. Peng, X. Zhang, C. Chou
2009, Acta Geologica Sinica (83) 731-737
Isothermal adsorption experiments of pure CO2 and CH4 on different coals in rank (the No. 11 Coal from the Linnancang Mine and the No. 9 Coal from the Majiagou Mine) from the Kailuan Coalfield of Hebei Province, China, have been studied. Four different models (Langmuir, BET, D-R, and D-A) were...
Migratory patterns and population structure among breeding and wintering red-breasted mergansers (Mergus serrator) and common mergansers (M. merganser)
John M. Pearce, K. G. McCracken, Thomas K. Christensen, Y.N. Zhuravlev
2009, The Auk (126) 784-798
Philopatry has long been assumed to structure populations of waterfowl and other species of birds genetically, especially via maternally transmitted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), yet other migratory behaviors and nesting ecology (use of ground vs. cavity sites) may also contribute to population genetic structure. We investigated the effects of migration and...
Improving the design of amphibian surveys using soil data: A case study in two wilderness areas
K.D. Bowen, E.A. Beever, U.B. Gafvert
2009, Natural Areas Journal (29) 117-125
Amphibian populations are known, or thought to be, declining worldwide. Although protected natural areas may act as reservoirs of biological integrity and serve as benchmarks for comparison with unprotected areas, they are not immune from population declines and extinctions and should be monitored. Unfortunately, identifying survey sites and performing long-term...
USGS: Science at the intersection of land and ocean
M.D. Myers
2009, Sea Technology (50) 18-21
The US Geological Survey (USGS) conducts an ongoing national assessment of coastal change hazards in order to help protect lives and support management of coastal infrastructure and resources. The research group rapidly gathers to investigate coastal changes along the Gulf Coast's sandy beaches after each hurricane to examine the magnitude...
Chlorine-36 as a tracer of perchlorate origin
N.C. Sturchio, M. Caffee, Abelardo D. Beloso Jr., L.J. Heraty, J.K. Böhlke, P.B. Hatzinger, W.A. Jackson, B. Gu, J.M. Heikoop, M. Dale
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 6934-6938
Perchlorate (ClO4−) is ubiquitous in the environment. It is produced naturally by atmospheric photochemical reactions, and also is synthesized in large quantities for military, aerospace, and industrial applications. Nitrate-enriched salt deposits of the Atacama Desert (Chile) contain high concentrations of natural ClO4−, and have been exported worldwide...
Thermal characteristics of amphibian microhabitats in a fire-disturbed landscape
B. R. Hossack, L.A. Eby, C.G. Guscio, P.S. Corn
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1414-1421
Disturbance has long been a central issue in amphibian conservation, often regarding negative effects of logging or other forest management activities, but some amphibians seem to prefer disturbed habitats. After documenting increased use of recently burned forests by boreal toads (Bufo boreas), we hypothesized that burned habitats provided improved thermal...
