The influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) on larval growth and spawner abundance
Daniel M. Weaver, Stephen M. Coghlan Jr., Joseph D. Zydlewski
2018, Fishery Bulletin (116) 142-152
Migrations of anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from marine ecosystems serve as vectors of nutrients into freshwater food webs. Larval sea lamprey reside in streams for 6–8 years as deposit feeders before metamorphosing into juveniles and migrating to the ocean. Previous work has shown that carcass nutrients, which result from...
Patterns of longer-term climate change effects on CO2 efflux from biocrusted soils differ from those observed in the short term
Anthony Darrouzet-Nardi, Sasha C. Reed, Edmund E. Grote, Jayne Belnap
2018, Biogeosciences (15) 4561-4573
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are predicted to be sensitive to the increased temperature and altered precipitation associated with climate change. We assessed the effects of these factors on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) balance in biocrusted soils using a sequence of manipulations over a 9-year period. We warmed biocrusted soils by...
Drivers and mechanisms of tree mortality in moist tropical forests
Nate G. McDowell, Craig D. Allen, Kristina Anderson‐Teixeira, Paulo M. Brando, Roel Brienen, Jeff Chambers, Brad Christoffersen, Stuart J. Davies, Chris Doughty, Alvaro Duque, Fernando Espirito-Santo, Rosie A. Fisher, Clarissa G. Fontes, David Galbraith, Devin Goodsman, Charlotte Grossiord, Henrik Hartmann, Jennifer Holm, Daniel J. Johnson, Abd. Rahman Kassim, Michael Keller, Charles Koven, Lara Kueppers, Tomo’omi Kumagai, Yadvinder Malhi, Sean M. McMahon, Maurizio Mencuccini, Patrick Meir, Paul R. Moorcroft, Helene C. Muller-Landau, Oliver L. Phillips, Thomas M. Powell, Carlos A. Sierra, John Sperry, Jeff Warren, Chonggang Xu, Xiangtao Xu
2018, New Phytologist (219) 851-869
Tree mortality rates appear to be increasing in moist tropical forests (MTFs) with significant carbon cycle consequences. Here, we review the state of knowledge regarding MTF tree mortality, create a conceptual framework with testable hypotheses regarding the drivers, mechanisms and interactions that may underlie increasing MTF mortality rates, and identify...
Influencia de factores ambientales y biométricos en la capacidad de nado del barbo ibérico (Luciobarbus bocagei Steindachner, 1864), un ciprínido potamódromo endémico de la Península Ibérica
Jorge Ruiz-Legazpi, F.J. Sanz-Ronda, F.J. Bravo-Cordoba, J.F. Fuentes-Perez, Theodore R. Castro-Santos
2018, Limnetica (37) 251-265
El presente trabajo analiza la capacidad voluntaria de nado del barbo ibérico (Luciobarbus bocagei Steindachner, 1864) en un canal abierto durante su época de migración, relacionándola con factores ambientales y biométricos. La temperatura del agua, la velocidad de flujo y la longitud del pez fueron los factores de mayor importancia...
Climate change and future wildfire in the western USA: An ecological approach to nonstationarity
Jeremy S. Littell, Donald McKenzie, Ho Yi Wan, Samuel A. Cushman
2018, Earth's Future (6) 1097-1111
We developed ecologically based climate‐fire projections for the western United States. Using a finer ecological classification and fire‐relevant climate predictors, we created statistical models linking climate and wildfire area burned for ecosections, which are geographic delineations based on biophysical variables. The results indicate a gradient from purely fuel‐limited (antecedent positive...
Applying recreation ecology science to sustainably manage camping impacts: A classification of camping management strategies
Jeffrey L. Marion, Johanna Arredondo, Jeremy Wimpey, Fletcher Meadema
2018, International Journal of Wilderness (24) 1-12
Wilderness and other protected natural areas such as national forests, parks, and refuges are managed to provide high-quality recreational opportunities while preserving natural resource conditions. In managing recreation visitation, land managers could allow visitors to create their own infrastructure of trails and campsites, or they could choose to apply an...
Assessing and communicating the impacts of climate change on the Southern California coast
Li H. Erikson, Patrick L. Barnard, Andrea C. O'Neill, Patrick Limber, Sean Vitousek, Juliette Finzi Hart, Maya Hayden, Jeanne M. Jones, Nathan J. Wood, Michael Fitzgibbon, Amy C. Foxgrover, Jessica Lovering
2018, Report
Over the course of this and the next century, the combination of rising sea levels, severe storms, and coastal erosion will threaten the sustainability of coastal communities, development, and ecosystems as we currently know them. To clearly identify coastal vulnerabilities and develop appropriate adaptation strategies for projected increased levels of...
National Park Service and the USA National Phenology Network
Jake Weltzin, Theresa M. Crimmins, Erin E. Posthumus, Alyssa Rosemartin
2018, Report
Understanding the seasonal cycles of plants and animals, how they are changing, and how they can inform management, operations, and interpretation is critical to the mission of the National Park Service (NPS): to preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this...
Gas emissions, tars, and secondary minerals at the Ruth Mullins and Tiptop coal mine fires
Jennifer M. K. O’Keefe, Erika R. Neace, Maxwell L. Hammond III, James C. Hower, Mark A. Engle, Joseph A. East, Nicholas J. Geboy, Ricardo A. Olea, Kevin R. Henke, Gregory C. Copley, Edward W. Lemley, Rachel S. Hatch Nally, Antonia E. Hansen, Allison R. Richardson, Anne B. Satterwhite, Glenn B. Stracher, Larry F. Radke, Charles Smeltzer, Christopher Romanek, Donald R. Blake, Paul A. Schroeder, Stephen D. Emsbo-Mattingly, Scott A. Stout
2018, International Journal of Coal Geology (195) 304-316
Both the Tiptop and Ruth Mullins coal fires, Kentucky, were reinvestigated in 2009 and 2010. The Tiptop fire was not as active in 2009 and may have been on the path to burning out at the time of the 2009 visit. The Ruth Mullins coal mine fire, Perry County, Kentucky, has been the subject of several...
USA National Phenology Network supports decision making
Jake Weltzin, Theresa M. Crimmins, Erin E. Posthumus, Alyssa Rosemartin
2018, Report
The USA National Phenology Network is a federally-funded, nationalscale science and monitoring initiative focused on phenology as a tool to understand how plants, animals, and landscapes respond to environmental variation and change....
Selective occupancy of a persistent yet variable coastal river plume by two seabird species
Elizabeth M. Phillips, John K. Horne, Josh Adams, Jeannette E. Zamon
2018, Marine Ecology Progress Series (594) 245-261
Advances in telemetry and modeling of physical processes expand opportunities to assess relationships between marine predators and their dynamic habitat. The Columbia River plume (CRP) attracts sooty shearwaters Ardenna grisea and common murres Uria aalge, but how seabirds respond to variability in plume waters is unknown. We characterized seabird distributions in relation to...
Nestling development and aging of Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow
Janet M. Ruth, Jason Kitting
2018, Arizona Birds (2018) 1-13
We studied breeding Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus) status and distribution, natural and life history, habitat use, and nest survival from 2004 through 2014 in southeastern Arizona. In this paper we present descriptions and photographs of known-age nestlings that will assist field biologists to identify Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow nestlings...
A novel high-frequency groundwater quality monitoring system
John Franco Saraceno, Justin T. Kulongoski, Timothy M. Mathany
2018, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (190) 1-14
High-frequency, long-term monitoring of water quality has revolutionized the study of surface waters in recent years. However, application of these techniques to groundwater has been limited by the ability to remotely pump and analyze groundwater. This paper describes a novel autonomous groundwater quality monitoring system which samples multiple wells to...
Reproductive response of Arizona Grasshopper Sparrows to weather patterns and habitat structure
Janet M. Ruth, Susan K. Skagen
2018, The Condor (120) 596-616
Avian species endemic to desert grasslands of North America contend with significant ecological challenges, including monsoonal rains, droughts, and variable temperatures. These birds have evolved physiological and behavioral means of coping with such extremes, but ongoing changes to temperature and precipitation patterns are affecting their breeding phenology, reproductive success, and...
Assessment of Alaska rain-on-snow events using dynamical downscaling
Peter A. Bieniek, Uma S. Bhatt, John E. Walsh, Rick Lader, Brad Griffith, Jennifer K. Roach, Richard L. Thoman
2018, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (57) 1847-1863
The ice formed by cold-season rainfall or rain on snow (ROS) has striking impacts on the economy and ecology of Alaska. An understanding of the atmospheric drivers of ROS events is required to better predict them and plan for environmental change. The spatially/temporally sparse network of stations in Alaska makes...
Salinity tolerance among three freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Gulf Coastal Plain drainages
Nathan A. Johnson, Pamela J. Schofield, James D. Williams, James D. Austin
2018, Florida Scientist (81) 61-69
An important physiological constraint influencing distributions of coastal freshwater organisms is their tolerance for saline conditions. We experimentally evaluated salinity tolerance for three freshwater mussel species (Utterbackia imbecillis, Elliptio jayensis, and Glebula rotundata). Mussels were transferred abruptly from well water to one of five treatments (0 [control], 6, 12, 18...
Phenology forecasts predict pest seasonal activity to support decision making
Jake Weltzin, Theresa M. Crimmins, Erin Posthumous, Alyssaa Rosemartin, Katharine L. Gerst
2018, Report
The USA National Phenology Network (USANPN) produces and distributes daily national phenology maps – or Pheno Forecasts – indicating when key pest species may be most susceptible to management as part of a growing suite of phenology map products. The USA-NPN’s Pheno Forecast maps show when key pest species, including...
Examination of multiple working hypotheses to address reproductive failure in reintroduced Whooping Cranes
Jeb A. Barzen, Sarah J. Converse, Peter H. Adler, Anne E Lacy, Elmer Gray, Andrew Gossens
2018, Condor (120) 632-649
Understanding multiple challenges that restrict conservation success is a central task of applied ecology, especially when resources are limited and actions are expensive, such as with reintroduction programs. Simultaneous consideration of multiple hypotheses can expedite identification of factors that most limit conservation success. Since 2001, reintroduction of a migratory population...
Broad‐scale occurrence of a subsidized avian predator: reducing impacts of ravens on sage‐grouse and other sensitive prey
Shawn T. O’Neil, Peter S. Coates, Brianne E. Brussee, Pat J. Jackson, Kristy B. Howe, Ann M. Moser, Lee J. Foster, David J. Delehanty
2018, Journal of Applied Ecology (55) 2641-2652
Expanding human enterprise across remote environments impacts numerous wildlife species. Anthropogenic resources provide subsidies for generalist predators that can lead to cascading effects on prey species at lower trophic levels. A fundamental challenge for applied ecologists is to disentangle natural and anthropogenic influences on species occurrence, and subsequently develop spatially...
Seasonal streamflow extremes are key drivers of Brook Trout young‐of‐the‐year abundance
Annalise G. Blum, Yoichiro Kanno, Benjamin H. Letcher
2018, Ecosphere (9) 1-16
To manage ecosystems in the context of climate change, we need to understand the relationship between extreme events and population dynamics. Floods and droughts are projected to occur more frequently, but how aquatic species will respond to these extreme events remains uncertain. Based on counts of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)...
Quartz solubility in the H2O-NaCl system: A framework for understanding vein formation in porphyry copper deposits
Thomas Monecke, Jochen Monecke, T James Reynolds, Subaru Tsuruoka, Mitchell M. Bennett, Wiley B Skewes, Richard M. Palin
2018, Economic Geology (113) 1007-1046
Porphyry copper deposits consist of low-grade stockwork and disseminated sulfide zones that contain characteristic vein generations formed during the evolution of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems. The present contribution proposes an interpretive framework for the formation of porphyry veins that is based on quartz solubility calculations in the H2O-NaCl system at temperatures...
The perpetual state of emergency that sacrifices protected areas in a changing climate
Dirac Twidwell, Carissa L. Wonkka, Christine H. Bielski, Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Jacob Drozda, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Julia Johnson, Larkin A. Powell, Caleb P. Roberts
2018, Conservation Biology (32) 905-915
A modern challenge for conservation biology is to assess the consequences of policies that adhere to assumptions of stationarity (e.g. historic norms) in an era of global environmental change. Such policies may result in unexpected and surprising levels of mitigation given future climate change trajectories, especially as agriculture looks to...
Complex bedding geometry in the upper portion of Aeolis Mons, Gale crater, Mars
Ryan B. Anderson, Lauren A. Edgar, David M. Rubin, Kevin W. Lewis, Claire Newman
2018, Icarus (314) 246-264
The Upper formation of Aeolis Mons in Gale crater exhibits curvilinear bedding patterns on the surfaces of several erosional benches that have been interpreted as cross-bedding. We use High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) stereo topography to test this hypothesis by measuring the bedding geometry within these benches. The bedding...
Evaluation of targeted and untargeted effects-based monitoring tools to assess impacts of contaminants of emerging concern on fish in the South Platte River, CO
Drew R. Ekman, Kristen Keteles, Jon Beihoffer, Jenna E. Cavallin, Kenneth Dahlin, John M. Davis, Aaron Jastrow, James M. Lazorchak, Marc A. Mills, Mark Murphy, David Nguyen, Alan M. Vajda, Daniel L. Villeneuve, Dana L. Winkelman, Timothy W. Collette
2018, Environmental Pollution (239) 706-713
Rivers in the arid Western United States face increasing influences from anthropogenic contaminants due to population growth, urbanization, and drought. To better understand and more effectively track the impacts of these contaminants, biologically-based monitoring tools are increasingly being used to complement routine chemical monitoring. This study was initiated to assess the...
Hydrothermal discharge from the El Tatio basin, Atacama, Chile
Carolina Munoz-Saez, Michael Manga, Shaul Hurwitz
2018, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (361) 25-35
El Tatio in northern Chile is one of the best-studied geothermal fields in South America. However, there remain open questions about the mass and energy budgets, water recharge rates and residence time in the subsurface, origin of dissolved solutes, and processes affecting the phase and chemical composition of groundwater and...
