Deep fluid pathways beneath Mammoth Mountain, California, illuminated by migrating earthquake swarms
Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis, David R. Shelly, David P. Hill, Andrew M. Pitt, Phillip B. Dawson, Bernard A. Chouet
2018, Science Advances (4) 1-7
Although most volcanic seismicity is shallow (within several kilometers of the surface), some volcanoes exhibit deeper seismicity (10 to 30+ km) that may reflect active processes such as magma resupply and volatile transfer. One such volcano is Mammoth Mountain, California, which has also recently exhibited high rates of CO2 discharge at...
State-level freshwater mussel programs: Current status and a research framework to aid in mussel management and conservation
Kristen L. Bouska, Amanda E. Rosenberger, Stephen E. McMurray, Garth A. Lindner, Kayla N. Key
2018, Fisheries (43) 345-360
Despite increased focus on their ecology and conservation, freshwater mussels remain one of the most imperiled groups of aquatic organisms. We documented current management actions, resources, and challenges in managing freshwater mussels in the United States through a survey of state natural resource agencies. Approximately 85% of surveyed states (N = 40)...
Implications of spatially variable costs and habitat conversion risk in landscape-scale conservation planning
Max Post van der Burg, Neil Chartier, Ryan G. Drum
2018, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (9) 402-414
“Strategic habitat conservation” refers to a process used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to develop cost-efficient strategies for conserving wildlife populations and their habitats. Strategic habitat conservation focuses on resolving uncertainties surrounding habitat conservation to meet specific wildlife population objectives (i.e., targets) and...
Using partial aggregation in spatial capture recapture
Cyril Milleret, Pierre Dupont, Henrik Broseth, Jonas Kindberg, J. Andrew Royle, Richard Bischof
2018, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (9) 1896-1907
Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) models are commonly used for analysing data collected using noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS). Opportunistic NGS often leads to detections that do not occur at discrete detector locations. Therefore, spatial aggregation of individual detections into fixed detectors (e.g., centre of grid cells) is an option to increase...
The confluences of ideas leading to, and the flow of ideas emerging from, individual-based modeling of riverine fishes
Henriette I. Jager, Donald L. DeAngelis
2018, Ecological Modelling (384) 341-352
In this review article, we trace the history of events leading to the development of individual-based models (IBMs) to represent aquatic organisms in rivers and streams. As a metaphor, we present this history as a series of confluences between individual scientists (tributaries) sharing ideas. We describe contributions of these models...
Sea‐level rise, habitat loss, and potential extirpation of a salt marsh specialist bird in urbanized landscapes
Jordan Rosencranz, Karen M. Thorne, Kevin J. Buffington, John Y. Takekawa, Ryan F. Hechinger, Tara E. Stewart, Richard F. Ambrose, Glen M. MacDonald, Mark A. Holmgren, Jeff A. Crooks, Robert T. Patton, Kevin D. Lafferty
2018, Ecology and Evolution (8) 8115-8125
Sea‐level rise (SLR) impacts on intertidal habitat depend on coastal topology, accretion, and constraints from surrounding development. Such habitat changes might affect species like Belding's savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi; BSSP), which live in high‐elevation salt marsh in the Southern California Bight. To predict how BSSP habitat might change under...
Isolation by distance versus landscape resistance: Understanding dominant patterns of genetic structure in Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina)
Mark P. Miller, Raymond J. Davis, Eric D. Forsman, Thomas D. Mullins, Susan M. Haig
2018, PLoS ONE (13) 1-14
Landscape genetics investigations examine how the availability and configuration of habitat influence genetic structure of plants and animals. We used landscape genetics to evaluate the role that forest connectivity plays in determining genetic structure of the federally-threatened Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) using genotypes of 339 Northern Spotted Owls...
Improving understanding of soil organic matter dynamics by triangulating theories, measurements, and models
Joseph C. Blankinship, Susan E. Crow, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Jennifer L. Druhan, Katherine A. Heckman, Marco Keiluweit, Corey R. Lawrence, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Alain F. Plante, Craig Rasmussen, Christina Schadel, Joshua P. Schmiel, Carlos A. Sierra, Aaron Thomson, Rota Wagai, William R. Weider
2018, Biogeochemistry (140) 1-13
Soil organic matter (SOM) turnover increasingly is conceptualized as a tension between accessibility to microorganisms and protection from decomposition via physical and chemical association with minerals in emerging soil biogeochemical theory. Yet, these components are missing from the original mathematical models of belowground carbon dynamics and remain underrepresented in more...
Limits to ponderosa pine regeneration following large high-severity forest fires in the United States Southwest
Collin Haffey, Thomas D. Sisk, Craig D. Allen, Andrea E. Thode, Ellis Q. Margolis
2018, Fire Ecology (14) 143-163
High-severity fires in dry conifer forests of the United States Southwest have created large (>1000 ha) treeless areas that are unprecedented in the regional historical record. These fires have reset extensive portions of Southwestern ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson var. scopulorum Engelm.) forest landscapes. At least two...
The influence of nutrients from carcasses of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) on larval growth and spawner abundance
Daniel M. Weaver, Stephen M. Coghlan Jr., Joseph D. Zydlewski
2018, Fishery Bulletin (116) 142-152
Migrations of anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from marine ecosystems serve as vectors of nutrients into freshwater food webs. Larval sea lamprey reside in streams for 6–8 years as deposit feeders before metamorphosing into juveniles and migrating to the ocean. Previous work has shown that carcass nutrients, which result from...
Hydrothermal discharge from the El Tatio basin, Atacama, Chile
Carolina Munoz-Saez, Michael Manga, Shaul Hurwitz
2018, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (361) 25-35
El Tatio in northern Chile is one of the best-studied geothermal fields in South America. However, there remain open questions about the mass and energy budgets, water recharge rates and residence time in the subsurface, origin of dissolved solutes, and processes affecting the phase and chemical composition of groundwater and...
International Society for Aeolian Research Distinguished Career Award, 2018 Joseph M. Prospero, Dr. Professor Emeritus, University of Miami
Daniel R. Muhs
2018, Aeolian Research (33) iii-iv
It is a pleasure and an honor to present Dr. Joseph M. Prospero of the University of Miami with the International Society for Aeolian Research(ISAR) Distinguished Career Award for 2018. Joe was born at home in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, one of three sons of Italian immigrant parents. He got interested in...
Quantifying population-level effects of water temperature, flow velocity and chemical-induced reproduction depression: A simulation study with smallmouth bass
Tyler Wagner, Vicki S. Blazer, Yan Li
2018, Ecological Modelling (384) 63-74
Evaluating stochastic abiotic factors and their combined effects on fish and wildlife populations have been challenging in environmental sciences. Contributing to this challenge is the paucity of data describing how observations made on individuals related to exposure to chemical compounds ultimately effect population vital rates, and how this exposure interacts...
Snowmelt timing regulates community composition, phenology, and physiological performance of alpine plants
Daniel E. Winkler, Ramona J. Butz, Matthew J. Germino, Keith Reinhardt, Lara M. Kueppers
2018, Frontiers in Plant Science (9) 1-13
The spatial patterning of alpine plant communities is strongly influenced by the variation in physical factors such as temperature and moisture, which are strongly affected by snow depth and snowmelt patterns. Earlier snowmelt timing and greater soil-moisture limitations may favor wide-ranging species adapted to a broader set of ecohydrological conditions...
Host feeding ecology and trophic position significantly influence isotopic discrimination between a generalist ectoparasite and its hosts: Implications for parasite-host trophic studies
William G. Jenkins, Amanda W.J. Demopoulos, Paul C. Sikkel
2018, Food Webs (16)
Despite being one of the most prevalent forms of consumerism in ecological communities, parasitism has largely been excluded from food-web models. Stable isotope analysis of consumers and their diets has been widely used in the study of food webs for decades. However, the amount of information regarding parasite stable isotope...
Direct substitution of fishmeal with bioprocessed soybean meal in brown trout diets
Jill M. Voorhees, Michael Barnes, Steven R. Chipps, Michael Browne
2018, Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development
This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta; initial weight 56.1±1.6 g, length 167.2±1.4 mm, mean ±SE) fed one of four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid). Fishmeal, the primary protein source for the reference diet, was compared to diets where bioprocessed soybean...
Carving Grand Canyon’s inner gorge: A test of steady incision versus rapid knickzone migration
Ryan S. Crow, Karl E. Karlstrom, Laura J. Crossey, Victor Polyak, Yemane Asmerom, William C. McIntosh
2018, Geosphere (14) 1-17
A recent study posits that much of the 240-m-deep inner gorge of Grand Canyon was carved between 500 and 400 ka via passage of a migrating knickzone with incision rates of ~1600 m/Ma during that time period; this was based on dating of a ca. 500 ka travertine deposit perched...
Resurgence of specialized shade coffee cultivation: Effects on pollination services and quality of coffee production
Sara Guiti Prado, Jaime A. Collazo, R. E. Irwin
2018, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment (265) 567-575
Since the early 2000s, there has been a resurgence in shade coffee production on the island of Puerto Rico. The newly restored specialized shade canopy consists of four native tree species, three of which are nitrogen fixers, and is intended to provide 30% shade cover once the trees are matured....
Caldera life-cycles of the Yellowstone hotspot track: Death and rebirth of the Heise Caldera
Marlon M. Jean, Eric H. Christiansen, Duane E. Champion, Scott K. Vetter, William M. Phillips, Stephan Schuth, John W. Shervais
2018, Journal of Petrology (59) 1643-1670
As one of the most geochemically unique drill cores recovered within the Yellowstone–Snake River Plain (YSRP) province, the Sugar City geothermal test well was drilled into intra-caldera rhyolite lavas and tuffs erupted during the middle to late Pliocene and the resurgent basaltic volcanism erupted during the Pleistocene. This sequence...
Subseasonal variations in marine reservoir age from pre-bomb Donax obesulus and Protothaca asperrima shell carbonate
Miguel F. Etayo-Cadavid, C. Fred T. Andrus, Kevin B. Jones, Gregory W. L. Hodgins
2018, Chemical Geology (526) 110-116
Two Donax obesulus and two Protothaca asperrima shells collected prior to the nuclear testing of the 1950's were micromilled at sub-seasonal resolution to yield new reservoir effect (ΔR) estimates for the coast of Peru. Shells from northern (4°40′S to 8°14′S) and central (13°52′S) Peru produced ΔR values of 123 ± 50 and 110 ± 49 years respectively. We found...
Cadmium isotope fractionation during coal combustion: Insights from two U.S. coal-fired power plants
Fotio Fouskas, Ma Lin, Mark A. Engle, Leslie F. Ruppert, Nicholas J. Geboy, Matthew A. Costa
2018, Applied Geochemistry (96) 100-112
Coal combustion, one of the principal energy sources of electricity in the United States, produces over 100 million tons of coal combustion products (CCPs) per year in the U.S. The reuse and disposal of CCPs has the potential to release toxic trace elements, including cadmium (Cd), into the environment. In this study,...
Landsat time series analysis of fractional plant cover changes on abandoned energy development sites
Eric K. Waller, Miguel L. Villarreal, Travis B. Poitras, Travis W. Nauman, Michael C. Duniway
2018, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (73) 407-419
Oil and natural gas development in the western United States has increased substantially in recent decades as technological advances like horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have made extraction more commercially viable. Oil and gas pads are often developed for production, and then capped, reclaimed, and left to recover when no...
Statistical approach to neural network imaging of karst systems in 3D seismic reflection data
Daniel Ebuna, Jared W. Kluesner, Kevin J. Cunningham, Joel H. Edwards
2018, Interpretation (6) B15-B35
The current lack of a robust, standardized technique for geophysical mapping of karst systems can be attributed to both the complexity of the environment and prior technological limitations. Abrupt lateral variations in physical properties that are inherent to karst systems generate significant geophysical noise, challenging conventional seismic signal processing and...
The science, engineering applications, and policy implications of simulation-based PSHA
Morgan P. Moschetti, Sandra P. Chang, C.B Crouse, Arthur D. Frankel, Robert Graves, H Puangnak, Nico Luco, Christine A. Goulet, Sanaz Rezaeian, Allison Shumway, Peter M. Powers, Mark D. Petersen, Scott Callaghan, T.H. Jordan, Kevin R. Milner
2018, Conference Paper, Eleventh United States national conference on earthquake engineering
We summarize scientific methods for developing probabilistic seismic hazard assessments from 3-D earthquake ground motion simulations, describe current use of simulated ground motions for engineering applications, and discuss on-going efforts to incorporate these effects in the U.S. national seismic hazard model. The 3-D simulations provide important, additional information about earthquake...
Dynamic minimum set problem for reserve design: Heuristic solutions for large problems
Mathieu Bonneau, Regis Sabbadin, Fred A. Johnson, Bradley Stith
2018, PLoS ONE (13)
Conversion of wild habitats to human dominated landscape is a major cause of biodiversity loss. An approach to mitigate the impact of habitat loss consists of designating reserves where habitat is preserved and managed. Determining the most valuable areas to preserve in a landscape is called the reserve design problem. There exists several...
