Quantifying drivers of wild pig movement across multiple spatial and temporal scales
Shannon L. Kay, Justin W. Fischer, Andrew J. Monaghan, James C Beasley, Raoul Boughton, Tyler A Campbell, Susan M Cooper, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Stephen B. Hartley, John C Kilgo, Samantha M Wisely, A Christy Wyckoff, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Kim M Pipen
2017, Movement Ecology (5) 1-15
Background The movement behavior of an animal is determined by extrinsic and intrinsic factors that operate at multiple spatio-temporal scales, yet much of our knowledge of animal movement comes from studies that examine only one or two scales concurrently. Understanding the drivers of animal movement across multiple scales is crucial for...
Integrating count and detection–nondetection data to model population dynamics
Elise F. Zipkin, Sam Rossman, Charles B. Yackulic, David Wiens, James T. Thorson, Raymond J. Davis, Evan H. Campbell Grant
2017, Ecology (98) 1640-1650
There is increasing need for methods that integrate multiple data types into a single analytical framework as the spatial and temporal scale of ecological research expands. Current work on this topic primarily focuses on combining capture–recapture data from marked individuals with other data types into integrated population models. Yet, studies...
Season, molt, and body size influence mercury concentrations in grebes
C. Alex Hartman, Joshua T. Ackerman, Mark P. Herzog, Collin A. Eagles-Smith
2017, Environmental Pollution (229) 29-39
We studied seasonal and physiological influences on mercury concentrations in western grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and Clark's grebes (A. occidentalis) across 29 lakes and reservoirs in California, USA. Additionally, at three of these lakes, we conducted a time series study, in which we repeatedly sampled grebe blood mercury concentrations during the...
The role of paleoecology in restoration and resource management—The past as a guide to future decision-making: Review and example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A
G. Lynn Wingard, Christopher E. Bernhardt, Anna Wachnicka
2017, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution (5)
Resource managers around the world are challenged to develop feasible plans for sustainable conservation and/or restoration of the lands, waters, and wildlife they administer—a challenge made greater by anticipated climate change and associated effects over the next century. Increasingly, paleoecologic and geologic archives are being used to extend the period...
Response of bird community structure to habitat management in piñon-juniper woodland-sagebrush ecotones
Steven T. Knick, Steve E. Hanser, James B. Grace, Jeff P. Hollenbeck, Matthias Leu
2017, Forest Ecology and Management (400) 256-268
Piñon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands have been expanding their range across the intermountain western United States into landscapes dominated by sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) shrublands. Management actions using prescribed fire and mechanical cutting to reduce woodland cover and control expansion provided opportunities to understand how environmental structure and...
Climate change may restrict dryland forest regeneration in the 21st century
M.D. Petrie, John B. Bradford, R.M. Hubbard, W.K. Lauenroth, Caitlin M. Andrews, D.R. Schlaepfer
2017, Ecology (98) 1548-1559
The persistence and geographic expansion of dryland forests in the 21st century will be influenced by how climate change supports the demographic processes associated with tree regeneration. Yet, the way that climate change may alter regeneration is unclear. We developed a quantitative framework that estimates forest regeneration potential (RP) as...
UAV lidar and hyperspectral fusion for forest monitoring in the southwestern USA
Temuulen T. Sankey, Jonathon Donager, Jason L. McVay, Joel B. Sankey
2017, Remote Sensing of Environment (195) 30-43
Forest vegetation classification and structure measurements are fundamental steps for planning, monitoring, and evaluating large-scale forest changes including restoration treatments. High spatial and spectral resolution remote sensing data are critically needed to classify vegetation and measure their 3-dimensional (3D) canopy structure at the level of individual species. Here we test...
A genetic signature of the evolution of loss of flight in the Galapagos cormorant
Alejandro Burga, Weiguang Wang, Eyal Ben-David, Paul C. Wolf, Andrew M. Ramey, Claudio Verdugo, Karen Lyons, Patricia G. Parker, Leonid Kruglyak
2017, Science (356)
INTRODUCTIONChanges in the size and proportion of limbs and other structures have played a key role in the evolution of species. One common class of limb modification is recurrent wing reduction and loss of flight in birds. Indeed, Darwin used the occurrence of flightless birds as an...
Nearly 400 million people are at higher risk of schistosomiasis because dams block the migration of snail-eating river prawns
Susanne H. Sokolow, Isabel J. Jones, Merlijn M. T. Jocque, Diana La, Olivia Cords, Anika Knight, Andrea Lund, Chelsea L. Wood, Kevin D. Lafferty, Christopher M. Hoover, Phillip A. Collender, Justin V. Remais, David Lopez-Carr, Jonathan J. Fisk, Armand M. Kuris, Giulio A. De Leo
2017, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (372)
Dams have long been associated with elevated burdens of human schistosomiasis, but how dams increase disease is not always clear, in part because dams have many ecological and socio-economic effects. A recent hypothesis argues that dams block reproduction of the migratory river prawns that eat the snail hosts of schistosomiasis....
Continuity of the Reelfoot fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone
M.L. Greenwood, Edward W Woolery, R. B. Van Arsdale, William J. Stephenson, Gary L. Patterson
2017, BSSA (106) 2674-2685
Previous investigators have argued that the northwest-striking Reelfoot fault of northwest Tennessee and southeastern Missouri is segmented. One segment boundary is at the intersection of the northeast-striking Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely strike-slip faults with the Reelfoot fault. We use seismic reflection and geologic mapping to locate and determine the history of the Reelfoot South...
Relationship between water and aragonite barium concentrations in aquaria reared juvenile corals
Meagan Gonneea Eagle, Anne L. Cohen, Thomas M. DeCarlo, Matthew A. Charette
2017, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (209) 123-134
Coral barium to calcium (Ba/Ca) ratios have been used to reconstruct records of upwelling, river and groundwater discharge, and sediment and dust input to the coastal ocean. However, this proxy has not yet been explicitly tested to determine if Ba inclusion in the coral skeleton is directly proportional to seawater...
Hydrologic characterization of Bushy Park Reservoir, South Carolina, 2013–15
Paul Conrads, Matthew D. Petkewich, W. Fred Falls, Timothy H. Lanier
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5050
The Bushy Park Reservoir is a relatively shallow impoundment in a semi-tropical climate and is the principal water supply for the 400,000 people of the city of Charleston, South Carolina, and the surrounding areas including the Bushy Park Industrial Complex. Although there is an adequate supply of freshwater in the...
Efforts to eradicate yellow crazy ants on Johnston Atoll: Results from crazy ant strike teams X, XI and XII (June 2015–December 2016)
Robert W. Peck, Paul C. Banko, Kevin Donmoyer, Katrina Scheiner, Rebekah Karimi, Stefan Kropidlowski
2017, Technical Report HCSU-TR081
Efforts to eradicate invasive yellow crazy ants (Anoplolepis gracilipes; YCA) on Johnston Atoll have been continuous since their discovery in 2010. Through 2014, a variety of commercial and novel formicidal baits were tested against the ant, but none proved capable of eradication. More recently, polyacrylamide crystals (“hydrogel”) saturated with a sucrose...
The spatial distribution of earthquake stress rotations following large subduction zone earthquakes
Jeanne L. Hardebeck
2017, Earth, Planets and Space (69)
Rotations of the principal stress axes due to great subduction zone earthquakes have been used to infer low differential stress and near-complete stress drop. The spatial distribution of coseismic and postseismic stress rotation as a function of depth and along-strike distance is explored for three recent M ≥ 8.8 subduction megathrust...
Sulfolobus islandicus meta-populations in Yellowstone National Park hot springs
Kate M. Campbell, Angela Kouris, Whitney England, Rika E. Anderson, R. Blaine McCleskey, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Rachel J. Whitaker
2017, Environmental Microbiology (19) 2334-2347
Abiotic and biotic forces shape the structure and evolution of microbial populations. We investigated forces that shape the spatial and temporal population structure of Sulfolobus islandicus by comparing geochemical and molecular analysis from seven hot springs in five regions sampled over 3 years in Yellowstone National Park. Through deep amplicon sequencing, we...
Prehistoric floods on the Tennessee River—Assessing the use of stratigraphic records of past floods for improved flood-frequency analysis
Tessa M. Harden, Jim E. O'Connor
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5052
Stratigraphic analysis, coupled with geochronologic techniques, indicates that a rich history of large Tennessee River floods is preserved in the Tennessee River Gorge area. Deposits of flood sediment from the 1867 peak discharge of record (460,000 cubic feet per second at Chattanooga, Tennessee) are preserved at many locations throughout...
Application of molluscan analyses to the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in estuaries
G. Lynn Wingard, Donna Surge
2017, Book chapter, Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies
Molluscs possess a number of attributes that make them an excellent source of past environmental conditions in estuaries: they are common in estuarine environments; they typically have hard shells and are usually well preserved in sediments; they are relatively easy to detect in the environment; they have limited mobility as...
Diet, feeding patterns, and prey selection of subyearling Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and subyearling chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a tributary of Lake Ontario
J. H. Johnson, K. J. Nash, R. A. Chiavelli, J. A. DiRado, G. E. Mackey, J. R. Knight, A. R. Diaz
2017, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (33) 502-508
Since juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) occupy a similar habitat in Lake Ontario tributaries, we sought to determine the degree of diet similarity between these species in order to assess the potential for interspecific competition. Atlantic salmon, an historically important but currently extirpated component of...
A new seamless, high-resolution digital elevation model of the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary, California
Theresa A. Fregoso, Rueen-Fang Wang, Eli Ateljevich, Bruce E. Jaffe
2017, Open-File Report 2017-1067
Climate change, sea-level rise, and human development have contributed to the changing geomorphology of the San Francisco Bay - Delta (Bay-Delta) Estuary system. The need to predict scenarios of change led to the development of a new seamless, high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the Bay – Delta that can...
Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) death by stick impalement
Shannon Barber-Meyer, Lori Schmidt, L. David Mech
2017, Northeastern Naturalist (24) N11-N14
Although Canis lupus L. (Gray Wolf) individuals are sometimes impaled by sticks, we could find no documentation of natural impalement by sticks as a cause of death for wild Wolves. Here we report on a wild Gray Wolf from northeastern Minnesota that died due to stick puncture of its thorax...
Olivine-melt relationships and syneruptive redox variations in the 1959 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano as revealed by XANES
Rosalind L. Helz, Elizabeth Cottrell, Maryjo N. Brounce, Katherine A. Kelley
2017, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (333-334) 1-14
The 1959 summit eruption of Kīlauea Volcano exhibited high lava fountains of gas-rich, primitive magma, containing olivine + chromian spinel in highly vesicular brown glass. Microprobe analysis of these samples shows that euhedral rims on olivine phenocrysts, in direct contact with glass, vary significantly in forsterite (Fo) content, at constant major-element...
Modelling moose–forest interactions under different predation scenarios at Isle Royale National Park, USA
Nathan R. De Jager, Jason J. Rohweder, Brian R. Miranda, Brian R. Sturtevant, Timothy J. Fox, Mark C. Romanski
2017, Ecological Applications (27) 1317-1337
Loss of top predators may contribute to high ungulate population densities and chronic over-browsing of forest ecosystems. However, spatial and temporal variability in the strength of interactions between predators and ungulates occurs over scales that are much shorter than the scales over which forest communities change, making it difficult to...
Soils as relative-age dating tools
Helaine W. Markewich, Milan J. Pavich, Douglas A. Wysocki
2017, Book chapter, The International Encyclopedia of Geography
Soils develop at the earth's surface via multiple processes that act through time. Precluding burial or disturbance, soil genetic horizons form progressively and reflect the balance among formation processes, surface age, and original substrate composition. Soil morphology provides a key link between process and time (soil age), enabling soils to...
A multi-scale evaluation of pack stock effects on subalpine meadow plant communities in the Sierra Nevada
Steven R. Lee, Eric L. Berlow, Steven M. Ostoja, Matthew L. Brooks, Alexandre Génin, John R. Matchett, Stephen C. Hart
2017, PLoS ONE (12) 1-20
We evaluated the influence of pack stock (i.e., horse and mule) use on meadow plant communities in Sequoia and Yosemite National Parks in the Sierra Nevada of California. Meadows were sampled to account for inherent variability across multiple scales by: 1) controlling for among-meadow variability by using remotely sensed hydro-climatic...
Pulsed strain release on the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China
Ryan D. Gold, Eric Cowgill, J. Ramon Arrowsmith, Anke M. Friedrich
2017, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (459) 291-300
Earthquake recurrence models assume that major surface-rupturing earthquakes are followed by periods of reduced rupture probability as stress rebuilds. Although purely periodic, time- or slip-predictable rupture models are known to be oversimplifications, a paucity of long records of fault slip clouds understanding of fault behavior and earthquake recurrence over multiple...
