Evidence for micronutrient limitation of biological soil crusts: Importance to arid-lands restoration
M. A. Bowker, J. Belnap, D. W. Davidson, S. L. Phillips
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 1941-1951
Desertification is a global problem, costly to national economies and human societies. Restoration of biological soil crusts (BSCs) may have an important role to play in the reversal of desertification due to their ability to decrease erosion and enhance soil fertility. To determine if there is evidence that lower fertility...
Catch rates relative to angler party size with implications for monitoring angler success
L.E. Miranda
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 1005-1010
Angler catch rates often are used to monitor angler success, assess the need for additional management actions, and evaluate the effectiveness of management practices. Potential linkages between catch rate and angler party size were examined to assess how party size might affect the use of catch rate as an index...
Lithologic mapping of the Mordor, NT, Australia ultramafic complex by using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER)
L. C. Rowan, J.C. Mars, C.J. Simpson
2005, Remote Sensing of Environment (99) 105-126
Spectral measurements made in the Mordor Pound, NT, Australia study area using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), in the laboratory and in situ show dominantly Al-OH and ferric-iron VNIR-SWIR absorption features in felsic rock spectra and ferrous-iron and Fe,Mg-OH features in the mafic-ultramafic rock spectra. ASTER...
Characterizing the spatial structure of endangered species habitat using geostatistical analysis of IKONOS imagery
C.S.A. Wallace, S.E. Marsh
2005, International Journal of Remote Sensing (26) 2607-2629
Our study used geostatistics to extract measures that characterize the spatial structure of vegetated landscapes from satellite imagery for mapping endangered Sonoran pronghorn habitat. Fine spatial resolution IKONOS data provided information at the scale of individual trees or shrubs that permitted analysis of vegetation structure and pattern. We derived images...
Volcanic-ash hazard to aviation during the 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
M. Guffanti, J.W. Ewert, G.M. Gallina, G.J.S. Bluth, G.L. Swanson
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (146) 241-255
Within the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Anatahan is one of nine active subaerial volcanoes that pose hazards to major air-traffic routes from airborne volcanic ash. The 2003-2004 eruptive activity of Anatahan volcano affected the region's aviation operations for 3 days in May 2003. On the first day...
Modeling duckweed growth in wastewater treatment systems
L. Landesman, N. C. Parker, C.B. Fedler, M. Konikoff
2005, Livestock Research for Rural Development (17)
Species of the genera Lemnaceae, or duckweeds, are floating aquatic plants that show great promise for both wastewater treatment and livestock feed production. Research conducted in the Southern High Plains of Texas has shown that Lemna obscura grew well in cattle feedlot runoff water and produced leaf tissue with a...
Empirical relations between elastic wavespeeds and density in the Earth's crust
T.M. Brocher
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 2081-2092
A compilation of compressional-wave (Vp) and shear-wave (Vs) velocities and densities for a wide variety of common lithologies is used to define new nonlinear, multivalued, and quantitative relations between these properties for the Earth's crust. Wireline borehole logs, vertical seismic profiles, laboratory measurements, and seismic tomography models provide a diverse...
Analysis of real-time vibration data
E. Safak
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Structures Congress and Exposition
In recent years, a few structures have been instrumented to provide continuous vibration data in real time, recording not only large-amplitude motions generated by extreme loads, but also small-amplitude motions generated by ambient loads. The main objective in continuous recording is to track any changes in structural characteristics, and to...
Mapping impervious surface type and sub-pixel abundance using Hyperion hyperspectral imagery
James A. Falcone, R. Gomez
2005, Geocarto International (20) 3-10
Impervious surfaces have been identified as an important and quantifiable indicator of environmental degradation in urban settings. A number of research efforts have been directed at mapping impervious surface type using multispectral imagery. To date, however, no studies have compared equivalent techniques using multispectral and hyperspectral imagery to that end....
The distribution of phosphorus in Popes Creek, VA, and in the Pocomoke River, MD: Two watersheds with different land management practices in the Chesapeake Bay Basin
N.S. Simon, O.P. Bricker, W. Newell, J. McCoy, R. Morawe
2005, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (164) 189-204
This paper compares phosphorus (P) concentrations in sediments from two watersheds, one with, and one without, intensive animal agriculture. The watersheds are in the coastal plain of the Chesapeake Bay and have similar physiographic characteristics. Agriculture in the Pocomoke River, MD, watershed supplied 2.7 percent of all broiler chickens produced...
Real-time forecasts of tomorrow's earthquakes in California
M.C. Gerstenberger, S. Wiemer, L.M. Jones, P.A. Reasenberg
2005, Nature (435) 328-331
Despite a lack of reliable deterministic earthquake precursors, seismologists have significant predictive information about earthquake activity from an increasingly accurate understanding of the clustering properties of earthquakes. In the past 15 years, time-dependent earthquake probabilities based on a generic short-term clustering model have been made publicly available in near-real time...
A simulation test of the effectiveness of several methods for error-checking non-invasive genetic data
David A. Roon, L.P. Waits, K.C. Kendall
2005, Animal Conservation (8) 203-215
Non-invasive genetic sampling (NGS) is becoming a popular tool for population estimation. However, multiple NGS studies have demonstrated that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping errors can bias demographic estimates. These errors can be detected by comprehensive data filters such as the multiple-tubes approach, but this approach is expensive and time...
Trend analysis of time-series phenology derived from satellite data
B. C. Reed, Jesslyn F. Brown
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005
Remote sensing information has been used in studies of the seasonal dynamics (phenology) of the land surface for the past 15 years. While our understanding of remote sensing phenology is still in development, it is regarded as a key to understanding land surface processes over large areas. Repeat observations from...
Some geometric constraints on ring-width trend
Richard L. Phipps
2005, Tree-Ring Research (61) 73-76
Simulations of tree rings from trees of undisturbed forest sites are used to describe natural, long-term width trends. Ring-width trends of canopy-sized white oak are simulated from regressions of BAI(ring area) data of real trees. Examples are given of a tree from a typical re-growth forest in Illinois and of a...
Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits: S-language software for regression on order statistics
L. Lee, D. Helsel
2005, Computers & Geosciences (31) 1241-1248
Trace contaminants in water, including metals and organics, often are measured at sufficiently low concentrations to be reported only as values below the instrument detection limit. Interpretation of these "less thans" is complicated when multiple detection limits occur. Statistical methods for multiply censored, or multiple-detection limit, datasets have been developed...
Interpreting DNAPL saturations in a laboratory-scale injection using one- and two-dimensional modeling of GPR Data
Raymond H. Johnson, Eileen P. Poeter
2005, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (25) 159-169
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is used to track a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) injection in a laboratory sand tank. Before modeling, the GPR data provide a qualitative image of DNAPL saturation and movement. One-dimensional (1D) GPR modeling provides a quantitative interpretation of DNAPL volume within a given thickness during and...
Impact of geochemical stressors on shallow groundwater quality
Y.-J. An, D.H. Kampbell, S.-W. Jeong, K.P. Jewell, J.R. Masoner
2005, Science of the Total Environment (348) 257-266
Groundwater monitoring wells (about 70 wells) were extensively installed in 28 sites surrounding Lake Texoma, located on the border of Oklahoma and Texas, to assess the impact of geochemical stressors to shallow groundwater quality. The monitoring wells were classified into three groups (residential area, agricultural area, and oil field area)...
Automated mapping of hammond's landforms
Alisa L. Gallant, D.D. Brown, R.M. Hoffer
2005, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (2) 384-388
We automated a method for mapping Hammond's landforms over large landscapes using digital elevation data. We compared our results against Hammond's published landform maps, derived using manual interpretation procedures. We found general agreement in landform patterns mapped by the manual and the automated approaches, and very close agreement in characterization...
Net alkalinity and net acidity 2: Practical considerations
C.S. Kirby, C.A. Cravotta III
2005, Applied Geochemistry (20) 1941-1964
The pH, alkalinity, and acidity of mine drainage and associated waters can be misinterpreted because of the chemical instability of samples and possible misunderstandings of standard analytical method results. Synthetic and field samples of mine drainage having various initial pH values and concentrations of dissolved metals and alkalinity were titrated...
Effects of Hurricane Georges on habitat use by captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) released in the Dominican Republic
T.H. White Jr., J.A. Collazo, F. J. Vilella, S.A. Guerrero
2005, Ornitologia Neotropical (16) 405-417
We radio-tagged and released 49 captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots (Amazona ventralis) in Parque Nacional del Este (PNE), Dominican Republic, during 1997 and 1998. Our primary objective was to develop a restoration program centered on using aviary-reared birds to further the recovery of the critically endangered Puerto Rican Parrot (A. vittata). Hurricane...
Comparison of methods used to estimate conventional undiscovered petroleum resources: World examples
Thomas S. Ahlbrandt, T. R. Klett
2005, Conference Paper, Natural Resources Research
Various methods for assessing undiscovered oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquid resources were compared in support of the USGS World Petroleum Assessment 2000. Discovery process, linear fractal, parabolic fractal, engineering estimates, PETRIMES, Delphi, and the USGS 2000 methods were compared. Three comparisons of these methods were made in: (1)...
Soil organic carbon dynamics as related to land use history in the northwestern Great Plains
Z. Tan, S. Liu, C.A. Johnston, Thomas R. Loveland, L.L. Tieszen, J. Liu, R. Kurtz
2005, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (19) 1-10
Strategies for mitigating the global greenhouse effect must account for soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics at both spatial and temporal scales, which is usually challenging owing to limitations in data and approach. This study was conducted to characterize the SOC dynamics associated with land use change history in the northwestern...
U-Pb zircon geochronology of Mesoproterozoic postorogenic rocks and implications for post-Ottawan magmatism and metallogenesis, New Jersey Highlands and contiguous areas, USA
R.A. Volkert, R. E. Zartman, P.B. Moore
2005, Precambrian Research (139) 1-19
Postorogenic rocks are widespread in Grenville terranes of the north-central Appalachians where they form small, discordant, largely pegmatitic felsic intrusive bodies, veins, and dikes, and also metasomatic calcic skarns that are unfoliated and postdate the regional 1090 to 1030 Ma upper amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism related to the Grenville (Ottawan)...
Gender identification of shovelnose sturgeon using ultrasonic and endoscopic imagery and the application of the method to the pallid sturgeon
M. L. Wildhaber, D. M. Papoulias, A. J. DeLonay, D. E. Tillitt, J.L. Bryan, M.L. Annis, J.A. Allert
2005, Journal of Fish Biology (67) 114-132
Monthly sampling of shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, a biological surrogate for the endangered pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus, was conducted to develop a multiseasonal profile of reproductive stages. Data collected included histological characteristics of gonads from wild caught fish and laboratory and field ultrasonic and endoscopic images. These data were used...
Using fish biomarkers to monitor improvements in environmental quality
D.E. Facey, V. S. Blazer, M.M. Gasper, C.L. Turcotte
2005, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (17) 263-266
The percentage of splenic tissue occupied by macrophage aggregates and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were evaluated in rock bass Ambloplites rupestris from Burlington Harbor, Vermont. In 1992, fish collected from the inner Burlington Harbor area had a significantly greater percentage of splenic tissue occupied by macrophage aggregates and greater HSI than...
