Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 thematic mapper band 6 historical performance and calibration
J. A. Barsi, G. Chander, B. L. Markham, N. Higgs
Butler J.J., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Launched in 1982 and 1984 respectively, the Landsat-4 and -5 Thematic Mappers (TM) are the backbone of an extensive archive of moderate resolution Earth imagery. However, these sensors and their data products were not subjected to the type of intensive monitoring that has been part of the Landsat-7 system since...
Comparison of methods used to estimate conventional undiscovered petroleum resources: World examples
Thomas S. Ahlbrandt, T. R. Klett
2005, Conference Paper, Natural Resources Research
Various methods for assessing undiscovered oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquid resources were compared in support of the USGS World Petroleum Assessment 2000. Discovery process, linear fractal, parabolic fractal, engineering estimates, PETRIMES, Delphi, and the USGS 2000 methods were compared. Three comparisons of these methods were made in: (1)...
Characterizing flow regimes for floodplain forest conservation: An assessment of factors affecting sapling growth and survivorship on three cold desert rivers
D.C. Andersen
2005, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (35) 2886-2899
I analyzed annual height growth and survivorship of Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii S. Watson) saplings on three floodplains in Colorado and Utah to assess responses to interannual variation in flow regime and summer precipitation. Mammal exclosures, supplemented with an insecticide treatment at one site, were used to assess flow regime...
Drill hole logging with infrared spectroscopy
W. M. Calvin, J.G. Solum
2005, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Infrared spectroscopy has been used to identify rocks and minerals for over 40 years. The technique is sensitive to primary silicates as well as alteration products. Minerals can be uniquely identified based on multiple absorption features at wavelengths from the visible to the thermal infrared. We are currently establishing methods...
Potential for calibration of geostationary meteorological satellite imagers using the Moon
T.C. Stone, H. H. Kieffer, I.F. Grant
Butler J.J., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Solar-band imagery from geostationary meteorological satellites has been utilized in a number of important applications in Earth Science that require radiometric calibration. Because these satellite systems typically lack on-board calibrators, various techniques have been employed to establish "ground truth", including observations of stable ground sites and oceans, and cross-calibrating with...
Use of relational databases to evaluate regional petroleum accumulation, groundwater flow, and CO2 sequestration in Kansas
T.R. Carr, D. F. Merriam, J.D. Bartley
2005, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (89) 1607-1627
Large-scale relational databases and geographic information system tools are used to integrate temperature, pressure, and water geo-chemistry data from numerous wells to better understand regional-scale geothermal and hydrogeological regimes of the lower Paleozoic aquifer systems in the mid-continent and to evaluate their potential for geologic CO2 sequestration. The lower Paleozoic...
ASTER DEM performance
H. Fujisada, G. B. Bailey, Glen G. Kelly, S. Hara, M. J. Abrams
2005, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (43) 2707-2713
The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument onboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Terra spacecraft has an along-track stereoscopic capability using its a near-infrared spectral band to acquire the stereo data. ASTER has two telescopes, one for nadir-viewing and another for backward-viewing, with a base-to-height ratio...
Evidence for micronutrient limitation of biological soil crusts: Importance to arid-lands restoration
M. A. Bowker, J. Belnap, D. W. Davidson, S. L. Phillips
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 1941-1951
Desertification is a global problem, costly to national economies and human societies. Restoration of biological soil crusts (BSCs) may have an important role to play in the reversal of desertification due to their ability to decrease erosion and enhance soil fertility. To determine if there is evidence that lower fertility...
Distribution and nature of fault architecture in a layered sandstone and shale sequence: An example from the Moab fault, Utah
N.C. Davatzes, A. Aydin
2005, Book chapter, Faults, Fluid Flow, and Petroleum Traps
We examined the distribution of fault rock and damage zone structures in sandstone and shale along the Moab fault, a basin-scale normal fault with nearly 1 km (0.62 mi) of throw, in southeast Utah. We find that fault rock and damage zone structures vary along strike and dip. Variations are...
Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments
Terry Edgar
2005, Open-File Report 2005-1016
To study how Tampa Bay, Florida, has changed over time, the prehistorical conditions and natural variations in the bay environment are being evaluated. These variations can be tracked by examining the sediments that have accumulated in and around the bay. The prehistorical record, which pre-dates settlers' arrival in the Tampa...
The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management
G.H. Leavesley, S.L. Markstrom, Roland J. Viger, L.E. Hay
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
The increasing complexity of water- and environmental-resource problems require modeling approaches that incorporate knowledge from a broad range of scientific and software disciplines. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the Modular Modeling System (MMS). MMS is an integrated system of computer software for model development,...
Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data
M.J. Unsworth, A.G. Jones, W. Wei, G. Marquis, S.G. Gokarn, J.E. Spratt, P. Bedrosian, J. Booker, C. Leshou, G. Clarke, L. Shenghui, L. Chanhong, D. Ming, J. Sheng, K. Solon, T. Handong, J. Ledo, B. Roberts
2005, Nature (438) 78-81
The Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents formed the Tibetan plateau, beginning about 70 million years ago. Since this time, at least 1,400 km of convergence has been accommodated by a combination of underthrusting of Indian and Asian lithosphere, crustal shortening, horizontal extrusion and lithospheric delamination. Rocks exposed...
Using multiple chemical indicators to assess sources of nitrate and age of groundwater in a karstic spring basin
Brian Katz, R. Copeland, T. Greenhalgh, R. Ceryak, W. Zwanka
2005, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (11) 333-346
Human health and ecological concerns have arisen due to a steady increase in nitrate-N concentrations during the past 40 years in Fannin Springs (0.3-4.7 mg/L), a regional discharge point with an average flow of >2.8 m3/second (>100 ft3/second) for water from the karstic Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA). Multiple chemical indicators...
Use of decision support systems as a drought management tool
D. Frevert, H. Lins
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
Droughts present a unique challenge to water managers throughout the world and the current drought in the western United States is taxing facilities to the limit. Coping with this severe drought requires state of the art decision support systems including efficient and accurate hydrologic process models, detailed hydrologic data bases...
A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths
D.G. Zawada, J.R.V. Zaneveld, E. Boss, W.D. Gardner, M.J. Richardson, A.V. Mishonov
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (110) 1-13
Efforts to understand and model the dynamics of the upper ocean would be significantly advanced given the ability to rapidly determine mixed layer depths (MLDs) over large regions. Remote sensing technologies are an ideal choice for achieving this goal. This study addresses the feasibility of estimating MLDs from optical properties....
The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration
M.N. Nabighian, V. J. S. Grauch, R. O. Hansen, T.R. LaFehr, Y. Li, J.W. Peirce, J. D. Phillips, M.E. Ruder
2005, Geophysics (70) 33ND-61ND
The magnetic method, perhaps the oldest of geophysical exploration techniques, blossomed after the advent of airborne surveys in World War II. With improvements in instrumentation, navigation, and platform compensation, it is now possible to map the entire crustal section at a variety of scales, from strongly magnetic basement at regional...
Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge
Lynne Koontz, Heather Lambert
2005, Open-File Report 2005-1415
The National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 requires all units of the National Wildlife Refuge System to be managed under a Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). The CCP must describe the desired future conditions of a Refuge and provide long range guidance and management direction to achieve Refuge purposes....
Population genetic structure in migratory sandhill cranes and the role of Pleistocene glaciations
Kenneth L. Jones, Gary Krapu, David A. Brandt, Mary V. Ashley
2005, Molecular Ecology (14) 2645-2657
Previous studies of migratory sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) have made significant progress explaining evolution of this group at the species scale, but have been unsuccessful in explaining the geographically partitioned variation in morphology seen on the population scale. The objectives of this study were to assess the population structure and...
Albino mutation rates in red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle L.) as a bioassay of contamination history in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA
C.E. Proffitt, S.E. Travis
2005, Wetlands (25) 326-334
We assessed the sensitivity of a viviparous estuarine tree species, Rhizophora mangle, to historic sublethal mutagenic stress across a fine spatial scale by comparing the frequency of trees producing albino propagules in historically contaminated (n=4) and uncontaminated (n=11) forests in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Data from uncontaminated forests were used...
Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler
J.R. Lacy, C. R. Sherwood, D.J. Wilson, T.A. Chisholm, G.R. Gelfenbaum
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (110) 1-15
Hydrodynamic roughness is a critical parameter for characterizing bottom drag in boundary layers, and it varies both spatially and temporally due to variation in grain size, bedforms, and saltating sediment. In this paper we investigate temporal variability in hydrodynamic roughness using velocity profiles in the bottom boundary layer measured with...
Alunite in the Pascua-Lama high-sulfidation deposit: Constraints on alteration and ore deposition using stable isotope geochemistry
C. L. Deyell, R. Leonardson, R. O. Rye, J. F. H. Thompson, T. Bissig, D. R. Cooke
2005, Economic Geology (100) 131-148
The Pascua-Lama high-sulfidation system, located in the El Indio-Pascua belt of Chile and Argentina, contains over 16 million ounces (Moz) Au and 585 Moz Ag. The deposit is hosted primarily in granite rocks of Triassic age with mineralization occurring in several discrete Miocene-age phreatomagmatic breccias and related fracture networks. The...
Appalachian coal assessment: Defining the coal systems of the Appalachian basin
R. C. Milici
2005, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 9-30
The coal systems concept may be used to organize the geologic data for a relatively large, complex area, such as the Appalachian basin, in order to facilitate coal assessments in the area. The concept is especially valuable in subjective assessments of future coal production, which would require a detailed understanding...
Embryonic developmental progression in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) (Walbaum, 1792) and its relation to lake temperature
Jeffrey D. Allen, Glenn K. Walker, Jean V. Adams, S. Jerrine Nichols, Carol C. Edsall
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 187-209
Developmental progression of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) embryos was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. From this examination, key developmental stages were described in detail. The key developmental stages were then applied to individual lake trout egg lots incubated in constant temperatures of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10°C....
Application of neural networks to prediction of fish diversity and salmonid production in the Lake Ontario basin
James E. McKenna Jr.
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 28-43
Diversity and fish productivity are important measures of the health and status of aquatic systems. Being able to predict the values of these indices as a function of environmental variables would be valuable to management. Diversity and productivity have been related to environmental conditions by multiple linear regression and discriminant...
Temporal changes in the vertical distribution of flow and chloride in deep wells
John A. Izbicki, Allen H. Christensen, Mark W. Newhouse, Gregory A. Smith, Randall T. Hanson
2005, Ground Water (43) 531-544
The combination of flowmeter and depth-dependent water-quality data was used to evaluate the quantity and source of high-chloride water yielded from different depths to eight production wells in the Pleasant Valley area of southern California. The wells were screened from 117 to 437 m below land surface, and in most...
