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Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5014


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Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation


Evapotranspiration from Wetland and Open-Water Sites at Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2008–2010


By David I. Stannard, Marshall W. Gannett, Danial J. Polette, Jason M. Cameron, M. Scott Waibel, and J. Mark Spears

Tables

Table 1. Meteorological and energy-balance sensors, locations, and data acquisition characteristics at eddy‑covariance sites.


Table 2. Biweekly budget periods used for calculations.


Table 3. Regressions used to gap-fill Williamson River, Wood River, and Seven Mile Creek temperature records and their associated goodness of fit statistics. 


Table 4. Percentage of time eddy covariance sensors operating, percentage of time all energy-balance sensors operating, energy-balance ratio, root-mean-squared error between 30-minute available energy and adjusted turbulent flux, and coefficient of determination of 30-minute, daily, and biweekly means of available energy and turbulent flux. 


Table 5. Piecewise linear expressions of crop coefficient at both study sites during the growing season.


Table 6. Results of modeling daily evapotranspiration during the wetland growing season at both sites using piecewise linear models of Kc, superseded by setting Kc = 1.5 during days of precipitation greater than 3 millimeters.


Table 7. Comparison of environmental variables affecting evapotranspiration from April 1 to June 30, 2009 and 2010, at both wetland sites. 


Table 8. Ensemble mean crop coefficients during growing season biweekly periods and mean non-growing season Kc values at both study sites.


Table 9. Results of modeling biweekly evapotranspiration during the study period at both sites using the ensemble-mean Kc approach during the growing season and the mean Kc approach during the non-growing season.


Table 10. Coefficients of fourth-order polynomial fits to biweekly growing season ensemble average Kc values. 


Table 11. Mean evapotranspiration at the study sites and reference evapotranspiration at the Agency Lake weather station during the study period, each year of study, and a full 3-year period. 


Table 12. Comparison of 3-year study period averages with 11-year averages of solar radiation, precipitation, and air temperature. 


Table 13. Comparison of mean 2008–2010 growing season, non-growing season, and annual evapotranspiration of alfalfa, pasture, and Upper Klamath Lake NWR wetland, in meters.


Table 14. Mean growing season, non-growing season, and annual evapotranspiration of Tule Lake NWR fallowed cropland during 2000, and Upper Klamath Lake NWR wetland during 2008–2010, in meters. 


Table 15. Mean surface temperatures, Bowen ratios, net radiation, net water advected energy, energy transferred to lakebed, net change in energy stored in the lake, and energy-budget evaporation rates for biweekly budget periods in 2008, 2009, and 2010.


First posted March 4, 2013

For additional information contact:
Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov

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