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Variations in Water Levels and Chloride Concentrations in the Floridan Aquifer System in Duval County, Florida

By Rick M. Spechler

The topic is Coastal Erosion. Open-File Report 02-426
Introduction
Hydrogeology
Long-Term Chloride Concentration Trends
Selected References
image of Duval County, Florida
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SELECTED REFERENCES

Bradner, L.A., 1999, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-100, 1 sheet.

Bradner, L.A., and Knowles, Leel, Jr., 1999, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, May 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-608, 1 sheet.

Brown, D.P., Miller, J.A., and Hayes, E.C., 1986, Hydrogeologic data from a test well near Ponte Vedra, northeast St. Johns County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-410W, 31 p.

Kindinger, J.L., Davis, J.B., and Flock, J.G., 2000, Subsurface characterization of selected water bodies in the St. Johns River Water Management District, northeast Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-180, 46 p.

Leve, G.W., 1961, Preliminary investigations of ground-water resources of northeast Florida: Tallahassee, Florida Geological Survey Information Circular, no. 27, 28 p.

Leve, G.W., 1966, Ground-water in Duval and Nassau Counties, Florida: Tallahassee, Florida Geological Survey Report of Investigations, no. 43, 91 p.

Leve, G.W., 1980, Seasonal and annual variations in the potentiometric surface of the Floridan aquifer in Duval County, Florida, 1960-1977: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 80-164, 1 sheet.

Marella, R.L., 1995, Water-use data by category, county, and water management district in Florida, 1950-90: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-521, 114 p.

Marella, R.L., 1999, Water withdrawals, use, discharge, and trends in Florida, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4002, 90 p.

Meisburger, E.P., and Field, M.E., 1976, Neogene sediments of Atlantic inner Continental Shelf off northern Florida: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 60, no. 11, p. 2019-2037.

Odum, J.K., Stephenson, W.J., Williams, R.A., Worley, D.M., Toth, D.J., Spechler, R.M., and Pratt, T.L., 1997, Land based high-resolution seismic reflection surveys of seven sites in Duval and St. Johns Counties, northeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-718, 61 p.

Phelps, G.G., 1994, Water resources of Duval County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4130, 78 p.

Phelps, G.G., 2002, Geochemistry and origins of mineralized waters in the Floridan aquifer system, northeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4112, 64 p.

Phelps, G.G., and Spechler, R.M., 1997, The relation between hydrogeology and water quality of the Lower Floridan aquifer in Duval County, Florida, and implications for monitoring movement of saline water: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4242, 58 p.

Popenoe, Peter, Kohout, F.A., and Manheim, F.T., 1984, Seismic-reflection studies of sinkholes and limestone dissolution features on the northeastern Florida shelf, in Proceedings of First Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes: Orlando, Fla., October 15-17, 1984, p. 43-57.

Snyder, S.W., Evans, M.E., Hine, A.C., and Compton, J.S., 1989, Seismic expression of solution collapse features from the Florida platform, in Proceedings of Third Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes, St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, p. 281-297.

Spechler, R.M., 1994, Saltwater intrusion and quality of water in the Floridan aquifer system, northeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4174, 76 p.

Spechler, R.M., 1996, Detection and quality of previously undetermined Floridan aquifer system discharge to the St. Johns River, Jacksonville to Green Cove Springs, northeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 95-4257, 29 p.

Spechler, R.M., and Wilson, W.L., 1997, Stratigraphy and hydrogeology of a submarine collapse sinkhole on the Continental Shelf, northeastern Florida, in Proceedings of Sixth Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes, Springfield, Missouri, April 6-9, 1997, p. 61-66.

Swarzenski, P.W, Reich, C.D., Spechler, R.M., Kindinger, J.L., and Moore, W.S., 2001, Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida: Chemical Geology, v. 179, p. 187-202.

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Figures: Click on a caption to view the figure.
Figure 1. Location of Duval County, Florida.

Figure 2. Total ground-water use in Duval County and adjacent counties, Florida, 1965-1999 (from Marella, 1995, 1999; and R.L. Marella, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2000).

Figure 3. General geology and hydrogeology of Duval County, Florida (modified from Spechler, 1994).

Figure 4. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, January-February 1960 (modified from Leve, 1961).

Figure 5. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, September 1998 (from Bradner, 1999).

Figure 6. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, May 1999 (modified from Bradner and Knowles, 1999).

Figure 7. Approximate decline in potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer from January-February 1960 to May 1999.

Figure 8. Selected wells with long-term water-level or chloride concentration data.

Figure 9. Water levels in selected wells tapping the Floridan aquifer system (well location shown in figure 8).

Figure 10. Cummulative departure from average rainfall at Jacksonville, Florida, 1929-2001.

Figure 11. Chloride concentrations in water from selected wells tapping the Floridan aquifer system (well location shown in figure 8).

Figure 12. Water levels and chloride concentrations in water in well D-164, Fort George Island, 1930-2000.

Figure 2. Total ground-water use in Duval County and adjacent counties, Florida, 1965-1999 (from Marella, 1995, 1999; and R.L. Marella, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2000).

Figure 3. General geology and hydrogeology of Duval County, Florida (modified from Spechler, 1994).

Figure 4. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, January-February 1960 (modified from Leve, 1961).

Figure 5. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, September 1998 (from Bradner, 1999).

Figure 6. Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer, May 1999 (modified from Bradner and Knowles, 1999).

Figure 7. Approximate decline in potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer from January-February 1960 to May 1999.

Figure 8. Selected wells with long-term water-level or chloride concentration data.

Figure 9. Water levels in selected wells tapping the Floridan aquifer system (well location shown in figure 8).

Figure 10. Cummulative departure from average rainfall at Jacksonville, Florida, 1929-2001.

Figure 11. Chloride concentrations in water from selected wells tapping the Floridan aquifer system (well location shown in figure 8).

Figure 12. Water levels and chloride concentrations in water in well D-164, Fort George Island, 1930-2000.


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