Relationship of external fish condition to pathogen prevalence and out-migration survival in juvenile steelhead
Nathan J. Hostetter, A.F. Evans, Daniel D. Roby, K. Collis, M. Hawbecker, B.P. Sandford, D.E. Thompson, F.J. Loge
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 1158-1171
Understanding how the external condition of juvenile salmonids is associated with internal measures of health and subsequent out‐migration survival can be valuable for population monitoring programs. This study investigated the use of a rapid, nonlethal, external examination to assess the condition of run‐of‐the‐river juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss migrating from the Snake River...
Status and distribution of the Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in Kenai Fjords, Alaska
Mayumi L. Arimitsu, John F. Piatt, Marc D. Romano, Thomas I. van Pelt
2011, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (39) 13-22
The Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is a candidate species for listing under the US Endangered Species Act because of its apparent declines within core population areas of coastal Alaska. During the summers of 2006-2008, we conducted surveys in marine waters adjacent to Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska, to estimate the...
Modeling sulfate reduction in methane hydrate-bearing continental margin sediments: Does a sulfate-methane transition require anaerobic oxidation of methane?
A. Malinverno, John W. Pohlman
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
The sulfate‐methane transition (SMT), a biogeochemical zone where sulfate and methane are metabolized, is commonly observed at shallow depths (1–30 mbsf) in methane‐bearing marine sediments. Two processes consume sulfate at and above the SMT, anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) and organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR). Differentiating the relative contribution of each...
Tremor reveals stress shadowing, deep postseismic creep, and depth-dependent slip recurrence on the lower-crustal San Andreas fault near Parkfield
David R. Shelly, Kaj M. Johnson
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38) L13312
The 2003 magnitude 6.5 San Simeon and the 2004 magnitude 6.0 Parkfield earthquakes induced small, but significant, static stress changes in the lower crust on the central San Andreas fault, where recently detected tectonic tremor sources provide new constraints on deep fault creep processes. We find that these earthquakes affect...
Seasonal dripwater Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca variations driven by cave ventilation: Implications for and modeling of speleothem paleoclimate records
C.I. Wong, J.L. Banner, MaryLynn Musgrove
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 3514-3529
A 4-year study in a central Texas cave quantifies multiple mechanisms that control dripwater composition and how these mechanisms vary at different drip sites. We monitored cave-air compositions, in situ calcite growth, dripwater composition and drip rate every 4–6 weeks. Three groups of drip sites are delineated (Groups 1–3) based on...
Effects of temperature changes on maize production in Mozambique
L. Harrison, J. Michaelsen, Chris Funk, G. Husak
2011, Climate Research (46) 211-222
We examined intraseasonal changes in maize phenology and heat stress exposure over the 1979-2008 period, using Mozambique meteorological station data and maize growth requirements in a growing degree-day model. Identifying historical effects of warming on maize growth is particularly important in Mozambique because national food security is highly dependent on...
The influence of the Atlantic Warm Pool on the Florida panhandle sea breeze
V. Misra, L. Moeller, L. Stefanova, S. Chan, J. J. O’Brien, T.J. Smith, N. Plant
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (116)
In this paper we examine the variations of the boreal summer season sea breeze circulation along the Florida panhandle coast from relatively high resolution (10 km) regional climate model integrations. The 23 year climatology (1979-2001) of the multidecadal dynamically downscaled simulations forced by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Department of...
A bayesian approach for determining velocity and uncertainty estimates from seismic cone penetrometer testing or vertical seismic profiling data
Adam Pidlisecky, Seth S. Haines
2011, Canadian Geotechnical Journal (48) 1061-1069
Conventional processing methods for seismic cone penetrometer data present several shortcomings, most notably the absence of a robust velocity model uncertainty estimate. We propose a new seismic cone penetrometer testing (SCPT) data-processing approach that employs Bayesian methods to map measured data errors into quantitative estimates of model uncertainty. We first...
Wave climate and trends along the eastern Chukchi Arctic Alaska coast
L. H. Erikson, C. D. Storlazzi, R. E. Jensen
2011, Conference Paper, Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 - Proceedings of the 2011 Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference
Due in large part to the difficulty of obtaining measurements in the Arctic, little is known about the wave climate along the coast of Arctic Alaska. In this study, numerical model simulations encompassing 40 years of wave hind-casts were used to assess mean and extreme wave conditions. Results indicate that...
Labile Fe(II) concentrations in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean along a transect from the subtropical domain to the Weddell Sea Gyre
G. Sarthou, E. Bucciarelli, F. Chever, S.P. Hansard, M. Gonzalez-Davila, J. M. Santana-Casiano, F. Planchon, S. Speich
2011, Biogeosciences (8) 2461-2479
Labile Fe(II) distributions were investigated in the Sub-Tropical South Atlantic and the Southern Ocean during the BONUS-GoodHope cruise from 34 to 57° S (February–March 2008). Concentrations ranged from below the detection limit (0.009 nM) to values as high as 0.125 nM. In the surface mixed layer, labile Fe(II) concentrations were...
Statistical methods of estimating mining costs
K. R. Long
2011, Conference Paper, SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit and CMA 113th National Western Mining Conference 2011
Until it was defunded in 1995, the U.S. Bureau of Mines maintained a Cost Estimating System (CES) for prefeasibility-type economic evaluations of mineral deposits and estimating costs at producing and non-producing mines. This system had a significant role in mineral resource assessments to estimate costs of developing and operating known...
The importance of within-year repeated counts and the influence of scale on long-term monitoring of sage-grouse
B.C. Fedy, Cameron L. Aldridge
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1022-1033
Long‐term population monitoring is the cornerstone of animal conservation and management. The accuracy and precision of models developed using monitoring data can be influenced by the protocols guiding data collection. The greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is a species of concern that has been monitored over decades, primarily, by counting the...
Habitat suitability and nest survival of white-headed woodpeckers in unburned forests of Oregon
Jeff P. Hollenbeck, Victoria A. Saab, Richard W. Frenzel
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1061-1071
We evaluated habitat suitability and nest survival of breeding white-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolarvatus) in unburned forests of central Oregon, USA. Daily nest-survival rate was positively related to maximum daily temperature during the nest interval and to density of large-diameter trees surrounding the nest tree. We developed a niche-based habitat suitability...
An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation
Y. Yamazaki, K. Yumoto, M.G. Cardinal, B.J. Fraser, P. Hattori, Y. Kakinami, J.Y. Liu, K.J.W. Lynn, R. Marshall, D. McNamara, T. Nagatsuma, V.M. Nikiforov, R.E. Otadoy, M. Ruhimat, B.M. Shevtsov, K. Shiokawa, S. Abe, T. Uozumi, A. Yoshikawa
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics (116)
An empirical model of the quiet daily geomagnetic field variation has been constructed based on geomagnetic data obtained from 21 stations along the 210 Magnetic Meridian of the Circum‐pan Pacific Magnetometer Network (CPMN) from 1996 to 2007. Using the least squares fitting method for geomagnetically quiet days (Kp ≤ 2+),...
Exploring geophysical processes influencing U.S. West Coast precipitation and water supply
F.M. Ralph, K. Prather, D. Cayan
2011, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (92) 352
CalWater Science Workshop; La Jolla, California, 8-10 June 2011 CalWater is a multiyear, multiagency research project with two primary research themes: the effects of changing climate on atmospheric rivers (ARs) and associated extreme events, and the potential role of aerosols in modulating cloud properties and precipitation, especially regarding orographic precipitation...
Seismic and geodetic signatures of fault slip at the Slumgullion Landslide Natural Laboratory
J. Gomberg, W. Schulz, P. Bodin, J. Kean
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
We tested the hypothesis that the Slumgullion landslide is a useful natural laboratory for observing fault slip, specifically that slip along its basal surface and side-bounding strike-slip faults occurs with comparable richness of aseismic and seismic modes as along crustal- and plate-scale boundaries. Our study provides new constraints on models...
Atacamite and paratacamite from the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev seafloor vent field (14°45′N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
Vesselin Dekov, Tanya Boycheva, Ulf Halenius, Sven Petersen, Kjell Billstrom, Jens Stummeyer, G. Kamenov, W. Shanks
2011, Chemical Geology (286) 169-184
Atacamite and paratacamite are ubiquitous minerals associated with Cu-rich massive sulfides at the Logatchev hydrothermal field (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). In this work we provide new details on the mineralogy and geochemistry of these basic cupric chlorides. Our data support the notion that atacamite and paratacamite formation at submarine vent fields is...
Exploring the sensitivity of soil carbon dynamics to climate change, fire disturbance and permafrost thaw in a black spruce ecosystem
J. A. O'Donnell, Jennifer W. Harden, A. David McGuire, V.E. Romanovsky
2011, Biogeosciences (8) 1367-1382
In the boreal region, soil organic carbon (OC) dynamics are strongly governed by the interaction between wildfire and permafrost. Using a combination of field measurements, numerical modeling of soil thermal dynamics, and mass-balance modeling of OC dynamics, we tested the sensitivity of soil OC storage to a suite of individual...
Groundwater chemistry near an impoundment for produced water, Powder River Basin, Wyoming, USA
R. W. Healy, T.T. Bartos, C. A. Rice, M.P. McKinley, B. D. Smith
2011, Journal of Hydrology (403) 37-48
The Powder River Basin is one of the largest producers of coal-bed natural gas (CBNG) in the United States. An important environmental concern in the Basin is the fate of the large amounts of groundwater extracted during CBNG production. Most of this produced water is disposed of in unlined surface...
Occurrence and fate of the herbicide glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid in the atmosphere
Feng-Chih Chang, M.F. Simcik, P. D. Capel
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 548-555
This is the first report on the ambient levels of glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the United States, and its major degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in air and rain. Concurrent, weekly integrated air particle and rain samples were collected during two growing seasons in agricultural areas in...
Is the northern high-latitude land-based CO2 sink weakening?
D.J. Hayes, A. D. McGuire, D. W. Kicklighter, K.R. Gurney, T.J. Burnside, J. M. Melillo
2011, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (25)
Studies indicate that, historically, terrestrial ecosystems of the northern high-latitude region may have been responsible for up to 60% of the global net land-based sink for atmospheric CO2. However, these regions have recently experienced remarkable modification of the major driving forces of the carbon cycle, including surface air temperature warming...
A multitracer approach for characterizing interactions between shallow groundwater and the hydrothermal system in the Norris Geyser Basin area, Yellowstone National Park
W.P. Gardner, David D. Susong, D. K. Solomon, H.P. Heasler
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Multiple environmental tracers are used to investigate age distribution, evolution, and mixing in local‐ to regional‐scale groundwater circulation around the Norris Geyser Basin area in Yellowstone National Park. Springs ranging in temperature from 3°C to 90°C in the Norris Geyser Basin area were sampled for stable isotopes of hydrogen and...
Agricultural practices and residual corn during spring crane and waterfowl migration in Nebraska
Mark H. Sherfy, Michael J. Anteau, A.A. Bishop
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 995-1003
Nebraska's Central Platte River Valley (CPRV) is a major spring‐staging area for migratory birds. Over 6 million ducks, geese, and sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) stage there en route to tundra, boreal forest, and prairie breeding habitats, storing nutrients for migration and reproduction by consuming primarily corn remaining in fields after...
Balancing forest-regeneration probabilities and maintenance costs in dry grasslands of high conservation priority
Janine Bolliger, Thomas C. Edwards Jr., Stefan Eggenberg, Sascha Ismail, Irmi Seidl, Felix Kienast
2011, Conservation Biology (25) 567-576
Abandonment of agricultural land has resulted in forest regeneration in species-rich dry grasslands across European mountain regions and threatens conservation efforts in this vegetation type. To support national conservation strategies, we used a site-selection algorithm (MARXAN) to find optimum sets of floristic regions (reporting units) that contain grasslands of high...
OBIS-USA: a data-sharing legacy of the census of marine life
G.R. Sedberry, D.G. Fautin, M. Feldman, M.D. Fornwall, P. Goldstein, R.P. Guralnick
2011, Oceanography (24) 166-173
The United States Geological Survey's Biological Informatics Program hosts OBIS-USA, the US node of the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). OBIS-USA gathers, coordinates, applies standard formats to, and makeswidely available data on biological collections in marine waters of the United States and other areas where US investigators have collected data...
