Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska
T.P. Birt, D. Mackinnon, John F. Piatt, Vicki L. Friesen
2011, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (39) 45-51
Information about the distribution of genetic variation within and among local populations of the Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is needed for effective conservation of this rare and declining species. We compared variation in a 429 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region and 11 microsatellite loci among 53 Kittlitz's...
Antibiotic use during the intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags into fish
D.M. Mulcahy
2011, Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries (21) 83-96
The use of antibiotics, in particular, the use of a single dose of antibiotics during electronic tag implantation is of unproven value, and carries with it the potential for the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and the alteration of the immune response of the fish. Antibiotic use during electronic...
Late Early Permian continental ichnofauna from Lake Kemp, north-central Texas, USA
S. G. Lucas, S. Voigt, A.J. Lerner, W.J. Nelson
2011, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (308) 395-404
Continental trace fossils of Early Permian age are well known in the western United States from Wolfcampian (~ Asselian to Artinskian) strata, but few examples are known from Leonardian (~ Kungurian) deposits. A substantial ichnofauna from strata of the lower part of the Clear Fork Formation at Lake Kemp, Baylor...
Seasonal movement, residency, and migratory patterns of Wilson's Snipe (Gallinago delicata)
Brittany B. Cline, Susan M. Haig
2011, The Auk (128) 543-555
Cross-seasonal studies of avian movement establish links between geographically distinct wintering, breeding, and migratory stopover locations, or assess site fidelity and movement between distinct phases of the annual cycle. Far fewer studies have investigated individual movement patterns within and among seasons over an annual cycle. Within western Oregon's Willamette Valley...
Revisiting the Earth's sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 to 2008
John A. Church, Neil J. White, Leonard F. Konikow, Catia M. Domingues, J. Graham Cogley, Eric Rignot, Jonathan M. Gregory, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Andrew J. Monaghan, Isabella Velicogna
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
We review the sea-level and energy budgets together from 1961, using recent and updated estimates of all terms. From 1972 to 2008, the observed sea-level rise (1.8 0.2 mm yr-1 from tide gauges alone and 2.1 0.2 mm yr -1 from a combination of tide gauges and altimeter observations) agrees...
Pore networks in continental and marine mudstones: Characteristics and controls on sealing behavior
J.E. Heath, T.A. Dewers, B.J.O.L. McPherson, R. Petrusak, T.C. Chidsey, A.J. Rinehart, P.S. Mozley
2011, Geosphere (7) 429-454
Mudstone pore networks are strong modifiers of sedimentary basin fluid dynamics and have a critical role in the distribution of hydrocarbons and containment of injected fluids. Using core samples from continental and marine mudstones, we investigate properties of pore types and networks from a variety of geologic environments, together with...
Environmental enrichment affects adrenocortical stress responses in the endangered black-footed ferret
S.A. Poessel, Dean E. Biggins, R.M. Santymire, T.M. Livieri, K.R. Crooks, L. Angeloni
2011, General and Comparative Endocrinology (172) 526-533
Potential stressors of wildlife living in captivity, such as artificial living conditions and frequent human contact, may lead to a higher occurrence of disease and reduced reproductive function. One successful method used by wildlife managers to improve general well-being is the provision of environmental enrichment, which is the practice of...
Formulation of a correlated variables methodology for assessment of continuous gas resources with an application to the Woodford play, Arkoma Basin, eastern Oklahoma
Ricardo A. Olea, D.W. Houseknecht, C.P. Garrity, T. A. Cook
2011, Boletin Geologico y Minero (122) 483-496
Shale gas is a form of continuous unconventional hydrocarbon accumulation whose resource estimation is unfeasible through the inference of pore volume. Under these circumstances, the usual approach is to base the assessment on well productivity through estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). Unconventional resource assessments that consider uncertainty are typically done by...
Sea ice loss enhances wave action at the Arctic coast
I. Overeem, R. Scott Anderson, C.W. Wobus, Gary D. Clow, Frank E. Urban, N. Matell
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Erosion rates of permafrost coasts along the Beaufort Sea accelerated over the past 50 years synchronously with Arctic‐wide declines in sea ice extent, suggesting a causal relationship between the two. A fetch‐limited wave model driven by sea ice position and local wind data from northern Alaska indicates that the exposure...
Recent surface temperature trends in the interior of East Antarctica from borehole firn temperature measurements and geophysical inverse methods
A. Muto, T. A. Scambos, K. Steffen, A.G. Slater, Gary D. Clow
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
We use measured firn temperatures down to depths of 80 to 90 m at four locations in the interior of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica to derive surface temperature histories spanning the past few decades using two different inverse methods. We find that the mean surface temperatures near the ice...
Mapping rice areas of South Asia using MODIS multitemporal data
M.K. Gumma, A. Nelson, P.S. Thenkabail, A.N. Singh
2011, Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (5)
Our goal is to map the rice areas of six South Asian countries using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time-series data for the time period 2000 to 2001. South Asia accounts for almost 40% of the world's harvested rice area and is also home to 74% of the population that lives...
USGS 1-min Dst index
J.L. Gannon, Jeffrey J. Love
2011, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (73) 323-334
We produce a 1-min time resolution storm-time disturbance index, the USGS Dst, called Dst8507-4SM. This index is based on minute resolution horizontal magnetic field intensity from low-latitude observatories in Honolulu, Kakioka, San Juan and Hermanus, for the years 1985–2007. The method used to produce the index uses a combination of time-...
Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks
J. J. Beaulieu, J. L. Tank, S. K. Hamilton, W. M. Wollheim, R. O. Hall Jr., P. J. Mulholland, B. J. Peterson, L. R. Ashkenas, L. W. Cooper, Clifford N. Dahm, W. K. Dodds, N. B. Grimm, S. L. Johnson, W. H. McDowell, G. C. Poole, Valett H. Maurice, C. P. Arango, M. J. Bernot, A. J. Burgin, C. L. Crenshaw, A. M. Helton, L. T. Johnson, J. M. O’Brien, J. D. Potter, R.W. Sheibley, D. J. Sobota, S. M. Thomas
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 214-219
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading to river networks is a potentially important source of N2O via microbial denitrification that converts N to N2O and dinitrogen (N2). The...
Predator-induced demographic shifts in coral reef fish assemblages
B.I. Ruttenberg, S.L. Hamilton, S.M. Walsh, Mary Donovan, Alan M. Friedlander, E. DeMartini, E. Sala, S.A. Sandin
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
In recent years, it has become apparent that human impacts have altered community structure in coastal and marine ecosystems worldwide. Of these, fishing is one of the most pervasive, and a growing body of work suggests that fishing can have strong effects on the ecology of target species, especially top...
Effects of black bear relocation on elk calf recruitment at Great Smoky Mountains National Park
J. Yarkovich, J. D. Clark, J.L. Murrow
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1145-1154
Previous research from 2001 to 2006 on an experimentally released elk (Cervus elaphus) population at Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP or Park) indicated that calf recruitment (i.e., calves reaching 1 yr of age per adult female elk) was low (0.306, total SE = 0.090) resulting in low or negative population growth...
Spread of plague among black-tailed prairie dogs is associated with colony spatial characteristics
T. L. Johnson, J.F. Cully Jr., S.K. Collinge, C. Ray, C.M. Frey, B. K. Sandercock
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 357-368
Sylvatic plague (Yersinia pestis) is an exotic pathogen that is highly virulent in black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and causes widespread colony losses and individual mortality rates >95%. We investigated colony spatial characteristics that may influence inter‐colony transmission of plague at 3 prairie dog colony complexes in the Great Plains....
Habitat suitability and nest survival of white-headed woodpeckers in unburned forests of Oregon
Jeff P. Hollenbeck, Victoria A. Saab, Richard W. Frenzel
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1061-1071
We evaluated habitat suitability and nest survival of breeding white-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolarvatus) in unburned forests of central Oregon, USA. Daily nest-survival rate was positively related to maximum daily temperature during the nest interval and to density of large-diameter trees surrounding the nest tree. We developed a niche-based habitat suitability...
Early in-flight detection of SO2 via Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy: A feasible aviation safety measure to prevent potential encounters with volcanic plumes
L. Vogel, B. Galle, C. Kern, Granados H. Delgado, V. Conde, P. Norman, S. Arellano, O. Landgren, P. Lubcke, Nieves J.M. Alvarez, Gonzales L. Cardenas, U. Platt
2011, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions (4) 2827-2881
Volcanic ash constitutes a risk to aviation, mainly due to its ability to cause jet engines to fail. Other risks include the possibility of abrasion of windshields and potentially serious damage to avionic systems. These hazards have been widely recognized 5 since the early 1980s, when volcanic ash provoked several...
Winter habitat associations of diurnal raptors in Californias Central Valley
E.R. Pandolrno, M.P. Herzog, S.L. Hooper, Z. Smith
2011, Western Birds (42) 62-84
The wintering raptors of California's Central Valley are abundant and diverse. Despite this, little information exists on the habitats used by these birds in winter. We recorded diurnal raptors along 19 roadside survey routes throughout the Central Valley for three consecutive winters between 2007 and 2010. We obtained data sufficient...
Causes of systematic over- or underestimation of low streamflows by use of index-streamgage approaches in the United States
K. Eng, J.E. Kiang, Y.-Y. Chen, D.M. Carlisle, G.E. Granato
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 2211-2220
Low-flow characteristics can be estimated by multiple linear regressions or the index-streamgage approach. The latter transfers streamflow information from a hydrologically similar, continuously gaged basin ('index streamgage') to one with a very limited streamflow record, but often results in biased estimates. The application of the index-streamgage approach can be generalized...
Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: Structural controls on hydrothermal alteration and ore mineralization
Byron R. Berger, Richard W. Henley
2011, Ore Geology Reviews (39) 75-90
High-sulfidation copper–gold lode deposits such as Chinkuashih, Taiwan, Lepanto, Philippines, and Goldfield, Nevada, formed within 1500 m of the paleosurface in volcanic terranes. All underwent an early stage of extensive advanced argillic silica–alunite alteration followed by an abrupt change to spatially much more restricted stages of fracture-controlled sulfide–sulfosalt mineral assemblages...
Labile Fe(II) concentrations in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean along a transect from the subtropical domain to the Weddell Sea Gyre
G. Sarthou, E. Bucciarelli, F. Chever, S.P. Hansard, M. Gonzalez-Davila, J. M. Santana-Casiano, F. Planchon, S. Speich
2011, Biogeosciences (8) 2461-2479
Labile Fe(II) distributions were investigated in the Sub-Tropical South Atlantic and the Southern Ocean during the BONUS-GoodHope cruise from 34 to 57° S (February–March 2008). Concentrations ranged from below the detection limit (0.009 nM) to values as high as 0.125 nM. In the surface mixed layer, labile Fe(II) concentrations were...
Pigeonholing pyroclasts: Insights from the 19 March 2008 explosive eruption of Kīlauea volcano
Bruce F. Houghton, Don Swanson, R.J. Carey, J. Rausch, Andrew Sutton
2011, Geology (39) 263-266
We think, conventionally, of volcanic explosive eruptions as being triggered in one of two ways: by release and expansion of volatiles dissolved in the ejected magma (magmatic explosions) or by transfer of heat from magma into an external source of water (phreatic or phreatomagmatic explosions). We document here an event...
Scenarios for coastal vulnerability assessment
Robert J. Nicholls, Colin D. Woodroffe, Virginia Burkett, John Hay, Poh Poh Wong, Leonard Nurse
Eric Wolanski, Donald S. McLusky, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Treatise on estuarine and coastal science: Ecological economics of estuaries and coasts
Coastal vulnerability assessments tend to focus mainly on climate change and especially on sea-level rise. Assessment of the influence of nonclimatic environmental change or socioeconomic change is less well developed and these drivers are often completely ignored. Given that the most profound coastal changes of the twentieth century due to...
Sulfur geochemistry and microbial sulfate reduction during low-temperature alteration of uplifted lower oceanic crust: Insights from ODP Hole 735B
Susan E. Alford, Jeffrey C. Alt, Wayne C. Shanks III
2011, Chemical Geology (286) 185-195
Sulfide petrography plus whole rock contents and isotope ratios of sulfur were measured in a 1.5 km section of oceanic gabbros in order to understand the geochemistry of sulfur cycling during low-temperature seawater alteration of the lower oceanic crust, and to test whether microbial effects may be present. Most samples...
