A proposed lexicon of terms and concepts for human-bear management in North America
John B. Hopkins III, Stephen Herrero, Richard T. Shideler, Kerry A. Gunther, Charles C. Schwartz, Steven T. Kalinowski
2010, Ursus (21) 154-168
We believe that communication within and among agency personnel in the United States and Canada about the successes and failures of their human–bear (Ursidae) management programs will increase the effectiveness of these programs and of bear research. To communicate more effectively, we suggest agencies clearly define terms and concepts used...
Isotopic composition and origin of indigenous natural perchlorate and co-occurring nitrate in the southwestern United States
W. Andrew Jackson, J.K. Bohlke, Baohua Gu, Paul B. Hatzinger, Neil C. Sturchio
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 4869-4876
Perchlorate (ClO4−) has been detected widely in groundwater and soils of the southwestern United States. Much of this ClO4− appears to be natural, and it may have accumulated largely through wet and dry atmospheric deposition. This study evaluates the isotopic composition of natural ClO4− indigenous to the southwestern U.S. Stable...
Chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn in stormwater, roadway dust and stormwater pond sediments
Kimberly M. Camponelli, Steven M. Lev, Joel W. Snodgrass, Edward R. Landa, Ryan E. Casey
2010, Environmental Pollution (158) 2143-2149
This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential...
Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland
Steffanie H. Keefe, Joan S. Daniels, Robert L. Runkel, Roland D. Wass, Eric A. Stiles, Larry B. Barber
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
A series of tracer experiments were conducted biannually at the start and end of the vegetation growing season in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland located near Phoenix, AZ. Tracer experiments were conducted prior to and following reconfiguration and replanting of a 1.2 ha treatment wetland from its original design...
Strontium
M.A. Angulo
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 77-78
In 2009, U.S. apparent consumption of strontium (contained in celestite and manufactured strontium compounds) increased to 16 kt (17,600 st) from 10.6 kt (11,700 st) in 2008, an increase of 52 percent. This increase was attributed primarily to an increase in imported celestite. Gross weight of imports totaled 25.3 kt...
Conodont biostratigraphy of a more complete Reef Trail Member section near the type section, latest Guadalupian Series type region
Bruce R. Wardlaw, L.L. Lambert, G.L. Bell Jr., J.A. Fronimos, M.O. Yisa
2010, Micropaleontology (56) 233-253
The original type section of the Reef Trail Member (uppermost part of the Bell Canyon Formation) is called the Park Boundary Section, and is less than satisfactory in several aspects. We propose a new reference section designated Reef Trail Reference section 1 (RTR1) on the same hill as the original...
Effect of clay content and mineralogy on frictional sliding behavior of simulated gouges: binary and ternary mixtures of quartz, illite, and montmorillonite
Sheryl Tembe, David A. Lockner, Teng-Fong Wong
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
We investigated the frictional sliding behavior of simulated quartz-clay gouges under stress conditions relevant to seismogenic depths. Conventional triaxial compression tests were conducted at 40 MPa effective normal stress on saturated saw cut samples containing binary and ternary mixtures of quartz, montmorillonite, and illite. In all cases, frictional strengths of...
Industrial garnet
D.W. Olson
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 55-56
In 2009, U.S. production of crude garnet concentrate for industrial use was estimated to be 56.5 kt (62,300 st), valued at about $8.85 million. This was a 10-percent decrease in quantity compared with 2008 production. Refined garnet material sold or used was 28 kt (31,000 st) valued at $7.96 million....
Dioszegia antarctica sp. nov. and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp. nov., psychrophilic basidiomycetous yeasts from polar desert soils in Antarctica
Russell J. Rodriguez, L. Connell, R. Redman, A. Barrett, M. Iszard, A. Fonseca
2010, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (60) 1466-1472
During a survey of the culturable soil fungal population in samples collected in Taylor Valley, South Victoria Land, Antarctica, 13 basidiomycetous yeast strains with orange-coloured colonies were isolated. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial LSU rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains belong to the Dioszegia clade...
Bromine
Lori E. Apodaca
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 41-42
The entire U.S. production of bromine in 2009 came from underground brines in Arkansas, where it was the leading mineral commodity produced in terms of value. Two companies, Albermarle Corp. and Chemtura Corp., were responsible for bromine recovery. Worldwide, the United States is still the leading producer. However, U.S. dominance...
The effect of error in theoretical Earth tide on calibration of borehole strainmeters
John O. Langbein
2010, Geophysical Research Letters (37)
Since the installation of borehole strainmeters into the ground locally distorts the strain in the rock, these strainmeters require calibration from a known source which typically is the Earth tide. Consequently, the accuracy of the observed strain changes from borehole strainmeters depends upon the calibration derived from modeling the Earth...
Do three massive coral species from the same reef record the same SST signal? A test from the Dry Tortugas, Florida Keys
K. L. DeLong, R.Z. Poore, C. D. Reich, J. A. Flannery, Christopher R. Maupin, T. M. Quinn
2010, Conference Paper
Paleoclimatologists have reconstructed century-long records of sea surface temperature (SST) in the Pacific using the Sr/Ca of massive corals, whereas similar reconstructions in the Atlantic have not proceeded at the same pace. Past research in the Florida Keys has focused on Montastrea spp., an abundant and fast-growing massive coral, thus a...
Importance of benthic production to fish populations in Lake Mead prior to the establishment of quagga mussels
John Umek, Sudeep Chandra, Michael Rosen, Marion Wittmann, Joe Sullivan, Erik Orsak
2010, Lake and Reservoir Management (26) 293-305
Limnologists recently have developed an interest in quantifying benthic resource contributions to higher-level consumers. Much of this research focuses on natural lakes with very little research in reservoirs. In this study, we provide a contemporary snapshot of the food web structure of Lake Mead to evaluate the contribution of benthic...
Longitudinal structure in temperate stream fish communities: evaluating conceptual models with temporal data
James H. Roberts, Nathaniel P. Hitt
2010, Conference Paper, Community ecology of stream fishes : concepts, approaches, and techniques; American Fisheries Symposium 73
Five conceptual models of longitudinal fish community organization in streams were examined: (1) niche diversity model (NDM), (2) stream continuum model (SCM), (3) immigrant accessibility model (IAM), (4) environmental stability model (ESM), and (5) adventitious stream model (ASM). We used differences among models in their predictions about temporal species turnover,...
Groundwater hydrology--coastal flow
Ward E. Sanford
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 671-672
How groundwater flow varies when long-term external conditions change is little documented. Geochemical evidence shows that sea-level rise at the end of the last glacial period led to a shift in the flow patterns of coastal groundwater beneath Florida....
Mineral resource of the month: germanium
David Guberman
2010, Earth (55) 27-27
The article provides information on germanium, an element with electrical properties between those of a metal and an insulator. Applications of germanium include its use as a component of the glass in fiber-optic cable, in infrared optics devices and as a semiconductor and substrate used in electronic and solar applications....
Mineral resource of the month: iron ore
John Jorgenson
2010, Earth (55) 29-29
The article provides information on iron ore, including its use in steelmaking....
Mineral resource of the month: salt
Dennis S. Kostick
2010, Earth (55) 27-27
The article presents information on various types of salt. Rock salt is either found from underground halite deposits or near the surface. Other types of salt include solar salt, salt brine, and vacuum pan salt. The different uses of salt are also given including its use as a flavor enhancer,...
Bauxite and alumina
E.L. Bray
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 40-41
The article reports on the global market performance of bauxite and alumina in 2009 and presents an outlook for their 2010 performance. There were only several U.S. states that could produce bauxite and bauxitic clays including Georgia, Arkansas, and Alabama. The prices for imported refractory-grade calcined bauxite ranged between 426...
Mineral resource of the month: silicon
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2010, Earth (55) 27-27
The article offers information about silicon, a metalloid element which is considered the second-most abundant element in the Earth crust....
Identification, characterization and genetic mapping of TLR7, TLR8a1 and TLR8a2 genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Yniv Palti, Scott A. Gahr, Maureen K. Purcell, Sima Hadidi, Caird E. Rexroad III, Gregory A. Wiens
2010, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (34) 219-233
Induction of the innate immune pathways is critical for early anti-viral defense but there is limited understanding of how teleost fish recognize viral molecules and activate these pathways. In mammals, Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7 and 8 bind single-stranded RNA of viral origin and are activated by synthetic anti-viral imidazoquinoline compounds....
Perlite
W.P. Bolen
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 67-67
Consumption, imports and domestic production of perlite in the United States continued to be severely affected by the multi-year downturn in construction activity and decreased consumer spending. The estimated amount of processed perlite sold or used from U.S. mines in 2009 fell to 380 kt (418,000 st), the lowest amount...
Large-scale coastal change in the Columbia River littoral cell: an overview
Guy Gelfenbaum, George M. Kaminsky
2010, Marine Geology (273) 1-10
This overview introduces large-scale coastal change in the Columbia River littoral cell (CRLC). Covering 165 km of the southwest Washington and northwest Oregon coasts, the littoral cell is made up of wide low-sloping dissipative beaches, broad coastal dunes and barrier plains, three large estuaries, and is bounded by rocky headlands....
Current challenges using models to forecast seawater intrusion: lessons from the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
Ward E. Sanford, Jason P. Pope
2010, Hydrogeology Journal (18) 73-93
A three-dimensional model of the aquifer system of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA was calibrated to reproduce historical water levels and forecast the potential for saltwater intrusion. Future scenarios were simulated with two pumping schemes to predict potential areas of saltwater intrusion. Simulations suggest that only a few wells...
Meeting report: knowledge and gaps in developing microbial criteria for inland recreational waters
Samuel Dorevitch, Nicholas J. Ashbolt, Christobel M. Ferguson, Roger Fujioka, Charles D. McGee, Jeffrey A. Soller, Richard L. Whitman
2010, Environmental Health Perspectives (118) 871-876
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has committed to issuing in 2012 new or revised criteria designed to protect the health of those who use surface waters for recreation. For this purpose, the U.S. EPA has been conducting epidemiologic studies to establish relationships between microbial measures of water quality and...
