Determining Titan's spin state from Cassini RADAR images
B.W. Stiles, Randolph L. Kirk, R. D. Lorenz, S. Hensley, E. Lee, S.J. Ostro, M.D. Allison, P.S. Callahan, Y. Gim, L. Iess, Del Marmo, G. Hamilton, W.T.K. Johnson, R.D. West
2008, Astronomical Journal (135) 1669-1680
For some 19 areas of Titan's surface, the Cassini RADAR instrument has obtained synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images during two different flybys. The time interval between flybys varies from several weeks to two years. We have used the apparent misregistration (by 10-30 km) of features between separate flybys to construct...
Soil sedimentology at Gusev Crater from Columbia Memorial Station to Winter Haven
N.A. Cabrol, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, R. Greeley, E.A. Grin, C. Schroder, C. d’Uston, C. Weitz, R.A. Yingst, B. A. Cohen, Jeff Moore, A. Knudson, B. Franklin, R. C. Anderson, R. Li
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (113)
A total of 3140 individual particles were examined in 31 soils along Spirit's traverse. Their size, shape, and texture were quantified and classified. They represent a unique record of 3 years of sedimentologic exploration from landing to sol 1085 covering the Plains Unit to Winter Haven where Spirit spent the...
Landslide hazard mitigation in North America
G. F. Wieczorek, P.P. Leahy
2008, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (14) 133-144
Active landslides throughout the states and territories of the United States result in extensive property loss and 25-50 deaths per year. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long history of detailed examination of landslides since the work of Howe (1909) in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado. In the...
Alaska Melilotus invasions: Distribution, origin, and susceptibility of plant communities
J.S. Conn, K.L. Beattie, M.A. Shephard, M.L. Carlson, I. Lapina, M. Hebert, R. Gronquist, R. Densmore, M. Rasy
2008, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (40) 298-308
Melilotus alba and M. officinalis were introduced to Alaska in 1913 as potential forage crops. These species have become naturalized and are now invading large, exotic plant-free regions of Alaska. We determined distributions of M. alba and M. officinalis in Alaska from surveys conducted each summer from 2002 to 2005....
Linking landscapes and habitat suitability scores for diadromous fish restoration in the susquehanna river basin
P.M. Kocovsky, R. M. Ross, D. S. Dropkin, J.M. Campbell
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 906-918
Dams within the Susquehanna River drainage, Pennsylvania, are potential barriers to migration of diadromous fishes, and many are under consideration for removal to facilitate fish passage. To provide useful input for prioritizing dam removal, we examined relations between landscape-scale factors and habitat suitability indices (HSIs) for native diadromous species of...
Low reservoir ages for the surface ocean from mid-Holocene Florida corals
E.R.M. Druffel, L.F. Robinson, S. Griffin, R. B. Halley, J. R. Southon, J.F. Adkins
2008, Paleoceanography (23)
The 14C reservoir age of the surface ocean was determined for two Holocene periods (4908-4955 and 3008-3066 calendar (cal) B.P.) using U/Th-dated corals from Biscayne National Park, Florida, United States. We found that the average reservoir ages for these two time periods (294 ?? 33 and 291 ?? 27 years,...
Differential exposure, duration, and sensitivity of unionoidean bivalve life stages to environmental contaminants
W.G. Cope, R.B. Bringolf, D.B. Buchwalter, T.J. Newton, C.G. Ingersoll, N. Wang, T. Augspurger, F.J. Dwyer, M.C. Barnhart, R. J. Neves, E. Hammer
2008, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (27) 451-462
Freshwater mussels (superfamily Unionoidea) are in serious global decline and in urgent need of protection and conservation. The declines have been attributed to a wide array of human activities resulting in pollution and water-quality degradation, and habitat destruction and alteration. Linkages among poor water quality, pollutant sources, and mussel decline...
Satellite-derived aerosol radiative forcing from the 2004 British Columbia wildfires
Song Guo, H. Leighton
2008, Atmosphere - Ocean (46) 203-212
The British Columbia wildfires of 2004 was one of the largest wildfire events in the last ten years in Canada. Both the shortwave and longwave smoke aerosol radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) are investigated using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Clouds and the Earth's...
Infiltration from an impoundment for coal‐bed natural gas, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Evolution of water and sediment chemistry
Richard W. Healy, Cynthia A. Rice, Timothy T. Bartos, Michael P. McKinley
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
Development of coal‐bed natural gas (CBNG) in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, has increased substantially in recent years. Among environmental concerns associated with this development is the fate of groundwater removed with the gas. A preferred water‐management option is storage in surface impoundments. As of January 2007, permits for more...
Climate-induced variations of geyser periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA
Shaul Hurwitz, Ashish Kumar, Ralph Taylor, Henry Heasler
2008, Geology (36) 451-454
The geysers of Yellowstone National Park, United States, attract millions of visitors each year, and their eruption dynamics have been the subject of extensive research for more than a century. Although many of the fundamental aspects associated with the dynamics of geyser eruptions have been elucidated, the relationship between external...
Species composition and habitat associations of benthic algal assemblages in headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada, California
L. R. Brown, J. T. May, C.T. Hunsaker
2008, Western North American Naturalist (68) 194-209
Despite their trophic importance and potential importance as bioindicators of stream condition, benthic algae have not been well studied in California. In particular there are few studies from small streams in the Sierra Nevada. The objective of this study was to determine the standing crop of chlorophyll-a and benthic algal...
Relative abundance of mesopredators and size of oak patches in the cross-timbers ecoregion
M.R. Disney, E. C. Hellgren, C.A. Davis, David M. Leslie Jr., David M. Engle
2008, Southwestern Naturalist (53) 214-223
Mesopredators (e.g., raccoon Procyon lotor, Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana, striped skunk Mephitis mephitis) have received considerable attention because of links to population declines in birds via increased nest predation, especially in landscapes fragmented by anthropogenic forces. Relationships of abundance of mesopredators to size of habitat patches have received less attention...
A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States
Meerveld H. J. Tromp-van H. J., A.L. James, Jeffery J. McDonnell, N.E. Peters
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
Although many hillslope hydrologic investigations have been conducted in different climate, topographic, and geologic settings, subsurface stormflow remains a poorly characterized runoff process. Few, if any, of the existing data sets from these hillslope investigations are available for use by the scientific community for model development and validation or conceptualization...
Induced dynamic nonlinear ground response at Gamer Valley, California
Z. Lawrence, P. Bodin, C.A. Langston, F. Pearce, J. Gomberg, P.A. Johnson, F.-Y. Menq, T. Brackman
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 1412-1428
We present results from a prototype experiment in which we actively induce, observe, and quantify in situ nonlinear sediment response in the near surface. This experiment was part of a suite of experiments conducted during August 2004 in Garner Valley, California, using a large mobile shaker truck from the Network...
Climatically driven loss of calcium in steppe soil as a sink for atmospheric carbon
A.G. Lapenis, G.B. Lawrence, S.W. Bailey, B.F. Aparin, A.I. Shiklomanov, N.A. Speranskaya, M.S. Torn, M. Calef
2008, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (22)
During the last several thousand years the semi-arid, cold climate of the Russian steppe formed highly fertile soils rich in organic carbon and calcium (classified as Chernozems in the Russian system). Analysis of archived soil samples collected in Kemannaya Steppe Preserve in 1920, 1947, 1970, and fresh samples collected in...
Analytical and numerical analyses of an unconfined aquifer test considering unsaturated zone characteristics
A.F. Moench
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
A 7-d, constant rate aquifer test conducted by University of Waterloo researchers at Canadian Forces Base Borden in Ontario, Canada, is useful for advancing understanding of fluid flow processes in response to pumping from an unconfined aquifer. Measured data include not only drawdown in the saturated zone but also volumetric...
Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes
Stephen C. Harmsen, Stephen H. Hartzell
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 1243-1271
Models of the Santa Clara Valley (SCV) 3D velocity structure and 3D finite-difference software are used to predict ground motions from scenario earthquakes on the San Andreas (SAF), Monte Vista/Shannon, South Hayward, and Calaveras faults. Twenty different scenario ruptures are considered that explore different source models with alternative hypocenters, fault...
Drift dynamics of larval pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon in a natural side channel of the Upper Missouri River, Montana
P.J. Braaten, D.B. Fuller, L.D. Holte, R.D. Lott, W. Viste, T.F. Brandt, R.G. Legare
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 808-826
The drift dynamics of larval shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (1, 2, 6, and 10 d posthatch [dph]) and pallid sturgeon S. albus (1, 2, 5, 9, 11, and 17 dph) were examined in a natural side channel of the Missouri River to quantify the vertical drift location of larvae in...
Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping
S.K. Maxwell, M.E. Craig
2008, Geocarto International (23) 169-179
Failure of the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) on the Landsat ETM+ sensor has had a major impact on many applications that rely on continuous medium resolution imagery to meet their objectives. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) program uses Landsat imagery as the primary source...
Flow unit modeling and fine-scale predicted permeability validation in Atokan sandstones: Norcan East Kansas
S. Bhattacharya, A.P. Byrnes, W.L. Watney, J.H. Doveton
2008, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (92) 709-732
Characterizing the reservoir interval into flow units is an effective way to subdivide the net-pay zone into layers for reservoir simulation. Commonly used flow unit identification techniques require a reliable estimate of permeability in the net pay on a foot-by-foot basis. Most of the wells do not have cores, and...
Paleoseismic targets, seismic hazard, and urban areas in the Central and Eastern United States
R. L. Wheeler
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 1572-1580
Published geologic information from the central and eastern United States identifies 83 faults, groups of sand blows, named seismic zones, and other geological features as known or suspected products of Quaternary tectonic faulting. About one fifth of the features are known to contain faulted Quaternary materials or seismically induced liquefaction...
Using bioenergetics modeling to estimate consumption of native juvenile salmonids by nonnative northern pike in the Upper Flathead River System, Montana
C.C. Muhlfeld, D.H. Bennett, Steinhorst R. Kirk, B. Marotz, M. Boyer
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 636-648
Introductions of nonnative northern pike Esox lucius have created recreational fisheries in many waters in the United States and Canada, yet many studies have shown that introduced northern pike may alter the composition and structure of fish communities through predation. We estimated the abundance of nonnative northern pike (2002-2003) and...
Does the use of vaginal-implant transmitters affect neonate survival rate of white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus?
C. C. Swanson, J.A. Jenks, C.S. DePerno, R. W. Klaver, R. G. Osborn, J.A. Tardiff
2008, Wildlife Biology (14) 272-279
We compared survival of neonate white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus captured using vaginal-implant transmitters (VITs) and traditional ground searches to determine if capture method affects neonate survival. During winter 2003, 14 adult female radio-collared deer were fitted with VITs to aid in the spring capture of neonates; neonates were captured using VITs (N=14)...
Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida
Patrick C. Ely, S.P. Young, J. Jeffery Isely
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 827-831
We estimated the population size of migrating Alabama shad Alosa alabamae below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam in the Apalachicola River (located in the central panhandle of northwestern Florida) using mark-recapture and relative abundance techniques. After adjustment for tag loss, emigration, and mortality, the population size was estimated as 25,935...
Response of fish populations to natural channel design restoration in streams of the Catskill Mountains, New York
Barry P. Baldigo, D.R. Warren, A.G. Ernst, C.I. Mulvihill
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 954-969
Many streams and rivers throughout North America have been extensively straightened, widened, and hardened since the middle 1800s, but related effects on aquatic ecosystems have seldom been monitored, described, or published. Beginning in the early 1990s, reach-level restoration efforts began to base projects on natural channel design (NCD) techniques and...
