ART AND SCIENCE OF IMAGE MAPS.
Richard D. Kidwell, Joseph A. McSweeney
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Annual Meeting
The visual image of reflected light is influenced by the complex interplay of human color discrimination, spatial relationships, surface texture, and the spectral purity of light, dyes, and pigments. Scientific theories of image processing may not always achieve acceptable results as the variety of factors, some psychological, are in part,...
Impulsive radon emanation on a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault, California
C.-Y. King
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 340-352
Radon emanation was continuously monitored for several months at two locations along a creeping segment of the San Andreas fault in central California. The recorded emanations showed several impulsive increases that lasted as much as five hours with amplitudes considerably larger than meteorologically induced diurnal variations. Some of the radon...
STREAMFLOW LOSSES, CONSEQUENT FLOW THROUGH A THICK UNSATURATED ZONE, AND RECHARGE TO AN UNCONFINED AQUIFER.
J.R. Marie
1985, Conference Paper
Two experiments were conducted in conjunction with a 23-day aquifer test made in south-central Arizona to determine (1) water loss from a natural channel and (2) flow through a 330-foot-thick unsaturated zone overlying an unconfined aquifer. The experiments provided control for the aquifer test plus results relative to arid land...
APPLICATION OF THE AERIAL PROFILING OF TERRAIN SYSTEM.
Edward J. Cyran
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The U. S. Geological Survey has completed the performance evaluation flight tests of the Aerial Profiling of Terrain System (APTS) and is now performing a series of application tests to determine its effectiveness and efficiency as an earth-science data collection tool. These tests are designed to evaluate the APTS at...
Role of submarine canyons in shaping the rise between Lydonia and Oceanographer canyons, Georges Bank
Bonnie A. McGregor
1985, Marine Geology (62) 277-293
Three large submarine canyons, Oceanographer, Gilbert, and Lydonia, indent the U.S. Atlantic continental shelf and, with four additional canyons, dissect the continental slope in the vicinity of Georges Bank. On the upper rise, these canyons merge at a water depth of approximately 3100 m to form only two valleys. Differences...
URBAN STORMWATER INVESTIGATIONS BY THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
Marshall E. Jennings
1985, Conference Paper
Urban stormwater hydrology studies in the U. S. Geological Survey are currently focused on compilation of national data bases containing flood-peak and short time-interval rainfall, discharge and water-quality information for urban watersheds. Current data bases, updated annually, are nationwide in scope. Supplementing the national data files are published reports of...
Petrology and tectonic significance of augen gneiss from a belt of Mississippian granitoids in the Yukon-Tanana terrane, east- central Alaska
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, John N. Aleinikoff
1985, Geological Society of America Bulletin (96) 411-425
An approximately E-W-trending belt of porphyritic peraluminous granitic rocks, metamorphosed and deformed to augen gneiss, is exposed for 400 km across the Yukon-Tanana terrain. Chemical, textural, and isotopic data from large augen-gneiss bodies indicate that these bodies originated as early Mississippian granitic rocks that assimilated, or were anatectically derived from,...
MONITORING THE EARTH - TOO MANY PLAYERS?
Gene A. Thorley
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Annual Meeting
Remote sensing from satellites provides a unique tool to measure the parameters of the Earth on a worldwide scale. A number of organizations are currently engaged in, or proposing to embark on, worldwide measurement/monitoring programs. Program objectives vary in type and complexity, including a form of technical library and an...
Source pulse enhancement by deconvolution of an empirical Green's function
Charles S. Mueller
1985, Geophysical Research Letters (12) 33-36
Observations of the earthquake source-time function are enhanced if path, recording-site, and instrument complexities can be removed from seismograms. Assuming that a small earthquake has a simple source, its seismogram can be treated as an empirical Green's function and deconvolved from the seismogram of a larger...
CONMAP - USGS MARINE MAPPING PROGRAM.
Edward C. Escowitz
1985, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The U. S. Geological Survey has commenced a marine mapping program, CONMAP (the Continental Margin Maps), which is supported by, and dependent on, a foundation of digital data-bases. The goal of the program's first phase is to prepare a series of maps that completely cover the Exclusive Economic Zone. The...
The use of natural waters as U.S. Geological Survey reference samples
Victor J. Janzer
1985, Conference Paper, Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements
The U.S. Geological Survey conducts research and collects hydrologic data relating to the Nation's water resources. Two water quality laboratories in Atlanta, Georgia, and Denver, Colorado, support the national research programs, and provide chemical analyses of natural waters for the data program. Additional chemical water quality data are provided by...
ORTHOPHOTOQUAD MAPPING PROGRAM FOR ALASKA.
James R. Plasker
1985, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) is the lead civilian mapping agency in the United States and is responsible for creating and maintaining numerous map series. In Alaska the standard topographic map series is at a scale of 1:63,360, and maps at that scale have been available from the USGS...
Validation of an automated fluorescein method for determining bromide in water
M. J. Fishman, L.J. Schroder, L.C. Friedman
1985, Water Research (19) 497-501
Surface, atmospheric precipitation and deionized water samples were spiked with ??g l-1 concentrations of bromide, and the solutions stored in polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene bottles. Bromide was determined periodically for 30 days. Automated fluorescein and ion chromatography methods were used to determine bromide in these prepared samples. Analysis of the data...
Water-rock interactions in fault gouge
J. R. O’Neil
1985, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (122) 440-446
Measurements were made of the amounts of D,18O, and H2O+ in fault gouge collected over a depth of 400 m in the San Andreas fault of California. The amounts and isotopic compositions of the pore fluids, also analyzed, suggest that formation waters from adjacent Franciscan rocks have migrated into the...
Time scales of change in the San Francisco Bay benthos
F.H. Nichols, J.K. Thompson
1985, Hydrobiologia (129) 121-138
Results from multi-year investigations in the San Francisco Bay estuary show that large abundance fluctuations within benthic macroinvertebrate populations reflect both (1) within-year periodicity of reproduction, recruitment, and mortality that is not necessarily coincident with seasonal changes of the environment (e.g., the annual temperature cycle), and (2) aperiodic density changes...
Possible tsunami along the northwestern coast of the United States inferred from Indian traditions
Thomas H. Heaton, Parke D. Snavely Jr.
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 1455-1460
No abstract available....
APPLICATIONS OF BOREHOLE-ACOUSTIC METHODS IN ROCK MECHANICS.
Frederick L. Paillet
1985, Conference Paper, Proceedings - Symposium on Rock Mechanics
Acoustic-logging methods using a considerable range of wavelengths and frequencies have proven very useful in the in situ characterization of deeply buried crystalline rocks. Seismic velocities are useful in investigating the moduli of unfractured rock, and in producing a continuous record of rock quality for comparison with discontinuous intervals of...
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCKS AND MINERALS.
Gary R. Olhoeft
1985, Conference Paper, Electrochemical Society Extended Abstracts
Many phenomena and processes in the earth sciences are a result of the electrochemical properties of rocks and minerals. Examples include formation of mineral deposits and petroleum reservoirs control of drilling muds, and success or failure of toxic waste isolation barriers. Such phenomena can be observed at a distance using...
Uranoan thorite in lithophysal rhyolite - Topaz Mountain, Utah, U.S.A.
Eugene E. Foord, Robert R. Cobban, Isabelle K. Brownfield
1985, Mineralogical Magazine (49) 729-731
Uranoan thorite crystals have been found occurring as a sparse constituent in lithophysae in 6.1 to 6.8 Ma alkali rhyolite flows at Thomas Mountain, Utah, USA. The crystals are associated with sandidine, quartz, topaz, hematite, magnetite, and calcite; they are leek to dark grass green, transparent, well-formed, euhedral prisms, showing...
Migration of wood-preserving chemicals in contaminated groundwater in a sand aquifer at Pensacola, Florida
D.F. Goerlitz, D.E. Troutman, E.M. Godsy, B.J. Franks
1985, Environmental Science & Technology (19) 955-961
Operation of a wood-preserving facility for nearly 80 years at Pensacola, FL, contaminated the near-surface groundwater with creosote and pentachlorophenol. The major source of aquifer contamination was unlined surface impoundments that were in direct hydraulic contact with the groundwater. Episodes of overtopping the impoundments and overland flow of treatment liquor...
Some mineral stability relations in the system CaO MgO SiO2 H2O HCl
R.W. Luce, G.L. Cygan, J.J. Hemley, W. M. d’Angelo
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 525-538
Mineral-aqueous solution equilibria for the assemblages talc-quartz, tremolite-talc-quartz, diopside-tremolite-quartz, wollastonite-diopside-quartz and wollastonite-quartz have been studied at 2 kb total pressure, 500° to 700°C and chloride concentrations from 0.03 to 6.0 molal. Most work was at 1 m chloride. Both buffered and unbuffered data were obtained and a recalibration of the...
Conceptual model for origin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations in low-permeability reservoirs
B. E. Law, W. W. Dickinson
1985, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (69) 1295-1304
The largest gas fields in the Rocky Mountain region occur in abnormally pressured reservoirs. These gas accumulations are different from more conventional gas accumulations in that they are commonly located in basin-center positions, they occur downdip from water-bearing rocks, and they are in overpressured or underpressured low-permeability reservoirs. We suggest...
Hydrocarbon source rock evaluation of Middle Proterozoic Solor Church Formation, North American Mid-Continent Rift System, Rice County, Minnesota
J. R. Hatch, G. B. Morey
1985, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (69) 1208-1216
Hydrocarbon source rock evaluation of the Middle Proterozoic Solor Church Formation (Keweenawan Supergroup) as sampled in the Lonsdale 65-1 well, Rice County, Minnesota, shows that: (1) the rocks are organic matter lean (24 of 25 samples have less than 0.8% organic carbon); (2) the organic matter is thermally post-mature, probably...
Element mobility studies of two drill-cores from the Götemar Granite (Kråkemåla test site), southeast Sweden
John A.T. Smellie, John S. Stuckless
1985, Chemical Geology (51) 55-78
A pilot study was carried out on two relatively deep drill-cores (∼ 600 m) from the Götemar Granite massif in S.E. Sweden. This granite is typical of the 1400-Ma anorogenic granites of the northern hemisphere. Samples from representative, unfractured parts of the cores, together with four samples taken along...
Organic geochemical characterization of the New Albany Shale group in the Illinois Basin
I.-M. Chou, D. R. Dickerson
1985, Organic Geochemistry (8) 413-420
Benzene extractable aliphatic hydrocarbons from the New Albany Shale in the Illinois Basin were characterized by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the total organic matter of the shale was characterized by solid state carbon-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Core samples from a northwest-trending cross-section of...
