SAS program for quantitative stratigraphic correlation by principal components
M.E. Hohn
1985, Computers & Geosciences (11) 471-477
A SAS program is presented which constructs a composite section of stratigraphic events through principal components analysis. The variables in the analysis are stratigraphic sections and the observational units are range limits of taxa. The program standardizes data in each section, extracts eigenvectors, estimates missing range limits, and computes the...
Electronic spectra of Fe3+ oxides and oxide hydroxides in the near IR to near UV.
David M. Sherman, T.D. Waite
1985, American Mineralogist (70) 1262-1269
Optical absorption and diffuse reflectance spectra of several Fe2O3 and FeOOH polymorphs (hematite, maghemite, goethite, lepidocrocite) in the near-IR to near-UV spectral regions (2000-200 nm) are presented. The spectra consist primarily of Fe3+ ligand field and ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transitions.-J.A.Z....
Solid state recording current meter conversion
Ralph T. Cheng, Lichen Wang
1985, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The authors describe the conversion of an Endeco-174 current meter to a solid-state recording current meter. A removable solid-state module was designed to fit in the space originally occupied by an 8-track tape cartridge. The module contains a CPU and 128 kilobytes of nonvolatile CMOS memory. The solid-state module communicates...
Hydrogeologic comparison of an acidic-lake basin with a neutral-lake basin in the West-Central Adirondack Mountains, New York
N.E. Peters, Peter S. Murdoch
1985, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (26) 387-402
Two small headwater lake basins that receive similar amounts of acidic atmospheric deposition have significantly different lake outflow pH values; pH at Panther Lake (neutral) ranges from about 4.7 to 7; that at Woods Lake (acidic) ranges from about 4.3 to 5. A hydrologic analysis, which included monthly water budgets,...
The Dunbar Gneiss-granitoid dome: Implications for early Proterozoic tectonic evolution of northern Wisconsin
P.K. Sims, Z. E. Peterman, K. J. Schulz
1985, Geological Society of America Bulletin (96) 1101-1112
The Dunbar dome in northeastern Wisconsin is a critical structural feature in the early Proterozoic Penokean orogen. It provides exposures of gneisses (Dunbar Gneiss) that structurally underlie the voluminous metavolcanic rocks of northeastern Wisconsin, and exposures of abundant granitoid rocks ranging from tonalite...
Water-level changes in the Ogallala aquifer, northwestern Oklahoma.
J.S. Havens
1985, Oklahoma Geology Notes (45) 205-210
The Ogallala aquifer, that part of the High Plains aquifer in Oklahoma, is part of a regional aquifer system that underlies parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. In 1978 the US Geological Survey began a 5- year study of the High Plains regional...
Unit hydrograph approximations assuming linear flow through topologically random channel networks
Brent M. Troutman, Michael R. Karlinger
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 743-754
The instantaneous unit Hydrograph (IUH) of a drainage basin is derived in terms of fundamental basin characteristics (Z, α, β), where α parameterizes the link (channel segment) length distribution, and β is a vector of hydraulic parameters, Z is one of three basin topological properties, N, (N, D), or (N, M), where N is magnitude (number of...
Wave energy saturation on a natural beach of variable slope
A. H. Sallenger Jr., R.A. Holman
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans (90) 11939-11944
Time series of flow were measured across the inner surf zone during a storm. These data were used to quantify the dependence of wave height (transformed from measured flow) and velocity on local slope and depth. Similar to previous studies, as incident waves broke and propagated into the surf zone,...
Airfall tuff in the Browns Park Formation, northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah.
S. J. Luft
1985, Mountain Geologist (22) 110-127
Bedded airfall tuffs, mainly rhyolitic in composition and locally very thick, occur throughout the Browns Park Formation (upper Oligocene to upper Miocene) in northwestern Colorado and northeasternmost Utah. They have received only cursory attention other than for the purpose of radiometric dating. The present writer began study of the tuffs...
Geochemical mass-balance relationships for selected ions in precipitation and stream water, Catoctin Mountains, Maryland
B. G. Katz, O.P. Bricker, M.M. Kennedy
1985, American Journal of Science (285) 951-962
Results of a study of input/output mass balances for major ions based on the chemical composition of precipitation and stream-water, geochemical reactions with different loading rates of hydrogen ion, and watershed processes influencing the chemical character of stream-waters in two small watershed areas are reported with a view to predicting...
Terrestrial vs. marine depositional model—A new assessment of subsurface Lower Pennsylvanian rocks of southwestern Virginia
C. L. Rice
1985, Geology (13) 786-789
A reinterpretation of the origin of subsurface rocks in southwestern Virginia and southeastern Kentucky suggests that, contrary to commonly accepted ideas, the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian Systemic boundary is an unconformity and the Lower Pennsylvanian quartz arenite sequences were deposited in a fluvial environment. Because Pennsylvanian...
Latest Mississippian (Namurian A) nonmarine ostracodes from West Virginia and Virginia
I. G. Sohn
1985, Journal of Paleontology (59) 446-460
Nonmarine ostracodes occur as partly exfoliated carapaces and internal molds at the base of the Bramwell Member of the Bluestone Formation, which represents the uppermost Mississippian (Namurian A), stratigraphic subdivision in West Virginia and Virginia. These specimens are important in that they permit the determination of a variety of adductor-muscle-attachment...
Uranium-series dating of fossil corals from marine sediments of southeastern United States Atlantic Coastal Plain
Barney J. Szabo
1985, Geological Society of America Bulletin (96) 398-406
Extensive low-lying marine deposits border the southeastern United States Atlantic Coastal Plain. Some units are fossiliferous and contain corals as isolated fragments in sediments of a detrital character. These corals are subject to alteration processes such that suites of related samples must be...
An ocean bottom seismometer study of shallow seismicity near the Mid- America Trench offshore Guatemala
E. L. Ambos, D.M. Hussong, C.E. Holman
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (90) 11397-11412
Five ocean bottom seismometers recorded seismicity near the Mid-America Trench offshore Guatemala for 27 days in 1979. The array was emplaced in the lower slope region, just above the topographic trench, in the area investigated during Deep Sea Drilling Project legs 67 and 84. Approximately 170 events were recorded by...
Regional setting and new information on some critical geologic features of the West Shasta district, California
J. P. Albers, J.H.C. Bain
1985, Economic Geology (80) 2072-2091
The West Shasta massive sulfide district is in the easternmost of a series of accreted island-arc and oceanic crust terranes that comprise the Klamath Mountains. A sequence of submarine volcanic rocks of predominantly Early Devonian age is the principal component of the island-arc terrane in which the sulfide deposits are...
Comparison of daily and weekly precipitation sampling efficiencies using automatic collectors
L.J. Schroder, R.A. Linthurst, J.E. Ellson, S.F. Vozzo
1985, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (24) 177-187
Precipitation samples were collected for approximately 90 daily and 50 weekly sampling periods at Finley Farm, near Raleigh, North Carolina from August 1981 through October 1982. Ten wet-deposition samplers (AEROCHEM METRICS MODEL 301) were used; 4 samplers were operated for daily sampling, and 6 samplers were operated for weekly-sampling periods....
Demonstration of two pulses of Paleogene deformation in the Andes of Peru
D. C. Noble, M. Sebrier, F. Megard, E.H. McKee
1985, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (73) 345-349
New radiometric ages of about 25 m.y. on volcanic materials in a marine intercalation within clastic continental strata of the Upper Moquegua Formation near Caraveli, southern Peru, together with an age of25.3 ± 0.4 m.y obtained by Tosdal et al. from a...
Early Tertiary marine fossils from northern Alaska: Implications for Arctic Ocean paleogeography and faunal evolution
L. Marincovich Jr., E. M. Brouwers, L. D. Carter
1985, Geology (13) 770-773
Marine mollusks and ostracodes indicate a post-Danian Paleocene to early Eocene (Thanetian to Ypresian) age for a fauna from the Prince Creek Formation at Ocean Point, northern Alaska, that also contains genera characteristic of the Cretaceous and Neogene-Quaternary. The life-association of heterochronous taxa...
Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components
Harry F. Lins
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 691-701
Interannual modes of streamflow variation at 106 locations across the United States during the period 1931–1978 are defined by using principal components. Five statistically significant components are found to account for more than 56% of the total streamflow variance. The first principal component represents a nationwide tendency for either above-...
MARINE MINERAL RESOURCES - AN UPDATE AND INTRODUCTION.
Michael J. Cruickshank, William Siapno
1985, Marine Technology Society Journal (19) 3-5
This article briefly traces the status of marine minerals development, and it describes papers presented in this special issue on the subject. Subjects covered include types of deposits, marine mining in Canada, Manganese nodules, metalliferous sulfides as seabed minerals, metallurgical processes for reducing sulfide minerals, U. S. phosphate industry, construction...
Solubility relations in the system sodium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 70.degree.C at 1 atm
I.-M. Chou, L.D. Phan
1985, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data (30) 216-218
Solubility relations in the ternary system NaCl-FeCl2-H2O have been determined by the visual polythermal method at 1 atm from 20 to 85??C along six composition lines. These she composition lines are defined by mixing FeCl2??4H2O with six aqueous NaCl solutions containing 5, 10, 11, 15, 20, and 25 wt %...
Afrotarsius chatrathi, first tarsiiform primate (? Tarsiidae) from Africa
E.L. Simons, T. M. Bown
1985, Nature (313) 475-477
Tarsiiform primates have long been regarded as a Laurasian group, with an extensive fossil record in the Eocene of North America and Europe1-4 and two important but less well-known records from Asia5,6. The only living genus is Tarsius (Tarsiidae), whereas all of the fossil tarsier-like primates are usually placed in...
The 1983 hydraulic jump in Crystal Rapid: Implications for river- running and geomorphic evolution in the Grand Canyon
S. W. Kieffer
1985, Journal of Geology (93) 385-406
At Crystal Creek, a debris fan was emplaced in 1966, constricting the channel of the Colorado River to about 0.25 of its upstream width between 1967 and 1983, forming a major rapid. The hydraulics of Crystal Creek rapid are described, and an analysis is presented to support the hypothesis that...
Anomalous 13C enrichment in modern marine organic carbon
M.A. Arthur, W.E. Dean, George E. Claypool
1985, Nature (315) 216-218
Marine organic carbon is heavier isotopically (13C enriched) than most land-plant or terrestrial organic C1. Accordingly, ??13C values of organic C in modern marine sediments are routinely interpreted in terms of the relative proportions of marine and terrestrial sources of the preserved organic matter2,3. When independent geochemical techniques are used...
Review of radiometric data from the Yukon crystalline terrane, Alaska and Yukon Territory
Frederic H. Wilson, James G. Smith, Nora B. Shew
1985, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (22) 525-537
The results of more than 20 years of geochronological studies in the Yukon Crystalline Terrane in east-central Alaska and the western Yukon Territory suggest at least six igneous and thermal (metamorphic?) events. Plutonism during Mississippian, Early Jurassic, mid-Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous, and early Tertiary times is indicated. Evidence also indicates that...
