Techniques for using iron crucibles in experimental igneous petrology.
C.R. Thornber, J.S. Huebner
1982, American Mineralogist (67) 1144-1154
Some iron crucibles contain impurities of Mn, Ti and other elements. Such impurities may alter the fO2 of the system and induce crucible-charge interactions. Pretreatment of impure iron crucibles in a CO2-CO atmosphere at 1050oC, under conditions slightly more reducing than Fe-Fe1-xO, minimizes undesirable changes in the bulk composition of...
Pingos in the Brooks Range, northern Alaska, U.S.A.
T. D. Hamilton, Curtis M. Obi
1982, Arctic and Alpine Research (14) 13-20
Some 70 pingos occur at 27 separate localities within and near the Brooks Range. The pingos are distributed through mountain valleys at altitudes up to 725 m and in terrain glaciated as recently as late Wisconsinan time. Most are open-system forms; possible closed-system pingos are present at only a single...
Unroofing history of a suture zone in the Himalaya of Pakistan by means of fission-track annealing ages
P.K. Zeitler, R.A.K. Tahirkheli, C. W. Naeser, N.M. Johnson
1982, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (57) 227-240
The uplift history of the Swat Valley and Hazara region of northwestern Pakistan has been established using 22 fission-track dates on apatite, zircon and sphene. A major fault, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) strikes east-west across the Swat Valley, separates regions...
Geochemical indices of fine sediment transport, northwest Gulf of Mexico
C. W. Holmes
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 307-321
The 210 Pb distribution, the clay mineralogy distribution, and the distribution of three trace metals, barium, lead, and manganese, in the sediments of the south Texas shelf are related to the dynamics of the sedimentary transport process. 210 Pb, whose concentration is time dependent, defines three loci...
Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.
C.H. Nelson
1982, Geologie en Mijnbouw (61) 5-18
The distribution of late Pleistocene and Holocene surface sediments on the northern Bering Seafloor is patchy and dependent upon locations of seafloor bedrock and pre-late Pleistocene glacial debris, late Holocene river sediment influx, and modern strong bottom currents. Seafloor vibracores and high-resolution profiles record two different sedimentary environments in the...
Estimating irrigation water use and withdrawal of ground water on the High Plains, U.S.A.
J. R. Wray
1982, Advances in Space Research (2) 127-129
In four decades following the Dust Bowl days of the 1930's, extensive areas of dry farming and rangeland on the semi-arid U.S. High Plains were transformed into a vast region of irrigated oases, producing meat and grain for much of the world. The agricultural economy has experienced such rapid growth...
Post-depositional alteration of titanomagnetite in a Miocene sandstone, south Texas (U.S.A.)
R. L. Reynolds
1982, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (61) 381-391
Petrographic and geochemical studies have yielded information on the time-space relationships of the post-depositional alteration of detrital titanomagnetite (Ti-mt) in fine- to medium-grained sandstone from unoriented core samples (taken below the water table at depths of 30–45 m) of the Miocene...
Notes. Characterization of plutonium in ground water near the idaho chemical processing plant
Jess M. Cleveland, Terry F. Rees
1982, Environmental Science and Technology (16) 437-439
Plutonium is present in very low concentrations in ground water near the disposal well at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant but was not detected in waters at greater distances. Because of the absence of strong complexing agents, the plutonium is present as an uncomplexed (perhaps hydrolyzed) tetravalent species, which is...
Application of modulus degradation model of clays
A.T.F. Chen
1982, Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE (108) 1203-1214
A degradation model is applied in conjunction with different soil models and stress-strain relations to site response analyses during earthquakes. To evaluate the effects of degradation, computations on two clay deposits subjected to both high and low-level input excitations are conducted. In addition, modulus degradation with or without shear strength...
Interfingering of the Frontier Formation and Aspen Shale, Cumberland Gap, Wyoming.
J. M'gonigle
1982, Mountain Geologist (19) 59-61
The basal part, or the Chalk Creek Member, of the non-marine lower Frontier Formation (Upper Cretaceous) includes a thin coal bed that grades S into a carbonaceous shale. The latter plus associated sandstones and shales pinch out S of Cumberland Gap and lie stratigraphically below the top of the Aspen...
Cyclic deposits and hummocky cross-stratification of probable storm origins in Upper Cretaceous rocks of the Cape Sebastian area, southwestern Oregon
R. E. Hunter, H. Clifton
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 127-143
Cyclic deposits containing hummocky cross-stratification occur in the upper part of the Cape Sebastian Sandstone of Bourgeois (1980), a shallow marine transgressive sandstone of Late Cetaceous age on the southern Oregon coast. The cycles average 1.6 m in thickness and consist, where complete,...
Ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic contamination in pulverized coal
F. E. Senftle, A. N. Thorpe, C.C. Alexander, R. B. Finkelman
1982, Fuel (61) 81-86
Although no significant major-element contamination is introduced by grinding coal in a steel pulverizer, abraded steel particles can conceivably affect the magnetic properties of pulverized coal. Magnetic and scanning-electron-microscope analyses of pulverized coal and coal fragments from the Herrin No. 6 seam in Illinois showed ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic contamination from...
Evaluation of 0.46- to 2.36-mu m multispectral scanner images of the east Tintic mining district, Utah, for mapping hydrothermally altered rocks
L. C. Rowan, A.B. Kahle
1982, Economic Geology (77) 441-452
Airborne multispectral scanner images recorded in the 0.46- to 2.36-mu m region for the East Tintic mining district, Utah, were evaluated to determine their usefulness for distinguishing six types of hydrothermally altered rocks from a wide range of sedimentary and igneous rock types. Limestone, dolomite, and argillaceous rocks were of...
Modern shallow-water graded sand layers from storm surges, Bering Shelf: a mimic of Bouma sequences and turbidite systems
C.H. Nelson
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 537-545
A sequence of graded sand layers, interbedded with mud, extends offshore over 100 km from the Yukon Delta shoreline across the flat, shallow (<20 m depth) epicontinental shelf of the northern Bering Sea, Alaska. Proximal graded sand beds on the delta-front platform near...
Multi-element analysis of manganese nodules by atomic absorption spectrometry without chemical separation
Jean S. Kane, J. M. Harnly
1982, Analytica Chimica Acta (139) 297-305
Five manganese nodules, including the USGS reference nodules A-1 and P-1, were analyzed for Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn without prior chemical separation by using a simultaneous multi-element atomic absorption spectrometer with an air—cetylene flame. The nodules were prepared in three digestion matrices. One of...
Glass frit nebulizer for atomic spectrometry
L. R. Layman
1982, Analytical Chemistry (54) 638-642
The nebuilizatlon of sample solutions Is a critical step In most flame or plasma atomic spectrometrlc methods. A novel nebulzatlon technique, based on a porous glass frit, has been Investigated. Basic operating parameters and characteristics have been studied to determine how thte new nebulizer may be applied to atomic spectrometrlc...
Distribution of gas-charged sediment in Norton Sound and Chirikov Basin.
M.L. Holmes, D.R. Thor
1982, Geologie en Mijnbouw (61) 79-89
Numerous zone of anomalous acoustic resonses caused by gas in the subsurface sediment layers have been detected on seismic reflection records from Norton Sound and Chirikov Basin. The frequency and distribution of these zones suggest that as much as 7000km2 of the northeastern Bering Sea may be underlain by gas-charged...
Genetic relations among basic lavas and ultramafic nodules: Evidence from oxygen isotope compositions
T.K. Kyser, J. R. O’Neil, I. S. E. Carmichael
1982, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (81) 88-102
??18O values of unaltered basic lavas range from 4.9 to 8.3 but different types of basalts are usually restricted to narrow and distinct ranges of isotopic composition. The average ??18O values for Hawaiian tholeiites, mid-ocean ridge tholeiites, and alkali basalts are 5.4, 5.7, and 6.2 permil, respectively. Potassic lavas and...
Wilmington Submarine Canyon: A marine fluvial-like system
B. McGregor, W.L. Stubblefield, William B. F. Ryan, D.C. Twichell
1982, Geology (10) 27-30
Midrange sidescan sonar data (swath width = 5 km) show that a system of gullies and small channels feeds into large submarine canyons on the Middle Atlantic Continental Slope of the United States. The surveyed canyons all have relatively flat floors, but they...
Geology of continental shelf, Onslow Bay, North Carolina, as revealed by submarine outcrops
Blake W. Blackwelder, Ian G. Macintyre, Orrin H. Pilkey
1982, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (66) 44-56
Lithologic and stratigraphic data from rocks dredged from the continental shelf off Onslow Bay, North Carolina, provide surface control for seismic studies of the southeastern United States continental margin and help to explain the distribution of potentially economic phosphate-rich sediments on this shelf. Outcropping Miocene rocks in this area indicate...
Composition of estuarine colloidal material: Organic components
A.C. Sigleo, T.C. Hoering, G.R. Helz
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 1619-1626
Colloidal material in the size range 1.2 nm to 0.4 μm was isolated by ultrafiltration from Chesapeake Bay and Patuxent River waters (U.S.A.). Temperature controlled, stepwise pyrolysis of the freeze-dried material, followed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analyses of the volatile products indicates that the primary organic components of this polymer...
Recovery of soil and vegetation in ghost-towns in the Mojave Desert, southwestern United States
Robert H. Webb, Evelyn B. Newman
1982, Environmental Conservation (9) 245-248
No abstract available....
Measurements of storm-generated bottom stresses on the continental shelf
D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake
1982, Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans (87) 1952-1960
Large values of bottom friction velocity, u*, and roughness length, z0, determined from burst-averaged speed data taken on the continental shelf in outer Norton Sound, Alaska, with the GEOPROBE tripod during a storm in September 1977 are correlated with extremely large values of near-bottom concentration of total suspended particulate matter (TSM). Combined...
Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data
Robert M. Hirsch, James R. Slack, Richard A. Smith
1982, Water Resources Research (18) 107-121
Some of the characteristics that complicate the analysis of water quality time series are non-normal distributions, seasonality, flow relatedness, missing values, values below the limit of detection, and serial correlation. Presented here are techniques that are suitable in the face of the complications listed above for the exploratory analysis of...
U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Program
T.J. Buchanan, B.K. Gilbert
1982, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (108) 37-45
The U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Resource Program is a partnership between the Geological Survey and State and local agencies for the collection of the hydrologic information needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. The first Cooperative Program...
