A comparison of four streamflow record extension techniques
Robert M. Hirsch
1982, Water Resources Research (18) 1081-1088
One approach to developing time series of streamflow, which may be used for simulation and optimization studies of water resources development activities, is to extend an existing gage record in time by exploiting the interstation correlation between the station of interest and some nearby (long-term) base station. Four methods of...
Siderite concretions: indicators of early diagenesis in the Gammon shale (Cretaceous).
D. L. Gautier
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 859-871
The Gammon member of the Pierre shale of the northern Great Plains, USA, contains abundant siderite concretions. The relative depth and time of siderite precipitation can be inferred from the structure, mineralogy and isotopic composition of these concretions. Concretions that formed at shallow depths, early in the history of the...
Evaluation of 0.46- to 2.36-mu m multispectral scanner images of the east Tintic mining district, Utah, for mapping hydrothermally altered rocks
L. C. Rowan, A.B. Kahle
1982, Economic Geology (77) 441-452
Airborne multispectral scanner images recorded in the 0.46- to 2.36-mu m region for the East Tintic mining district, Utah, were evaluated to determine their usefulness for distinguishing six types of hydrothermally altered rocks from a wide range of sedimentary and igneous rock types. Limestone, dolomite, and argillaceous rocks were of...
Modern shallow-water graded sand layers from storm surges, Bering Shelf: a mimic of Bouma sequences and turbidite systems
C.H. Nelson
1982, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (52) 537-545
A sequence of graded sand layers, interbedded with mud, extends offshore over 100 km from the Yukon Delta shoreline across the flat, shallow (<20 m depth) epicontinental shelf of the northern Bering Sea, Alaska. Proximal graded sand beds on the delta-front platform near...
Multi-element analysis of manganese nodules by atomic absorption spectrometry without chemical separation
Jean S. Kane, J. M. Harnly
1982, Analytica Chimica Acta (139) 297-305
Five manganese nodules, including the USGS reference nodules A-1 and P-1, were analyzed for Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn without prior chemical separation by using a simultaneous multi-element atomic absorption spectrometer with an air—cetylene flame. The nodules were prepared in three digestion matrices. One of...
Glass frit nebulizer for atomic spectrometry
L. R. Layman
1982, Analytical Chemistry (54) 638-642
The nebuilizatlon of sample solutions Is a critical step In most flame or plasma atomic spectrometrlc methods. A novel nebulzatlon technique, based on a porous glass frit, has been Investigated. Basic operating parameters and characteristics have been studied to determine how thte new nebulizer may be applied to atomic spectrometrlc...
Genetic relations among basic lavas and ultramafic nodules: Evidence from oxygen isotope compositions
T.K. Kyser, J. R. O’Neil, I. S. E. Carmichael
1982, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (81) 88-102
??18O values of unaltered basic lavas range from 4.9 to 8.3 but different types of basalts are usually restricted to narrow and distinct ranges of isotopic composition. The average ??18O values for Hawaiian tholeiites, mid-ocean ridge tholeiites, and alkali basalts are 5.4, 5.7, and 6.2 permil, respectively. Potassic lavas and...
Late Eocene- Oligocene magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy at South Atlantic DSDP site 522
R.Z. Poore, L. Tauxe, S.F. Percival Jr., John L. LaBrecque
1982, Geology (10) 508-511
Upper Eocene to lowest Miocene sediments recovered at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 522 in the South Atlantic Ocean allow direct calibration of magnetostratigraphy and calcareous plankton biostratigraphy. The results from Site 522 show that the Eocene/Oligocene boundary occurs in the reversed...
Accumulation rates of Th-230, Pa-231, and some transition metals on the Bermuda Rise
M.P. Bacon, J.N. Rosholt
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 651-666
Measurements of 238U, 234U, 230Th, 232Th, 231Pa, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were made on 23 samples from core GPC-5, a 29-m giant piston core from a water depth of 4583 m on the northeastern Bermuda Rise (33°41.2′N, 57°36.9′W). This area is characterized by rapid deposition of sediment transported by abyssal currents. Unsupported 230Th...
An equation correlating the solubility of quartz in water from 25° to 900°C at pressures up to 10,000 bars
Robert O. Fournier, Robert W. Potter II
1982, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (46) 1969-1973
The solubility of quartz in water from 25° to 900°C at specific volume of the solvent ranging from about 1 to 10 and from 300° to 600°C at specific volume of the solvent ranging from about 10 to 100 is given by an empirically derived equation of the form: log m = A + B(log V)...
Optimal dynamic management of groundwater pollutant sources
Steven M. Gorelick, Irwin Remson
1982, Water Resources Research (18) 71-76
The linear programing-superposition method is presented for managing multiple sources of groundwater pollution over time. The method uses any linear solute transport simulation model to generate a unit source-concentration response matrix that is incorporated into a management model. This series of constraints indicates local solute concentration histories that will result...
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of ancient buried wood-II. Observations on the origin of coal from lignite to bituminous coal
Patrick G. Hatcher, Irving A. Breger, Nikolaus Szeverenyi, G.E. Maciel
1982, Organic Geochemistry (4) 9-18
Coalified logs ranging in age from Late Pennsylvania to Miocene and in rank from lignite B to bituminous coal were analyzed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) utilizing the cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning technique, as well as by infrared spectroscopy. The results of this study indicate that at least three major...
Periodic climate change on Mars: Review of evidence and effects on distribution of volatiles
M. H. Carr
1982, Icarus (50) 129-139
The polar regions of Mars preserve, in both their layering and their topography, a record of recent climate changes. Because of the coincidence of the growth of the northern seasonal cap with global dust storms, dust may be currently accumulating on...
Evolution of geothermal fluids deduced from chemistry plots: Yellowstone National Park (U.S.A.)
E. Mazor, J. M. Thompson
1982, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (12) 351-360
Large amounts of chemical data, obtained in geothermal fields, may readily be sorted-out by the aid of a simple set of graphs that provide a clear over-all picture and facilitate the understanding of geochemical processes taking place. As a case study, data from several hundred samples of the thermal springs...
Exotic terranes of western California
M.O. McWilliams, D. G. Howell
1982, Nature (297) 215-217
Numerous distinct geological terranes compose the North American Cordillera1; there may be as many as 50 terranes in California alone2. Critical to deciphering the history of Cordilleran tectonic assembly is an understanding of the displacement history of individual terranes. It is therefore important to know: (1) whether a terrane has...
Gravity measurements useful in the preliminary evaluation of the Nimiuktuk barite deposit, Alaska
D.F. Barnes, C.F. Mayfield, R. L. Morin, S. Brynn
1982, Economic Geology (77) 185-189
No abstract available....
Storage, migration, and eruption of magma at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, 1971-1972
W. A. Duffield, R.L. Christiansen, R. Y. Koyanagi, D. W. Peterson
1982, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (13) 273-307
The magmatic plumbing system of Kilauea Volcano consists of a broad region of magma generation in the upper mantle, a steeply inclined zone through which magma rises to an intravolcano reservoir located about 2 to 6 km beneath the summit of the volcano, and a network of conduits that carry...
Clay mineralogy of weathering rinds and possible implications concerning the sources of clay minerals in soils
Steven M. Colman
1982, Geology (10) 370-375
Weathering rinds on volcanic clasts in Quaternary deposits in the western United States contain only very fine grained and poorly crystalline clay minerals. Rinds were sampled from soils containing well-developed argillic B horizons in deposits about 105 yr old or more. The clay-size fraction...
Post-depositional alteration of titanomagnetite in a Miocene sandstone, south Texas (U.S.A.)
R. L. Reynolds
1982, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (61) 381-391
Petrographic and geochemical studies have yielded information on the time-space relationships of the post-depositional alteration of detrital titanomagnetite (Ti-mt) in fine- to medium-grained sandstone from unoriented core samples (taken below the water table at depths of 30–45 m) of the Miocene...
Notes. Characterization of plutonium in ground water near the idaho chemical processing plant
Jess M. Cleveland, Terry F. Rees
1982, Environmental Science and Technology (16) 437-439
Plutonium is present in very low concentrations in ground water near the disposal well at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant but was not detected in waters at greater distances. Because of the absence of strong complexing agents, the plutonium is present as an uncomplexed (perhaps hydrolyzed) tetravalent species, which is...
Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data
Robert M. Hirsch, James R. Slack, Richard A. Smith
1982, Water Resources Research (18) 107-121
Some of the characteristics that complicate the analysis of water quality time series are non-normal distributions, seasonality, flow relatedness, missing values, values below the limit of detection, and serial correlation. Presented here are techniques that are suitable in the face of the complications listed above for the exploratory analysis of...
U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Program
T.J. Buchanan, B.K. Gilbert
1982, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (108) 37-45
The U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Resource Program is a partnership between the Geological Survey and State and local agencies for the collection of the hydrologic information needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. The first Cooperative Program...
Air pollution: Household soiling and consumer welfare losses
W.D. Watson, J.A. Jaksch
1982, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management (9) 248-262
This paper uses demand and supply functions for cleanliness to estimate household benefits from reduced particulate matter soiling. A demand curve for household cleanliness is estimated, based upon the assumption that households prefer more cleanliness to less. Empirical coefficients, related to particulate pollution levels, for shifting the cleanliness supply curve,...
Stratigraphic reference section for Georges Bank Basin - Depositional model for New England passive margin.
C. Wylie Poag
1982, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (66) 1021-1041
A multichannel seismic reflection profile (U.S. Geological Survey line 19), calibrated with the COST G-1, COST G-2, and Shell Mohican I-100 wells, and seismic-sequence analysis shows that the chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units and depositional history of the Georges Bank basin are similar to those of the Scotian basin. Carbonate rocks...
Morphology, distribution, and development of submarine canyons on the United States Atlantic continental slope between Hudson and Baltimore Canyons
David C. Twichell, David G. Roberts
1982, Geology (10) 408-412
The distribution and morphology of submarine canyons off the eastern United States between Hudson and Baltimore Canyons have been mapped by long-range sidescan sonar. In this area canyons are numerous, and their spacing correlates with overall slope gradient; they are absent where the gradient is less than 3°, are 2...
