Efficacy of certain disinfectants against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus
Diane G. Elliott, Donald F. Amend
1978, Journal of Fish Biology (12) 277-286
The virucidal properties of iodophor, chlorine (sodium hypochlorite), formalin, thimerosal (organic mercurial compound), malachite green, and acriflavine were tested on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Iodine and chlorine showed good activity, but efficacy depended on the concentration of virus, the presence of organic matter (calf serum), and water pH. Water hardness...
Natural cavities used by wood ducks in north-central Minnesota
D.S. Gilmer, I.J. Ball, L.M. Cowardin, John E. Mathisen, John H. Riechmann
1978, Journal of Wildlife Management (42) 288-298
Radio telemetry was used to locate 31 wood duck (Aix sponsa) nest cavity sites in 16 forest stands. Stands were of 2 types: (1) mature (mean = 107 years) northern hardwoods (10 nest sites), and (2) mature (mean = 68 years) quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) (21 nest sites). Aspen was...
Recent biogenic phosphorite: Concretions in mollusk kidneys
L. J. Doyle, N.J. Blake, C.C. Woo, P. Yevich
1978, Science (199) 1431-1433
Phosphorite concretions have been detected in the kidneys of two widespread species of mollusks, Mercenaria mercenaria and Argopecten irradians, which have relatively high population densities. These concretions are the first documentation of the direct biogenic formation of phosphorite grains. The concretions are principally amorphous calcium phosphate, which upon being heated...
Factors controlling heavy-mineral variations on the South Texas outer continental shelf, Gulf of Mexico
R. M. Flores, G. L. Shideler
1978, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (48) 269-280
Heavy-mineral distribution on the outer continental shelf off the southern coast of Texas shows regional variability induced by provenance and local variability reflecting genetic differences in sea-floor sediments. Q-mode factor analysis showed that three suites of heavy minerals are present. The southern ancestral Rio Grande delta sediments contain a distinct...
Occurrence and formation of avicennite, Tl2O3 , as a secondary mineral at the Carlin gold deposit, Nevada
Arthur S. Radtke, Frank W. Dickson, John F. Slack
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 241-246
Avicennite, Tl2O3, occurs as grains disseminated in silicified limestones in the upper part of the East ore zone of the Carlin gold deposit, Nevada. The avicennite is formed by the oxidation of carlinite, Tl2S, found in primary unoxidized carbonaceous ore immediately below the avicennite. The grains of avicennite closely...
Factors contributing to the formation of ferromanganese nodules in Oneida Lake, New York
Walter E. Dean, Swapan Ghosh
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 231-240
Oneida Lake is a large, shallow, eutrophic lake situated in the Ontario lowlands of central New York State. It contains the most concentrated deposit of freshwater ferromanganese nodules (in terms of amount per unit area) yet reported in the literature. The mineralogy and bulk chemistry of these saucer-shaped nodules...
Stable isotope studies of bedded barite at East Northumberland Canyon in Toquima Range, central Nevada
R. O. Rye, D. R. Shawe, F. G. Poole
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 221-229
Several beds of barite occur in the Slaven Chert at East Northumberland Canyon in the Toquima Range of central Nevada. Most of the barite is internally laminated but shows massive weathering. However, rosette, disseminated, conglomeratic, and concretionary varieties also occur. New fossil evidence from conodonts and brachiopods indicates a Late...
Heavy-mineral variability in the Baltimore Canyon trough area
H.J. Knebel, David C. Twichell
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 215-219
Petrographic analyses of bottom sediments from 87 stations within a relatively large subarea (1700 square kilometers) define the local variability and the distributional processes of heavy minerals in the Baltimore Canyon Trough area (13500km2 ). Of the 29 mineral groups that were identified, those most diagnostic of differences between...
Origin of two clay-mineral facies of the Potomac Group (Cretaceous) in the Middle Atlantic States
Lucy M. Force, George K. Moncure
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 203-214
Sedimentary clay that crops out in the coastal plains of New Jersey, Delaware, the part of Maryland north and east of Washington, B.C., and the northeast half of Washington, D.C., in the nonmarine Cretaceous Potomac Group is predominantly kaolinite and illite. In contrast, in part of southeastern Maryland, the...
A tuya in Togiak Valley, Southwest Alaska
J. M. Hoare, W. L. Coonrad
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 193-201
The shape, composition, structure, and location of a conspicuous flat-topped mountain in the lower Togiak Valley, southwest Alaska, all indicate that it formed by a subglacial volcanic eruption of olivine basalt. Volcanoes of this type are known as "tuyas." The Togiak tuya erupted into an intraglacial lake in a hole...
Blue Ribbon Lineament, an east-trending structural zone within the Pioche mineral belt of southwestern Utah and eastern Nevada
Peter D. Rowley, Peter W. Lipman, Harald H. Mehnert, David A. Lindsey, John J. Anderson
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 175-192
The Blue Ribbon lineament is an east-west structural zone that is about 25 kilometers wide and passes through the Pioche mineral belt at about 38°10' N. It is best known in Utah, where it is at least 190 km long, and extends from the southern Sevier Plateau in the High...
Accuracy of selected land use and land cover maps in the Greater Atlanta region, Georgia
Katherine Fitzpatrick-Lins
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 169-173
The land use and land cover maps at 1:100000 scale and at 1:24 000 scale in the Greater Atlanta Region were tested for accuracy. At 1:100 000 scale, 381 points were selected using a stratified systematic unalined sampling technique. Of these 381 points, 343 points or 90 percent were...
An "optimal" filter for maps showing nominal data
Stephen C. Guptill
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 161-167
An "optimal" filtering technique for use with nominal data, such as land use and land cover categories, has been developed. This method is based on the conditional probability joins of neighboring data elements. In addition to its use in performing filtering, the method can be used to calculate the likelihood...
Remote-sensing methods for monitoring surface coal mining in the northern Great Plains
Ned Mamula Jr.
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 149-160
Recent studies at a large surface coal mine in southern Montana confirm that remote sensing is both feasible and effective for gathering land-use and environmental data (spatial, dynamic, and seasonal) for large-scale surface mines in the northern Great Plains. The Western Energy Co.'s Rosebud mine near Colstrip, Mont., was selected...
Hydraulic characteristics of the White River streambed and glacial-outwash deposits at a site near Indianapolis, Indiana
William Meyer
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 273-283
An aquifer test was made in the glacial-outwash aquifer along the course of the White River in Marion County, Ind., to establish the hydraulic characteristics of this unit and the hydraulic conductivity of the White River streambed at a site 11 kilometers south of the center of downtown Indianapolis. In...
Impact of sewerage systems on stream base flow and ground-water recharge on Long Island, New York
E.J. Pluhowski, A. G. Spinello
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 263-271
Statistically significant decreases in the ratio of base flow to total flow of streams along the south shore of Long Island, N.Y., are due to the use of expanding storm-sewer and sanitary-sewer networks. Base-flow losses due to sewering ranging from virtually none at Connetquot River (largely unaffected by urban development)...
Spectrochemical determination of submicrogram amounts of tungsten in geologic materials
Reinhard W. Leinz, David J. Grimes
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 259-262
A rapid, sensitive, emission spectrographic method for the determination of tungsten in geologic materials has been developed. Sample fusion with potassium hydroxide followed by a hot-water leach renders the tungsten soluble. Acidification of the solution, reduction with titanium trichloride, complexing with thiocyanate, and ether extraction separate and concentrate the tungsten....
Models for calculating density and vapor pressure of geothermal brines
Robert W. Potter II, John L. Haas Jr.
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 247-257
In a model for estimating density of a brine, the density of a natural brine at a known temperature, pressure, and composition can be calculated from the densities of the component salt solutions in the complex brine. A model for estimating vapor pressure requires two direct or indirect estimates of...
Insecticides applied to a nursery colony of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus): Lethal concentrations in brain tissues
D. R. Clark Jr., T.H. Kunz, T. Earl Kaiser
1978, Journal of Mammalogy (59) 84-91
Forty-six Myotis lucifugus were collected in May and June 1974 at a nursery colony in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, that had been sprayed with DDT and chlordane in August and September 1973. When collected, 27 bats were alive, two were convulsing, and 17 were dead. Brains, carcasses, and milk and masticated...
Thermogenic gases in near-surface sediments of Norton Sound, Alaska
C. Hans Nelson, Keith A. Kvenvolden, Edward C. Clukey
1978, Conference Paper
A plume of hydrocarbon gases, assumed to be of thermogenic origin based on chemical compositions, has been noted by others in the water column of Norton Sound about 40 km south of Nome, Alaska. We used detailed geophysical transects, side-scan sonar, underwater television, and chromatographic analyses of gases in near-surface...
Episodes of Aleutian Ridge explosive volcanism
J.R. Hein, D.W. Scholl, J. Miller
1978, Science (199) 137-141
Earlier workers have overlooked deep-sea bentonite beds when unraveling the Cenozoic volcanic history of an area. In the North Pacific, identification of Miocene and older volcanic episodes is possible only if both altered (bentonite) and unaltered ash beds are recognized. Our study, which includes bentonite beds, shows that volcanism on...
Remote-sensing and subsurface definition of facies and structure related to uranium deposits, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
G. L. Raines, Terry W. Offield, E.S. Santos
1978, Economic Geology (73) 1706-1723
Computer-enhanced Landsat images of the southern Powder River Basin have been used to define facies and linear structural features within the Wasatch Formation. The facies distribution is detectable primarily because of a relation of vegetation density and type to the local substrate. The surface indications of facies are confirmed by...
VAMPs—Possible hydrocarbon-bearing structures in Bering Sea Basin: Geologic notes
David W. Scholl, Alan K. Cooper
1978, AAPG Bulletin (62) 2481-2488
Narrow (1 to 2 km) subsurface columns of concave reflection horizons are common time-base seismic profiles collected in the Bering Sea basin. The columns of recorded downflexures are thought to be velocity pulldowns and commonly are associated with one or more arched or gently domed high-amplitude reflection horizons about 100...
The Aleutian Basin, Bering Sea a frontier area for hydrocarbon exploration
Alan K. Cooper, David W. Scholl, A.F. Marlow, Jonathan R. Childs, George D. Redden, Keith A. Kvenvolden
1978, Conference Paper, Tenth annual Offshore Technology Conference proceedings
The Aleutian Basin is the deep water (>3000 m) basin that lies north of the Aleutian Islands adjacent to the Bering Sea continental shelf. The basin, about the size of the state of Texas, is underlain by a 2-9 km-thick flat-lying sequence of mostly Cenozoic sediment and rock that includes...
Quality of the water in Borrow Ponds near a major highway interchange, Dade County, Florida, October-November 1977
T.R. Beaven, Benjamin F. McPherson
1978, Open-File Report 78-1029
Water, bottom sediment, and aquatic plants were sampled from ponds near a major south Florida highway interchange to document concentrations of selected constituents in an aquatic environment near heavy vehicular traffic. Generally, concentrations of constituents were within the range expected in an uncontaminated environment in south Florida. However, concentrations did...
