Polymorphic microsatellite loci for the sand pocket mouse Chaetodipus arenarius, an endemic from the Baja California Peninsula
A. Munguia-Vega, R. Rodriguez-Estrella, M. Nachman, M. Culver
2009, Molecular Ecology Resources (9) 305-307
Fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from an enriched genomic library of the sand pocket mouse Chaetodipus arenarius. The mean number of alleles per locus was 11.53 (range five to 19) and the average observed heterozygosity was 0.764 (range 0.121 to 1.0). The markers will be used for detecting the...
Microbial characterization of nitrification in a shallow, nitrogen-contaminated aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts and detection of a novel cluster associated with nitrifying Betaproteobacteria
D.N. Miller, R. L. Smith
2009, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (103) 182-193
Groundwater nitrification is a poorly characterized process affecting the speciation and transport of nitrogen. Cores from two sites in a plume of contamination were examined using culture-based and molecular techniques targeting nitrification processes. The first site, located beneath a sewage effluent infiltration bed, received treated effluent containing O2(> 300 µM) and NH4+ (51–800 µM). The second site was...
Sulfur- and oxygen-isotopes in sediment-hosted stratiform barite deposits
C. A. Johnson, P. Emsbo, F. G. Poole, R. O. Rye
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 133-147
Sulfur- and oxygen-isotope analyses have been obtained for sediment-hosted stratiform barite deposits in Alaska, Nevada, Mexico, and China to examine the environment of formation of this deposit type. The barite is contained in sedimentary sequences as old as Late Neoproterozoic and as young as Mississippian. If previously published data for...
Fire intensity, fire severity and burn severity: A brief review and suggested usage
Jon E. Keeley
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 116-126
Several recent papers have suggested replacing the terminology of fire intensity and fire severity. Part of the problem with fire intensity is that it is sometimes used incorrectly to describe fire effects, when in fact it is justifiably restricted to measures of energy output. Increasingly, the term has created confusion...
Integrated treatment process using a natural Wyoming clinoptilolite for remediating produced waters from coalbed natural gas operations
H. Zhao, G.F. Vance, M.A. Urynowicz, R.W. Gregory
2009, Applied Clay Science (42) 379-385
Coalbed natural gas (CBNG) development in western U.S. states has resulted in an increase in an essential energy resource, but has also resulted in environmental impacts and additional regulatory needs. A concern associated with CBNG development relates to the production of the copious quantities of potentially saline-sodic groundwater required to...
Impacts of acidification on macroinvertebrate communities in streams of the western Adirondack Mountains, New York, USA
Barry P. Baldigo, G.B. Lawrence, R.W. Bode, H. A. Simonin, K. M. Roy, A. J. Smith
2009, Ecological Indicators (9) 226-239
Limited stream chemistry and macroinvertebrate data indicate that acidic deposition has adversely affected benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in numerous headwater streams of the western Adirondack Mountains of New York. No studies, however, have quantified the effects that acidic deposition and acidification may have had on resident fish and macroinvertebrate communities in...
Effect of dietary α-tocopherol + ascorbic acid, selenium, and iron on oxidative stress in sub-yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Walbaum)
T.L. Welker, J.L. Congleton
2009, Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition (93) 15-25
A three-variable central composite design coupled with surface-response analysis was used to examine the effects of dietary ??-tocopherol + ascorbic acid (TOCAA), selenium (Se), and iron (Fe) on indices of oxidative stress in juvenile spring Chinook salmon. Each dietary factor was tested at five levels for a total of fifteen...
Sulfur geochemistry of hydrothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park: IV Acid-sulfate waters
D. Kirk Nordstrom, R. Blaine McCleskey, J.W. Ball
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 191-207
Many waters sampled in Yellowstone National Park, both high-temperature (30-94 ??C) and low-temperature (0-30 ??C), are acid-sulfate type with pH values of 1-5. Sulfuric acid is the dominant component, especially as pH values decrease below 3, and it forms from the oxidation of elemental S whose origin is H2S in...
Transport of viruses through saturated and unsaturated columns packed with sand
R. Anders, C.V. Chrysikopoulos
2009, Transport in Porous Media (76) 121-138
Laboratory-scale virus transport experiments were conducted in columns packed with sand under saturated and unsaturated conditions. The viruses employed were the male-specific RNA coliphage, MS2, and the Salmonella typhimurium phage, PRD1. The mathematical model developed by Sim and Chrysikopoulos (Water Resour Res 36:173–179, 2000) that accounts for processes responsible for...
Geochemical gradients in soil O-horizon samples from southern Norway: Natural or anthropogenic?
C. Reimann, P. Englmaier, B. Flem, L. Gough, P. Lamothe, O. Nordgulen, D. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 62-76
Forty soil O- and C-horizon samples were collected along a south-to-north transect extending inland for approximately 200 km from the southern tip of Norway. The elements As, Au, Bi, Cd, Cu, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, In, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V, W, Zn and Zr all...
Ecological impacts of lead mining on Ozark streams: Toxicity of sediment and pore water
J.M. Besser, W. G. Brumbaugh, A.L. Allert, B.C. Poulton, C. J. Schmitt, C.G. Ingersoll
2009, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (72) 516-526
We studied the toxicity of sediments downstream of lead-zinc mining areas in southeast Missouri, using chronic sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod, Hyalella azteca, and pore-water toxicity tests with the daphnid, Ceriodaphnia dubia. Tests conducted in 2002 documented reduced survival of amphipods in stream sediments collected near mining areas and...
Late Pleistocene paleohydrology near the boundary of the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Deserts, southeastern Arizona, USA
Jeffery S. Pigati, Jordon E. Bright, Timothy M. Shanahan, Shannon Mahan
2009, Quaternary Science Reviews (28) 286-300
Ground-water discharge (GWD) deposits form in arid environments as water tables rise and approach or breach the ground surface during periods of enhanced effective precipitation. Where preserved, these deposits contain information on the timing and elevation of past ground-water fluctuations. Here we report on the investigation of a series of...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
Multi-segment earthquakes and tsunami potential of the Aleutian megathrust
I. Shennan, R. Bruhn, George Plafker
2009, Quaternary Science Reviews (28) 7-13
Large to great earthquakes and related tsunamis generated on the Aleutian megathrust produce major hazards for both the area of rupture and heavily populated coastlines around much of the Pacific Ocean. Here we use paleoseismic records preserved in coastal sediments to investigate whether segment boundaries control the largest ruptures or...
Male songbirds provide indirect parental care by guarding females during incubation
B.C. Fedy, T. E. Martin
2009, Behavioral Ecology (20) 1034-1038
Across many taxa, guarding of fertile mates is a widespread tactic that enhances paternity assurance. However, guarding of mates can also occur during the nonfertile period, and the fitness benefits of this behavior are unclear. Male songbirds, for example, sometimes guard nonfertile females during foraging recesses from incubation. We hypothesized...
An introduction to global carbon cycle management
Eric T. Sundquist, Katherine V. Ackerman, Lauren Parker, Deborah N. Huntzinger
2009, Book chapter, Carbon Sequestration and Its Role in the Global Carbon Cycle
Past and current human activities have fundamentally altered the global carbon cycle. Potential future efforts to control atmospheric CO2 will also involve significant changes in the global carbon cycle. Carbon cycle scientists and engineers now face not only the difficulties of recording and understanding past and present changes but also...
Geospatial Data Used in Water-Level and Land-Subsidence Studies in the Mojave River and Morongo Groundwater Basins for 2008
Carolyn Glockhoff, Christina L. Stamos
2009, Report
During 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies made approximately 2,500 water-level measurements in the Mojave River and Morongo groundwater basins. These data document recent conditions and, when compared with previous data, changes in groundwater levels. A water-level contour map was drawn using data from about 700 wells, providing...
Response to critique by lucas et al. (2009) of paper by Fassett (2009) documenting Paleocene dinosaurs in the San Juan Basin
J.E. Fassett
2009, Palaeontologia Electronica (12)
In this issue of Palaeontologia Electronica Lucas, et al. (2009) question the validity f the Fassett (2009) paper that presented evidence for Paleocene dinosaurs in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico and Colorado. Their challenges focus primarily on the lithostratigraphy, palynology, and paleomagnetism of the dinosaur-bearing Ojo Alamo Sandstone,...
Fast forward modeling of Titan's infrared spectra to invert VIMS/Cassini hyperspectral images
S. Rodriguez, Stéphane Le Mouélic, P. Rannou, J. #NAME? Combe, L.L. Corre, G. Tobie, J. W. Barnes, Christophe Sotin, R. H. Brown, K. H. Baines, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson
2009, Conference Paper, WHISPERS '09 - 1st Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing
The surface of Titan, the largest icy moon of Saturn, is veiled by a very thick and hazy atmosphere. The Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft, in orbit around Saturn since July 2004, conduct an intensive survey of Titan with the objective to understand the complex nature...
Fluvial fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrients and potential impacts on tropical coastal water Biogeochemistry: Oahu, Hawai'i
D.J. Hoover, F.T. MacKenzie
2009, Aquatic Geochemistry (15) 547-570
Baseflow and storm runoff fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and nutrients (N and P) were assessed in conservation, urban, and agricultural streams discharging to coastal waters around the tropical island of Oahu, Hawai'i. Despite unusually low storm frequency and intensity during the study, storms accounted for 8-77% (median...
The Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada-Evidence for Early Proterozoic magmatic arc crust at the edge of the North American craton
M. Pilkington, R. W. Saltus
2009, Tectonophysics (478) 78-86
We characterize the nature of the source of the high-amplitude, long-wavelength, Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly (MRA), Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada, based on magnetic field data collected at three different altitudes: 300 m, 3.5 km and 400 km. The MRA is the largest amplitude (13 nT)...
Exploration of Victoria crater by the mars rover opportunity
S. W. Squyres, A.H. Knoll, R. E. Arvidson, James W. Ashley, J.F. Bell III, W. M. Calvin, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, B. A. Cohen, P.A. De Souza Jr., L. Edgar, W. H. Farrand, I. Fleischer, Ralf Gellert, M.P. Golombek, J. Grant, J. Grotzinger, A. Hayes, K. E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, B. Jolliff, G. Klingelhofer, A. Knudson, R. Li, T.J. McCoy, S. M. McLennan, D. W. Ming, D. W. Mittlefehldt, R.V. Morris, J. W. Rice Jr., C. Schroder, R.J. Sullivan, A. Yen, R.A. Yingst
2009, Science (324) 1058-1061
The Mars rover Opportunity has explored Victoria crater, a ???750-meter eroded impact crater formed in sulfate-rich sedimentary rocks. Impact-related stratigraphy is preserved in the crater walls, and meteoritic debris is present near the crater rim. The size of hematite-rich concretions decreases up-section, documenting variation in the intensity of groundwater processes....
The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change
Susan H. Cannon, Jerry DeGraff
2009, Book chapter, This is a chapter in the book <i>Landslides � Disaster Risk Reduction</i>
In southern California and the intermountain west of the USA, debris flows generated from recently-burned basins pose significant hazards. Increases in the frequency and size of wildfires throughout the western USA can be attributed to increases in the number of fire ignitions, fire suppression practices, and climatic influences. Increased urbanization...
Scaling effects in direct shear tests
A.D. Orlando, D.M. Hanes, H.H. Shen
2009, Conference Paper, AIP Conference Proceedings
Laboratory experiments of the direct shear test were performed on spherical particles of different materials and diameters. Results of the bulk friction vs. non-dimensional shear displacement are presented as a function of the non-dimensional particle diameter. Simulations of the direct shear test were performed using the Discrete Element Method (DEM)....
Preface
Brian J. McPherson, Eric T. Sundquist
2009, Book chapter, Carbon sequestration and Its role in the global carbon cycle
Carbon sequestration has emerged as an important option in policies to mitigate the increasing atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). Significant quantities of anthropogenic CO2 are sequestered by natural carbon uptake in plants, soils, and the oceans. These uptake processes are objects of intense study by biogeochemists, ecologists, and...
