Using high-frequency sampling to detect effects of atmospheric pollutants on stream chemistry
Stephen D. Sebestyen, James B. Shanley, Elizabeth W. Boyer
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
We combined information from long-term (weekly over many years) and short-term (high-frequency during rainfall and snowmelt events) stream water sampling efforts to understand how atmospheric deposition affects stream chemistry. Water samples were collected at the Sleepers River Research Watershed, VT, a temperate upland forest site that receives elevated atmospheric deposition...
Responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to urbanization in nine metropolitan areas of the conterminous United States
T. F. Cuffney, G. McMahon, R. Kashuba, J. T. May, I.R. Waite
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
The effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrates were investigated in nine metropolitan areas (Boston, MA; Raleigh, NC; Atlanta, GA; Birmingham, AL; Milwaukee–Green Bay, WI; Denver, CO; Dallas–Fort Worth, TX; Salt Lake City, UT; and Portland, OR) as a part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program. Several...
Primary factors affecting water quality and quantity in four watersheds in Eastern Puerto Rico
Sheila F. Murphy, Robert F. Stallard
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
As part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program, four small watersheds in eastern Puerto Rico were monitored to identify and evaluate the effects of geology, landcover, atmospheric deposition, and other factors on stream water quality and quantity. Two catchments are located on coarse-grained...
Using "big data" to optimally model hydrology and water quality across expansive regions
E.A. Roehl Jr., J.B. Cook, P.A. Conrads
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
This paper describes a new divide and conquer approach that leverages big environmental data, utilizing all available categorical and time-series data without subjectivity, to empirically model hydrologic and water-quality behaviors across expansive regions. The approach decomposes large, intractable problems into smaller ones that are optimally solved; decomposes complex signals into...
Gas hydrate drilling transect across northern Cascadia margin - IODP Expedition 311
M. Riedel, Timothy S. Collett, M.J. Malone
2009, Geological Society Special Publication 11-19
A transect of four sites (U1325, U1326, U1327 and U1329) across the northern Cascadia margin was established during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311 to study the occurrence and formation of gas hydrate in accretionary complexes. In addition to the transect sites, a fifth site (U1328) was established at a...
Delta lobe degradation and hurricane impacts governing large-scale coastal behavior, South-central Louisiana, USA
M.D. Miner, M.A. Kulp, D. M. FitzGerald, J. G. Flocks, H.D. Weathers
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 441-453
A large deficit in the coastal sediment budget, high rates of relative sea-level rise (???0.9 cm/year), and storm-induced current and wave erosion are forcing barrier shoreface retreat along the periphery of the Mississippi River delta plain. Additionally, conversion of interior wetlands to open water has increased the bay tidal prism,...
Isoscapes to address large-scale earth science challenges
G.J. Bowen, J. B. West, B. H. Vaughn, T. E. Dawson, J.R. Ehleringer, M. L. Fogel, K. Hobson, J. Hoogewerff, C. Kendall, C.-T. Lai, C.C. Miller, D. Noone, H. Schwarcz, C.J. Still
2009, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (90) 109-110
No abstract available....
A calibrated, high-resolution goes satellite solar insolation product for a climatology of Florida evapotranspiration
S.J. Paech, J.R. Mecikalski, D. M. Sumner, C.S. Pathak, Q. Wu, S. Islam, T. Sangoyomi
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 1328-1342
Estimates of incoming solar radiation (insolation) from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite observations have been produced for the state of Florida over a 10-year period (1995-2004). These insolation estimates were developed into well-calibrated half-hourly and daily integrated solar insolation fields over the state at 2 km resolution, in addition to a...
Accumulation of iron and arsenic in the Chandina alluvium of the lower delta plain, Southeastern Bangladesh
A. Zahid, M.Q. Hassan, G. N. Breit, K.-D. Balke, M. Flegr
2009, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (31) 69-84
Accumulations of iron, manganese, and arsenic occur in the Chandina alluvium of southeastern Bangladesh within 2.5 m of the ground surface. These distinctive orange-brown horizons are subhorizontal and consistently occur within 1 m of the contact of the aerated (yellow-brown) and water-saturated (gray) sediment. Ferric oxyhydroxide precipitates that define the...
Numerical study of tsunami generated by multiple submarine slope failures in Resurrection Bay, Alaska, during the MW 9.2 1964 earthquake
E. Suleimani, R. Hansen, Peter J. Haeussler
2009, Conference Paper, Pure and Applied Geophysics
We use a viscous slide model of Jiang and LeBlond (1994) coupled with nonlinear shallow water equations to study tsunami waves in Resurrection Bay, in south-central Alaska. The town of Seward, located at the head of Resurrection Bay, was hit hard by both tectonic and local landslide-generated tsunami waves during...
Possible deep fault slip preceding the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, inferred from detailed observations of tectonic tremor
David R. Shelly
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36) 1-6
Earthquake predictability depends, in part, on the degree to which sudden slip is preceded by slow aseismic slip. Recently, observations of deep tremor have enabled inferences of deep slow slip even when detection by other means is not possible, but these data are limited to certain areas and mostly the...
A Multi-Level Approach to Outreach for Geologic Sequestration Projects
S.E. Greenberg, H.E. Leetaru, I.G. Krapac, K. Hnottavange-Telleen, R.J. Finley
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
Public perception of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) projects represents a potential barrier to commercialization. Outreach to stakeholders at the local, regional, and national level is needed to create familiarity with and potential acceptance of CCS projects. This paper highlights the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC) multi-level outreach approach which...
Site characterization for urban seismic hazards in lower Manhattan, New York City, from microtremor array analysis
W. J. Stephenson, S. Hartzell, A.D. Frankel, M. Asten, D. L. Carver, W.Y. Kim
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
We characterize the shear-wave velocity (Vs) of soil deposits in lower Manhattan at six sites using the SPAC and HVSR microtremor methods. The soil Vs ranges from 140 m/s to 300 m/s over bedrock. We believe that bedrock depth is constrained to ±15% with these microtremor data, but an accurate...
An emerging crisis across northern prairie refuges: Prevalence of invasive plants and a plan for adaptive management
T.A. Grant, B. Flanders-Wanner, T.L. Shaffer, R.K. Murphy, G.A. Knutsen
2009, Ecological Restoration (27) 58-65
In the northern Great Plains, native prairies managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) can be pivotal in conservation of North America's biological diversity. From 2002 to 2006, we surveyed 7,338 belt transects to assess the general composition of mixed-grass and tallgrass prairie vegetation across five "complexes" (i.e.,...
Water quality analysis of groundwater in crystalline basement rocks, Northern Ghana
Y.S. Anku, B. Banoeng-Yakubo, D.K. Asiedu, S.M. Yidana
2009, Environmental Geology (58) 989-997
Hydrochemical data are presented for groundwater samples, collected from fractured aquifers in parts of northern Ghana. The data was collected to assess the groundwater suitability for domestic and agricultural use. Results of the study reveal that the pH of the groundwater in the area is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline....
Abundance and distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in offshore soft sediments in Western Lake Huron, 2001-2007
J. R. P. French III, J.S. Schaeffer, E.F. Roseman, C.S. Kiley, A. Fouilleroux
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 120-127
Invasive species have had major impacts on the Great Lakes. This is especially true of exotic dreissenid mussels which are associated with decreased abundance of native macroinvertebrates and changes in food availability for fish. Beginning in 2001, we added a benthic macroinvertebrate survey to the USGS-Great Lakes Science Center's annual...
Spatial and temporal distributions of Martian north polar cold spots before, during, and after the global dust storm of 2001
C. Cornwall, T.N. Titus
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
In the 1970s, Mariner and Viking observed features in the Mars northern polar region that were a few hundred kilometers in diameter with 20 fj,m brightness temperatures as low as 130 K (considerably below C02 ice sublimation temperatures). Over the past decade, studies have shown that these areas (commonly called...
Joint spatiotemporal variability of global sea surface temperatures and global Palmer drought severity index values
S. Apipattanavis, G.J. McCabe, B. Rajagopalan, S. Gangopadhyay
2009, Journal of Climate (22) 6251-6267
Dominant modes of individual and joint variability in global sea surface temperatures (SST) and global Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) values for the twentieth century are identified through a multivariate frequency domain singular value decomposition. This analysis indicates that a secular trend and variability related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation...
Comment on "Evaluating interactions between groundwater and vadose zone using the HYDRUS-based flow package for MODFLOW" by Navin Kumar C. Twarakavi, Jirka Šimůnek and Sophia Seo
R.G. Niswonger, David E. Prudic
2009, Vadose Zone Journal (8) 818-819
Twarakavi et al (2008) compared four packages that can be used to estimate recharge for regional-scale groundwater flow simulations using MODFLOW (Harbaugh, 2005). This comment is focused on the comparisons made between two of these packages, namely, UZF1 (Niswonger et al., 2006) and a derivative of HYDRUS referred to herein...
Impact of sampling strategy on stream load estimates in till landscape of the Midwest
P. Vidon, L.E. Hubbard, E. Soyeux
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (159) 367-379
Accurately estimating various solute loads in streams during storms is critical to accurately determine maximum daily loads for regulatory purposes. This study investigates the impact of sampling strategy on solute load estimates in streams in the US Midwest. Three different solute types (nitrate, magnesium, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and...
Assessing the occurrence and distribution of pyrethroids in water and suspended sediments
M.L. Hladik, K.M. Kuivila
2009, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (57) 9079-9085
The distribution of pyrethroid insecticides in the environment was assessed by separately measuring concentrations in the dissolved and suspended sediment phases of surface water samples. Filtered water was extracted by HLB solid-phase extraction cartridges, while the sediment on the filter was sonicated and cleaned up using carbon and aluminum cartridges....
Retrospective characterization of ontogenetic shifts in killer whale diets via δ13C and δ15N analysis of teeth
Seth D. Newsome, Michael A. Etnier, Daniel H. Monson, Marilyn L. Fogel
2009, Marine Ecology Progress Series (374) 229-242
Metabolically inert, accretionary structures such as the dentin growth layers in teeth provide a life history record of individual diet with near-annual resolution. We constructed ontogenetic δ13C and δ15N profiles by analyzing tooth dentin growth layers from 13 individual killer whales Orcinus orca collected in the eastern northeast Pacific Ocean...
Identifying and prioritizing ungulate migration routes for landscape-level conservation
H. Sawyer, M. J. Kauffman, R. M. Nielson, J. S. Horne
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 2016-2025
As habitat loss and fragmentation increase across ungulate ranges, identifying and prioritizing migration routes for conservation has taken on new urgency. Here we present a general framework using the Brownian bridge movement model (BBMM) that: (1) provides a probabilistic estimate of the migration routes of a sampled population, (2) distinguishes...
Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images
T.C. Stone
2009, Metrologia (46)
An extensive database of star (and Moon) images has been collected by the ground-based RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) as part of the US Geological Survey program for lunar calibration. The stellar data are used to derive nightly atmospheric corrections for the observations from extinction measurements, and absolute calibration of the...
Murres, capelin and ocean climate: Inter-annual associations across a decadal shift
P.M. Regular, F. Shuhood, T. Power, W.A. Montevecchi, G.J. Robertson, D. Ballam, John F. Piatt, B. Nakashima
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (156) 293-302
To ensure energy demands for reproduction are met, it is essential that marine birds breed during periods of peak food availability. We examined associations of the breeding chronology of common murres (Uria aalge) with the timing of the inshore arrival of their primary prey, capelin (Mallotus villosus) from 1980 to...
