Bacterial and archaeal phylogenetic diversity of a cold sulfur-rich spring on the shoreline of Lake Erie, Michigan
A. Chaudhary, S.K. Haack, J.W. Duris, T.L. Marsh
2009, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (75) 5025-5036
Studies of sulfidic springs have provided new insights into microbial metabolism, groundwater biogeochemistry, and geologic processes. We investigated Great Sulphur Spring on the western shore of Lake Erie and evaluated the phylogenetic affiliations of 189 bacterial and 77 archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences from three habitats: the spring origin (11-m...
Soil geochemical signature of urbanization and industrialization – Chicago, Illinois, USA
W.F. Cannon, John D. Horton
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1590-1601
The concentrations of 45 elements in ambient (not obviously disturbed) surface soils were determined for 57 sites distributed throughout the city of Chicago, Illinois in the upper Midwestern United States. These concentrations were compared to soils from 105 sites from a largely agricultural region within a 500-km radius surrounding the...
Spring and winter records of the eastern pipistrelle (Perimyotis subflavus) in southeastern New Mexico
Ernest W. Valdez, Keith Geluso, Jennifer Foote, Gosia Allison-Kosior, David M. Roemer
2009, Western North American Naturalist (69) 396-398
Eastern pipistrelles (Perimyotis subflavus) were first documented from South Dakota, western Texas, and New Mexico during recent years, suggesting that the distribution of this species is expanding westward across central parts of North America. In New Mexico, only 2 records of P. subflavus previously were known—one from summer and one from autumn....
Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissures in Xian, China 2005-2006: Mapped by sar Interferometry
C.Y. Zhao, Q. Zhang, X.-L. Ding, Z. Lu, C.S. Yang, X.M. Qi
2009, Environmental Geology (58) 1533-1540
The City of Xian, China, has been experiencing significant land subsidence and ground fissure activities since 1960s, which have brought various severe geohazards including damages to buildings, bridges and other facilities. Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissure activities can provide useful information for assessing the extent of, and mitigating...
Monitoring urban land cover change by updating the national land cover database impervious surface products
George Z. Xian, Collin G. Homer
2009, Conference Paper, 2009 Joint urban remote sensing event
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001 is widely used as a baseline for national land cover and impervious conditions. To ensure timely and relevant data, it is important to update this base to a more recent time period. A prototype method was developed to update...
Testing the Mojave-Sonora megashear hypothesis: Evidence from Paleoproterozoic igneous rocks and deformed Mesozoic strata in Sonora, Mexico
J.M. Amato, T.F. Lawton, D.J. Mauel, W.J. Leggett, C. M. Gonzalez-Leon, G. L. Farmer, J. L. Wooden
2009, Geology (37) 75-78
U-Pb ages and Nd isotope values of Proterozoic rocks in Sonora, Mexico, indicate the presence of Caborca-type basement, predicted to lie only south of the Mojave-Sonora mega-shear, 40 km north of the postulated megashear. Granitoids have U-Pb zircon ages of 1763-1737 Ma and 1076 Ma, with ??Nd(t) values from +1.4...
Comparison of monkeypox viruses pathogenesis in mice by in vivo imaging
Jorge E. Osorio, Keith P. Iams, Carol U. Meteyer, Tonie E. Rocke
2009, PLoS ONE (4)
Monkeypox viruses (MPXV) cause human monkeypox, a zoonotic smallpox-like disease endemic to Africa, and are of worldwide public health and biodefense concern. Using viruses from the Congo (MPXV-2003-Congo-358) and West African (MPXV-2003-USA-044) clades, we constructed recombinant viruses that express the luciferase gene (MPXV-Congo/Luc+and MPXV-USA-Luc+) and compared their viral infection in...
Not all water becomes wine: Sulfur inputs as an opportune tracer of hydrochemical losses from vineyards
Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, Carol Kendall, Keith Loague
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
California's widespread and economically important vineyards offer substantial opportunities to understand the interface between hydrology and biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. The common use of native sulfur (S) as a fumigant or soil additive provides a novel way to isotopically differentiate among sulfate (SO42−) pools, allowing the estimation of water and...
Using packrat middens to assess grazing effects on vegetation change
J. Fisher, K.L. Cole, R. Scott Anderson
2009, Journal of Arid Environments (73) 937-948
Research on grazing effects usually compares the same sites through time or grazed and ungrazed sites over the same time period. Both approaches are complicated in arid environments where grazing can have a long undocumented history and landscapes can be spatially heterogenous. This work employs both approaches simultaneously by comparing...
Experimental study of near-field air entrainment by subsonic volcanic jets
Stephen A. Solovitz, Larry G. Mastin
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114) 1-9
The flow structure in the developing region of a turbulent jet has been examined using particle image velocimetry methods, considering the flow at steady state conditions. The velocity fields were integrated to determine the ratio of the entrained air speed to the jet speed, which was approximately 0.03 for a...
Composition of the seed bank in drawdown areas of navigation pool 8 of the upper Mississippi river
K.P. Kenow, J.E. Lyon
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 194-207
In an effort to enhance aquatic plant production and habitat diversity on the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), resource managers considered water level reduction as a management tool to increase the area of emergent and submersed aquatic vegetation by natural seed germination. To quantify the availability of seed, we assessed the...
Cacades: A reliable dissemination protocol for data collection sensor network
Y. Peng, W. Song, R. Huang, M. Xu, B. Shirazi, R. LaHusen, G. Pei
2009, Conference Paper, IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
In this paper, we propose a fast and reliable data dissemination protocol Cascades to disseminate data from the sink(base station) to all or a subset of nodes in a data collection sensor network. Cascades makes use of the parentmonitor-children analogy to ensure reliable dissemination. Each node monitors whether or not...
Nitrogen dynamics across silvicultural canopy gaps in young forests of western Oregon
A.L. Thiel, S.S. Perakis
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 273-287
Silvicultural canopy gaps are emerging as an alternative management tool to accelerate development of complex forest structure in young, even-aged forests of the Pacific Northwest. The effect of gap creation on available nitrogen (N) is of concern to managers because N is often a limiting nutrient in Pacific Northwest forests....
Influence of seasonal, diel, lunar, and other environmental factors on upstream fish passage in the igarapava fish ladder, Brazil
P.M. Bizzotto, Alexandre L. Godinho, V. Vono, B. Kynard, Hugo P. Godinho
2009, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (18) 461-472
Upstream fish passage was evaluated during 12 months in the vertical-slot Igarapava Fish Ladder constructed around Igarapava Dam, in the heavily dammed Grande River, Southeast Brazil. A video monitoring system was used to observe 61,621 fish that passed the ladder, of which 93.5% were identified to 15 taxa. Among the...
Forecasting distributions of large federal-lands fires utilizing satellite and gridded weather information
H.K. Preisler, R.E. Burgan, J.C. Eidenshink, Jacqueline M. Klaver, R. W. Klaver
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 508-516
The current study presents a statistical model for assessing the skill of fire danger indices and for forecasting the distribution of the expected numbers of large fires over a given region and for the upcoming week. The procedure permits development of daily maps that forecast, for the forthcoming week and...
Changing sources of strontium to soils and ecosystems across the Hawaiian Islands
O.A. Chadwick, L.A. Derry, C.R. Bern, P.M. Vitousek
2009, Chemical Geology (267) 64-76
Strontium isotope ratios assist ecosystem scientists in constraining the sources of alkaline earth elements, but their interpretation can be difficult because of complexities in mineral weathering and in the geographical and environmental controls on elemental additions and losses. Hawaii is a "natural laboratory" where a number of important biogeochemical variables...
Offshore double-planed shallow seismic zone in the NE Japan forearc region revealed by sP depth phases recorded by regional networks
S.S.N. Gamage, N. Umino, A. Hasegawa, S. H. Kirby
2009, Geophysical Journal International (178) 195-214
We detected the sP depth phase at small epicentral distances of about 150 km or more in the seismograms of shallow earthquakes in the NE Japan forearc region. The focal depths of 1078 M > 3 earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to 2006 were precisely determined using the time delay...
Promoting species establishment in a phragmites-dominated great lakes coastal wetland
M.L. Carlson, K.P. Kowalski, D.A. Wilcox
2009, Natural Areas Journal (29) 263-280
This study examined efforts to promote species establishment and maintain diversity in a Phragmites-dominated wetland where primary control measures were underway. A treatment experiment was performed at Crane Creek, a drowned-river-mouth wetland in Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge along the shore of western Lake Erie. Following initial aerial spraying of Phragmites...
The potential of mid- and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for determining major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from a geochemical survey of North America
J. B. Reeves III, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1472-1481
In 2004, soils were collected at 220 sites along two transects across the USA and Canada as a pilot study for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America (North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project). The objective of the current study was to examine the potential of diffuse reflectance (DR)...
Episodes of floods in Mangala Valles, Mars, from the analysis of HRSC, MOC and THEMIS images
A.T. Basilevsky, G. Neukum, S.C. Werner, A. Dumke, S. Van Gasselt, T. Kneissl, W. Zuschneid, D. Rommel, L. Wendt, M. Chapman, J.W. Head, R. Greeley
2009, Planetary and Space Science (57) 917-943
The Mangala Valles is a 900-km long outflow channel system in the highlands adjacent to the south-eastern flank of the Tharsis bulge. This work was intended to answer the following two questions unresolved in previous studies: (1) Was there only one source of water (Mangala Fossa at the valley head...
Multiscale habitat selection by Ruffed Grouse at low population densities
G.S. Zimmerman, R. J. Gutierrez, W.E. Thogmartin, S. Banerjee
2009, Condor (111) 294-304
Theory suggests habitats should be chosen according to their relative evolutionary benefits and costs. It has been hypothesized that aspen (Populus spp.) forests provide optimal habitat for Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus). We used the low phase of a grouse population's cycle to assess the prediction that grouse should occupy aspen...
A historical perspective on the "fish tumors or other deformities" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern
S.D. Rafferty, V. S. Blazer, A.E. Pinkney, J.L. Grazio, E.C. Obert, L. Boughton
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 496-506
The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement defines Areas of Concern as geographic areas that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the agreement where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use of the area's ability to support aquatic life. One of the...
Eruption-related lahars and sedimentation response downstream of Mount Hood: Field guide to volcaniclastic deposits along the Sandy River, Oregon
Thomas C. Pierson, Scott W. Akins, James W. Vallance, Patrick T. Pringle
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Late Holocene dome-building eruptions at Mount Hood during the Timberline and Old Maid eruptive periods resulted in numerous dome-collapse pyroclastic flows and lahars that moved large volumes of volcaniclastic sediment into temporary storage in headwater canyons of the Sandy River. During each eruptive period, accelerated sediment loading to the river...
A field guide to Newberry Volcano, Oregon
Robert A. Jenson, Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, Daniele McKay
2009, Book chapter, GSA Field Guide: Volcanoes to Vineyards: Geologic Field Trips through the Dynamic Landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Newberry Volcano is located in central Oregon at the intersection of the Cascade Range and the High Lava Plains. Its lavas range in age from ca. 0.5 Ma to late Holocene. Erupted products range in composition from basalt through rhyolite and cover ~3000 km2. The most recent caldera-forming eruption occurred...
Is there evidence of adaptation to tidal flooding in saplings of baldcypress subjected to different salinity regimes?
K. W. Krauss, T.W. Doyle, R.J. Howard
2009, Environmental and Experimental Botany (67) 118-126
Plant populations may adapt to environmental conditions over time by developing genetically based morphological or physiological characteristics. For tidal freshwater forested wetlands, we hypothesized that the conditions under which trees developed led to ecotypic difference in response of progeny to hydroperiod. Specifically, we looked for evidence of ecotypic adaptation for...
