Ages and lengths of yellow perch Perca flavescens, white perch Morone americana, and lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis in commercial trap nets in western Lake Erie
Martin A. Stapanian, William Edwards, Michael J. Porta, Michael T. Bur, Patrick Kocovsky
2009, Conference Paper
We collected samples of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and white perch (Morone americana) in spring, and of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in autumn, from commercial trap nets set in western Lake Erie in 2008. The yellow perch sample (N = 153) was dominated (72%, of the total sample) by...
Water-quality assessment of the largely urban blue river basin, Metropolitan Kansas City, USA, 1998 to 2007
D.H. Wilkison, D.J. Armstrong, S.A. Hampton
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
From 1998 through 2007, over 750 surface-water or bed-sediment samples in the Blue River Basin - a largely urban basin in metropolitan Kansas City - were analyzed for more than 100 anthropogenic compounds. Compounds analyzed included nutrients, fecal-indicator bacteria, suspended sediment, pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Non-point source runoff, hydrologic...
A critical evaluation of crustal dehydration as the cause of an overpressured and weak San Andreas Fault
P.M. Fulton, D.M. Saffer, B.A. Bekins
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (284) 447-454
Many plate boundary faults, including the San Andreas Fault, appear to slip at unexpectedly low shear stress. One long-standing explanation for a "weak" San Andreas Fault is that fluid release by dehydration reactions during regional metamorphism generates elevated fluid pressures that are localized within the fault, reducing the effective normal...
Predicting 21st-century polar bear habitat distribution from global climate models
George M. Durner, David C. Douglas, R. M. Nielson, Steven C. Amstrup, T. L. McDonald, I. Stirling, Mette Mauritzen, E.W. Born, O. Wiig, E. Deweaver, Mark C. Serreze, Stanislav Belikov, M.M. Holland, J. Maslanik, Jon Aars, D.A. Bailey, A.E. Derocher
2009, Ecological Monographs (79) 25-58
Projections of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) sea ice habitat distribution in the polar basin during the 21st century were developed to understand the consequences of anticipated sea ice reductions on polar bear populations. We used location data from satellitecollared polar bears and environmental data (e.g., bathymetry, distance to coastlines, and...
Taphonomic and zooarchaeological implications of spotted hyena (crocuta crocuta) bone accumulations in kenya: A modern behavioral ecological approach
S.W. Lansing, S.M. Cooper, E. E. Boydston, K.E. Holekamp
2009, Paleobiology (35) 289-309
The significant impact of extant carnivores, particularly spotted hyenas, on the depo-sitional history and physical characteristics of archaeofaunal and paleontological assemblages is well recognized. We focus on the behavioral ecology of extant spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in relation to bone accumulations produced by one East African clan at communal dens....
Far field tsunami simulations of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake: Implications for tsunami hazard to the U.S. East Coast and the Caribbean
R. Barkan, Uri S. ten Brink, J. Lin
2009, Marine Geology (264) 109-122
The great Lisbon earthquake of November 1st, 1755 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.5-9.0 was the most destructive earthquake in European history. The associated tsunami run-up was reported to have reached 5-15??m along the Portuguese and Moroccan coasts and the run-up was significant at the Azores and Madeira Island....
Cahokia's boom and bust in the context of climate change
L. V. Benson, T. R. Pauketat, E.R. Cook
2009, American Antiquity (74) 467-483
During the early Mississippian Lohmann phase (A.D. 1050-1100), the American Bottom experienced a political and economic transformation. This transformation included the abrupt planned construction of central Cahokia, a large-scale influx of people to "downtown Cahokia," the abandonment of pre-Mississippian village settlements, the reorganization of farming in the Mississippi River floodplain,...
Thermal characteristics of amphibian microhabitats in a fire-disturbed landscape
B. R. Hossack, L.A. Eby, C.G. Guscio, P.S. Corn
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1414-1421
Disturbance has long been a central issue in amphibian conservation, often regarding negative effects of logging or other forest management activities, but some amphibians seem to prefer disturbed habitats. After documenting increased use of recently burned forests by boreal toads (Bufo boreas), we hypothesized that burned habitats provided improved thermal...
Isotopic variability of mercury in ore, mine-waste calcine, and leachates of mine-waste calcine from areas mined for mercury
S.J. Stetson, J. E. Gray, R. B. Wanty, D.L. Macalady
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 7331-7336
The isotopic composition of mercury (Hg) was determined in cinnabar ore, mine-waste calcine (retorted ore), and leachates obtained from water leaching experiments of calcine from two large Hg mining districts in the U.S. This study is the first to report significant mass-dependent Hg isotopic fractionation between cinnabar ore and resultant...
Response of the everglades ridge and slough landscape to climate variability and 20th-century water management
C.E. Bernhardt, Debra A. Willard
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1723-1738
The ridge and slough landscape of the Florida Everglades consists of a mosaic of linear sawgrass ridges separated by deeper-water sloughs with tree islands interspersed throughout the landscape. We used pollen assemblages from transects of sediment cores spanning sawgrass ridges, sloughs, and ridge-slough transition zones to determine the timing of...
Gene-expression signatures of Atlantic salmon's plastic life cycle
N. Aubin-Horth, B. H. Letcher, H.A. Hofmann
2009, General and Comparative Endocrinology (163) 278-284
How genomic expression differs as a function of life history variation is largely unknown. Atlantic salmon exhibits extreme alternative life histories. We defined the gene-expression signatures of wild-caught salmon at two different life stages by comparing the brain expression profiles of mature sneaker males and immature males, and early migrants...
Divergence in an obligate mutualism is not explained by divergent climatic factors
W. Godsoe, Espen Strand, C.I. Smith, J.B. Yoder, T. C. Esque, O. Pellmyr
2009, New Phytologist (183) 589-599
Adaptation to divergent environments creates and maintains biological diversity, but we know little about the importance of different agents of ecological divergence. Coevolution in obligate mutualisms has been hypothesized to drive divergence, but this contention has rarely been tested against alternative ecological explanations. Here, we use a well-established example of...
An Integrated Social, Economic, and Ecologic Conceptual (ISEEC) framework for considering rangeland sustainability
W.E. Fox, D.W. McCollum, J.E. Mitchell, L.E. Swanson, U.P. Kreuter, J.A. Tanaka, G.R. Evans, Heintz H. Theodore, R.P. Breckenridge, P.H. Geissler
2009, Society and Natural Resources (22) 593-606
Currently, there is no standard method to assess the complex systems in rangeland ecosystems. Decision makers need baselines to create a common language of current rangeland conditions and standards for continued rangeland assessment. The Sustainable Rangeland Roundtable (SRR), a group of private and public organizations and agencies, has created a...
Geomorphic controls on mercury accumulation in soils from a historically mined watershed, Central California Coast Range, USA
J.M. Holloway, M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1538-1548
Historic Hg mining in the Cache Creek watershed in the Central California Coast Range has contributed to the downstream transport of Hg to the San Francisco Bay-Delta. Different aspects of Hg mobilization in soils, including pedogenesis, fluvial redistribution of sediment, volatilization and eolian transport were considered. The greatest soil concentrations...
Heavy metal distribution in soils near Palapye, Botswana: An evaluation of the environmental impact of coal mining and combustion on soils in a semi-arid region
M. Zhai, O. Totolo, M.P. Modisi, R. B. Finkelman, S.M. Kelesitse, M. Menyatso
2009, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (31) 759-777
Morupule Colliery near Palapye in eastern Botswana is the only coalmine in production in Botswana at present. Its coal is mainly used in the nearby coal-fired Morupule Power Station, which generates approximately 1,000 GWh of electricity per annum. After more than 30 years mining and more than 20 years of...
Accretionary orogens through Earth history
Peter A. Cawood, A. Kroner, W.J. Collins, T.M. Kusky, Walter D. Mooney, B.F. Windley
2009, Geological Society Special Publication 1-36
Accretionary orogens form at intraoceanic and continental margin convergent plate boundaries. They include the supra-subduction zone forearc, magmatic arc and back-arc components. Accretionary orogens can be grouped into retreating and advancing types, based on their kinematic framework and resulting geological character. Retreating orogens (e.g. modern western Pacific) are undergoing long-term...
Relationship of stream ecological conditions to simulated hydraulic metrics across a gradient of basin urbanization
J. J. Steuer, J. D. Bales, E.M.P. Giddings
2009, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (28) 955-976
The relationships among urbanization, stream hydraulics, and aquatic biology were investigated across a gradient of urbanization in 30 small basins in eastern Wisconsin, USA. Simulation of hydraulic metrics with 1-dimensional unsteady flow models was an effective means for mechanistically coupling the effects of urbanization with stream ecological conditions (i.e., algae,...
The occurrence of glyphosate, atrazine, and other pesticides in vernal pools and adjacent streams in Washington, DC, Maryland, Iowa, and Wyoming, 2005-2006
William A. Battaglin, Karen C. Rice, Michael J. Focazio, Sue Salmons, Robert X. Barry
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (155) 281-307
Vernal pools are sensitive environments that provide critical habitat for many species, including amphibians. These small water bodies are not always protected by pesticide label requirements for no-spray buffer zones, and the occurrence of pesticides in them is poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of glyphosate, its...
Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO2 fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska
J. A. O'Donnell, M.R. Turetsky, J.W. Harden, K.L. Manies, L.E. Pruett, G. Shetler, J. C. Neff
2009, Ecosystems (12) 57-72
Fire is an important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest region. Here, we present findings from two complementary studies that examine how fire modifies soil organic matter properties, and how these modifications influence rates of decomposition and C exchange in black spruce (Picea mariana) ecosystems of...
Anatomy of the western Java plate interface from depth-migrated seismic images
H. Kopp, D. Hindle, D. Klaeschen, O. Oncken, C. Reichert, D. Scholl
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (288) 399-407
Newly pre-stack depth-migrated seismic images resolve the structural details of the western Java forearc and plate interface. The structural segmentation of the forearc into discrete mechanical domains correlates with distinct deformation styles. Approximately 2/3 of the trench sediment fill is detached and incorporated into frontal prism imbricates, while the floor...
Characterizing canopy biochemistry from imaging spectroscopy and its application to ecosystem studies
R.F. Kokaly, Gregory P. Asner, S.V. Ollinger, M.E. Martin, C.A. Wessman
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113)
For two decades, remotely sensed data from imaging spectrometers have been used to estimate non-pigment biochemical constituents of vegetation, including water, nitrogen, cellulose, and lignin. This interest has been motivated by the important role that these substances play in physiological processes such as photosynthesis, their relationships with ecosystem processes such...
Geochemical Modeling of Carbon Sequestration, MMV, and EOR in the Illinois Basin
P.M. Berger, William R. Roy, E. Mehnert
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The Illinois State Geologic Survey is conducting several ongoing CO2 sequestration projects that require geochemical models to gain an understanding of the processes occurring in the subsurface. The ISGS has collected brine and freshwater samples associated with an enhanced oil recovery project in the Loudon oil field. Geochemical modeling allows...
Comparing stochastic point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM
D.M. Boore
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 3202-3216
Comparisons of ground motions from two widely used point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulation programs (SMSIM and EXSIM) show that the following simple modifications in EXSIM will produce agreement in the motions from a small earthquake at a large distance for the two programs: (1) base the scaling of high frequencies...
Nicotine, acetanilide and urea multi-level2H-,13C- and15N-abundance reference materials for continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry
A. Schimmelmann, A. Albertino, P.E. Sauer, H. Qi, R. Molinie, F. Mesnard
2009, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (23) 3513-3521
Accurate determinations of stable isotope ratios require a calibration using at least two reference materials with different isotopic compositions to anchor the isotopic scale and compensate for differences in machine slope. Ideally, the S values of these reference materials should bracket the isotopic range of samples with unknown S values....
Holocene evolution of Apalachicola Bay, Florida
Lisa E. Osterman, David C. Twichell, Richard Z. Poore
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 395-404
A program of geophysical mapping and vibracoring was conducted to better understand the geologic evolution of Apalachicola Bay. Analyses of the geophysical data and sediment cores along with age control provided by 34 AMS 14C dates on marine shells and wood reveal the following history. As sea level rose in the...
