Chemical oxidation of anthracite with hydrogen peroxide via the Fenton reaction
I. Heard, F. E. Senftle
1984, Fuel (63) 221-226
Solutions of 30% H2O2 ranging from pH = 0 to pH = 11.5 have been used to oxidize anthracite at room temperature. The inorganic impurities, primarily pyrite, catalysed the oxidation and reduction of H2O2 (the Fenton reaction) to form the hydroxyl radical; the oxidation of the organic matter was minimal and was observed only in strong...
HOT WATER DRILL FOR TEMPERATE ICE.
Philip L. Taylor
1984, Conference Paper, CRREL Special Report (US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory)
The development of a high-pressure hot-water drill is described, which has been used reliably in temperate ice to depths of 400 meters with an average drill rate of about 1. 5 meters per minute. One arrangement of the equipment weighs about 500 kilograms, and can be contained on two sleds,...
RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - EEZ SYMPOSIUM.
Robert W. Rowland, Bonnie A. McGregor
1984, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The Presidential proclamation on March 10, 1983, of a 200-nautical-mile-wide Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) focuses attention on the mineral resources of a vast submarine area. The hard-mineral resources in the EEZ include shallow-water placer deposits, polymetallic sulfide deposits, and cobalt-enriched manganese crusts in deeper water. The petroleum resource potential of...
A Model of Regional Ground-Water Flow in Secondary-Permeability Terrane
J. M. Gerhart
1984, Groundwater (22) 168-175
The ground-water flow system in the Lower Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania and Maryland can be considered as one complex unconfined aquifer in which secondary porosity and permeability are the dominant influences on the occurrence and flow of ground water. The degree of development of...
Accelerator radiocarbon dating of evidence for prehistoric horticulture in Illinois
N. Conard, D.L. Asch, N.B. Asch, D. Elmore, H. Gove, M. Rubin, J.A. Brown, M.D. Wiant, K.B. Farnsworth, T.G. Cook
1984, Nature (308) 443-446
With the development of direct detection radiocarbon dating, which uses an accelerator as part of a highly selective mass spectrometer, it is now possible to determine the age of milligram samples of organic materials1-5. One application of accelerator dating is in evaluating scanty, sometimes controversial evidence for early horticulture throughout...
REMOTE SENSING IN NORTHERN ARIZONA: S. P. CINDER CONE AND LAVA FLOW.
Gerald C. Schaber, R.C. Kozak, Barbara A. Burns, K.I. Bartels
1984, Conference Paper
The objective of this poster paper is to present a site-specific atlas showing a wide variety of remote sensing data sets collected for the area of S. P. Mountain and lava flow (basaltic-andesite) in north-central Arizona. The data set to be displayed includes a number of radar images, representing three...
Origin and distribution of carbon dioxide in the unsaturated zone of the southern High Plains of Texas
Warren W. Wood, Michael J. Petraitis
1984, Water Resources Research (20) 1193-1208
Partial pressures of CO2, O2, N2, and Ar were monitored at two locations in the Ogallala aquifer system on the Southern High Plains of Texas. Samples were collected monthly during parts of 1980–1981 from nine depths ranging from 0.6 to 36 meters below land surface. PCO2 was observed to be greater at...
EFFECTS OF LOCALIZED AQUIFER BOILING ON FLUID PRODUCTION AT CERRO PRIETO.
Alfred H. Truesdell, Franco D’Amore, David Nieva
1984, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Localized aquifer boiling in the shallow two-phase reservoir of Cerro Prieto has produced excess steam and increased electrical output. Unfortunately it has also caused near-well mineral deposition that has decreased permeability and fluid flow. Inflow of cold water has limited the extent of aquifer boiling and permeability loss. The deeper...
Permeability of fault gouge under confining pressure and shear stress
C.A. Morrow, L.Q. Shi, J.D. Byerlee
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (89) 3193-3200
The permeability of both clay-rich and non-clay gouges, as well as several pure clays, was studied as a function of confining pressures from 5 to 200 MPa and shear strain to 10. Permeability ranged over four orders of magnitude, from around 10−22 to 10−18 m2 (1 darcy = 0.987 × 10−12 m2). The lowest...
Banded iron-formations of late Proterozoic age in the central eastern desert, Egypt: Geology and tectonic setting
P.K. Sims, H. L. James
1984, Economic Geology (79) 1777-1784
In the central Eastern Desert of Egypt, deposits of iron-formation of the Algoma type occur as sharply defined stratigraphic units within layered volcanogenic rocks of late Proterozoic age. The volcanic sequence is characterized by interfingering and repetition of rocks of dominantly andesite-basalt composition and by tectonically juxtaposed ophiolitelike assemblages; it...
Proton and metal ion binding to natural organic polyelectrolytes—II. Preliminary investigation with a peat and a humic acid
J.A. Marinsky, M.M. Reddy
1984, Organic Geochemistry (7) 215-221
We summarize here experimental studies of proton and metal ion binding to a peat and a humic acid. Data analysis is based on a unified physico-chemical model for reaction of simple ions with polyelectrolytes employing a modified Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Peat exhibited an apparent intrinsic acid dissociation constant of 10−4.05, and...
Modeling crater topography and albedo from monoscopic Viking orbiter images: 1. Methodology
P. A. Davis, L.A. Soderblom
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (89) 9449-9457
A new photoclinometric technique for extraction of topographic data from single planetary images is presented that overcomes many previous limitations of photoclinometry. The procedure fully compensates for oblique viewing geometry prevalent in spacecraft images. Albedo variations have been one of the most serious obstacles in the application of photoclinometry to...
Small-scale features in the Earth's magnetic field observed by Magsat
J.C. Cain, D.R. Schmitz, L. Muth
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (89) 1070-1076
A spherical harmonic expansion to degree and order 29 is derived using a selected magnetically quiet sample of Magsat data. Global maps representing the contribution due to terms of the expansion above n = 13 at 400 km altitude are compared with previously published residual anomaly maps and shown to be similar,...
GEOLOGIC APPLICATIONS OF SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR DATA IN THE CENTRAL APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS.
Howard A. Pohn, C. Scott Southworth
1984, Conference Paper
Side-looking airborne radar has provided a sufficiently detailed synoptic view of the central Appalachian Mountains that the images give an unparalleled representation of the size and nature of the folds within the Valley and Ridge province. The radar data show that fold wavelengths decrease abruptly south of the region of...
FEDERAL MINERAL LAND INFORMATION SYSTEM.
Richard L. Kleckner
1984, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The ability of geographic information systems to combine point, line, and areal data has been widely documented, although the establishment of a particular data base presents its own unique problems. The U. S. Geological Survey is developing a geographic information system consisting of information on Federal surface ownership, Federal subsurface...
Holocene age of the Yuha burial: Direct radiocarbon determinations by accelerator mass spectrometry
Thomas W. Stafford Jr., A.J.T. Jull, T.H. Zabel, D.J. Donahue, R.C. Duhamel, K. Brendel, C.V. Haynes Jr., J. L. Bischoff, L.A. Payen, R.E. Taylor
1984, Nature (308) 446-447
The view that human populations may not have arrived in the Western Hemisphere before about 12,000 radiocarbon yr BP1,2 has been challenged by claims of much greater antiquity for a small number of archaeological sites and human skeleton samples. One such site is the Homo sapiens sapiens cairn burial excavated...
Lithotectonic assemblages as portrayed on the new bedrock geologic map of Massachusetts.
Norman L. Hatch Jr., E-An Zen, Richard Goldsmith, Nicholas M. Ratcliffe, Peter Robinson, Rolfe S. Stanley, David R. Wones
1984, American Journal of Science (284) 1026-1034
Scale of 1:250,000. The map units are grouped into eight lithotectonic packages. Five "zones" of older rocks that cover the whole state are, from west to east, the Taconic-Berkshire, Rowe-Hawley, Bronson Hill, Nashoba, and Milford-Dedham. In central and western Massachusetts, these zones are overlain by the Connecticut Valley and Merrimack...
Potential flow through channel constriction.
J. K. Lee
1984, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (110) 515-520
Potential flow through an eccentric, normal constriction of zero thickness in an infinitely long, straight channel of constant width and unit depth is studied by use of a Schwarz-Christoffel transformation. The transformation is integrated by a direct approach. Parametric equations for streamlines are obtained and used to compute an average...
ORIGIN OF QUARTZ IN COAL.
Leslie F. Ruppert, C. Blaine Cecil, Ronald W. Stanton
1984, Conference Paper, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints
Both a scanning electron microscope and an electron microprobe (EMP) were used in this study to analyze the cathodoluminescence properties of quartz grains in samples of the Upper Freeport coal bed because quartz grains in coal are small (silt sized) and below the resolution capabilities of a standard luminoscope. Quartz...
Evaluation of the National Archives program to convert nitrate aerial photographs of the United States to a stable-base safety film.
R.S. Williams Jr., T.R. Lyons, J.G. Ferrigno, M.C. Quinn
1984, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (50) 1437-1441
Discusses the programme on reproducing the 1930's and early 1940's nitrate aerial photographs of large areas of the US onto stable-base safety film, and the proceedings of a February 1981 meeting at the National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, which discussed the programme and inspected the results of...
RAINFALL-RUNOFF MECHANICS FOR DEVELOPED URBAN BASINS, SOUTH FLORIDA.
Robert A. Miller
1984, Conference Paper, University of Kentucky, Office of Engineering Services, (Bulletin) UKY BU
Rainfall-runoff data, collected by the US Geological Survey as part of an urban hydrology study in south Florida, were analyzed to find relations between depths of rainfall and basin runoff. Data were collected for about 300 runoff events on four different urban land-use basins - commercial, highway, single-family residential, and...
Lead and strontium isotopic evidence for crustal interaction and compositional zonation in the source regions of Pleistocene basaltic and rhyolitic magmas of the Coso volcanic field, California
C. R. Bacon, H. Kurasawa, M.H. Delevaux, R. W. Kistler, B. R. Doe
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (85) 366-375
The isotopic compositions of Pb and Sr in Pleistocene basalt, high-silica rhyolite, and andesitic inclusions in rhyolite of the Coso volcanic field indicate that these rocks were derived from different levels of compositionally zoned magmatic systems. The 2 earliest rhyolites probably were tapped from short-lived silicic reservoirs, in contrast to...
Potential primary and secondary hazards of avicides
E. W. Schafer Jr.
Dell O. Clark, editor(s)
1984, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the eleventh vertebrate pest conference
There are six chemicals or groups of chemicals that are currently registered as avicides that can be used in some or all of the U.S. Most of these chemicals, because of their diverse chemical composition and innate toxicological effects, present somewhat different primary and secondary hazards to avian and mammalian...
Long-term observations of bottom conditions and sediment movement on the Atlantic continental shelf; time-lapse photography from instrumented tripod
Bradford Butman, Cynthia G. Bryden, Stephanie L. Pfirman, William J. Strahle, Marlene A. Noble
1984, Conference Paper
An instrument system that measures bottom current, temperature, light transmission, and pressure, and that photographs the bottom at 2- to 6-hour intervals has been developed to study sediment transport on the Atlantic Continental Shelf. Instruments have been deployed extensively along the United States East Coast Continental Shelf for periods of...
LASER MICROPROBE **4**0Ar/**3**9Ar DATING OF MINERAL GRAINS IN SITU.
J. F. Sutter, Jack B. Hartung
1984, Scanning Electron Microscopy 1525-1529
A laser-microprobe attached to a mass spectrometer for **4**0Ar/**3**9Ar age determination of single mineral grains in geological materials has been made operational at the US Geological Survey, Reston, VA. This microanalytical technique involves focusing a pulsed laser beam onto a sample contained in an ultra-high vacuum chamber attached to a...
