Oldest (Early Tertiary) subsurface carbonate rocks of St. Croix, USVI, revealed in a turbidite-mudball.
B. H. Lidz
1984, Journal of Foraminiferal Research (14) 213-227
Ranging in age from early Eocene to early Miocene and younger, pelagic foraminifers form the major component of a phenoclastic mudball within a fossiliferous turbidite. The turibidite is part of a more than 12m-thick section of biogenic deposits of middle Miocene age.-from Author...
RESEARCH FOR THE USGS DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHY PROGRAM.
Robert B. McEwen, Lowell E. Starr
1984, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey National Mapping Division (NMD) has been conducting research and development in digital cartography since the early seventies. Since 1977 there has been an acceleration of activities associated with establishing a National Digital Cartographic Data Base (NDCDB). The NMD Office of Research is primarily responsible for...
Spectral properties of ice‐particulate mixtures and implications for remote sensing: 1. Intimate mixtures
Roger N. Clark, Paul G. Lucey
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (89) 6341-6348
The spectral properties of water ice-particulate mixtures are studied for the purpose of deriving the ice and particulate abundances from remotely obtained spectra (particulates referring to nonicy materials in the form of grains). Reflectance levels and ice absorption band depths are a complex function of the single scattering albedo of...
Analysis of trace metals in water by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry using sodium dibenzyldithiocarbamate for preconcentration
C. L. Smith, Jerry M. Motooka, W. R. Willson
1984, Analytical Letters (17) 1715-1730
Since concentrations of trace elements in most natural waters seldom exceed the μg/L level, analysis of trace elements in natural waters by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP) requires a preconcentration procedure. The elements Ag, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, W, and Zn were separated...
The complex variable boundary element method: Applications in determining approximative boundaries
T. V. Hromadka II
1984, Engineering Analysis (1) 218-222
The complex variable boundary element method (CVBEM) is used to determine approximation functions for boundary value problems of the Laplace equation such as occurs in potential theory. By determining an approximative boundary upon which the CVBEM approximator matches the desired constant (level curves) boundary conditions, the CVBEM is found to...
Determination of uranium concentration in water by liquid anion exchange-delayed neutron analysis
R. A. Zielinski, D. M. McKown
1984, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (84) 207-212
Dissolved uranium is selectively removed from 11 of filtered, acidified water using a liquid anion exchange resin (Amberlite LA-1) dissolved in 10 ml of purified kerosene. The organic phase is then analyzed by a standard delayed neutron counting technique. Yields of removed uranium are consistently greater than 90 percent over...
On the treatment of evapotranspiration, soil moisture accounting, and aquifer recharge in monthly water balance models
William M. Alley
1984, Water Resources Research (20) 1137-1149
Several two- to six-parameter regional water balance models are examined by using 50-year records of monthly streamflow at 10 sites in New Jersey. These models include variants of the Thornthwaite-Mather model, the Palmer model, and the more recent Thomas abcd model. Prediction errors are relatively similar among the models. However, simulated values...
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALASKAN GOLD PROJECT.
John C. Antweiler, John Cathrall, Richard Tripp
1984, Conference Paper, University of Alaska, Mineral Industry Research Laboratory, MIRL Report
The United States Geological Survey has begun a state-wide study of Alaskan gold deposits. The immediate goals are to determine the relationship of gold in placer deposits to possible primary sources, to determine how nuggets form, to contribute to existing knowledge of principles for prospecting for placer deposits, and determine...
Evolution of the yardangs at Rogers Lake, California
A. W. Ward, R. Greeley
1984, Geological Society of America Bulletin (95) 829-837
Yardangs are streamlined, wind-eroded hills common to most deserts. Yardangs at Rogers Lake, Mojave Desert, California, have streamlined forms characteristic of objects eroded by moving fluids, a teardrop shape that approaches an ideal 1:4 width-to-length ratio. In wind-tunnel simulations, miniature forms of various...
MULTISPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF CARBONATE ROCKS IN THE CONFUSION RANGE, UTAH.
James K. Crowley
1984, Conference Paper
Multispectral imagery recorded by the NASA/Bendix 24-channel aircraft scanner over the Confusion Range, Utah, proved to be extremely sensitive to lithologic variations in exposed carbonate rocks. Major carbonate units within a 16-km**2 study area were readily distinguished, and some aspects of their structure and stratigraphy could be inferred from image...
Evaporation from flowing channels
J.M. Fulford, T.W. Sturm
1984, Journal of Energy Engineering - ASCE (110) 1-9
Stability‐dependent and Dalton‐type mass transfer formulas are determined from experimental evaporation data in ambient and heated channels and are shown to have similar performance in prediction of evaporation. The formulas developed are compared with those proposed by other investigators for lakes and flowing channels. The evaporation data were obtained from...
Stratiform tourmalinites in metamorphic terranes and their geologic significance
J. F. Slack, N. Herriman, R.G. Barnes, I.R. Plimer
1984, Geology (12) 713-716
Stratiform tourmalinites are significant minor rock types in many regional metamorphic terranes of the world. Tourmalinites are more widespread than previously recognized and are especially common in Proterozoic and early Paleozoic sequences dominated by clastic metasedimentary rocks. They consist of conformable layers made...
Changing patterns of Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation and implications of climatic control on coal occurrence
T.L. Phillips, R.A. Peppers
1984, International Journal of Coal Geology (3) 205-255
Improved regional and interregional stratigraphic correlations of Pennsylvanian strata permit comparisons of vegetational changes in Euramerican coal swamps. The coal-swamp vegetation is known directly from in situ coal-ball peat deposits from more than 65 coals in the United States and Europe....
ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION OF LANDSAT DATA FOR USE IN A HIGH PLAINS GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL.
Gail Thelin, Leonard Gaydas, Walter Donovan, Carol Mladinich
1984, Conference Paper
Data obtained from 59 Landsat scenes were used to estimate the areal extent of irrigated agriculture over the High Plains region of the United States for a ground-water flow model. This model provides information on current trends in the amount and distribution of water used for irrigation. The analysis and...
Rehabilitation materials from surface- coal mines in western U.S.A. III. Relations between elements in mine soil and uptake by plants.
R. C. Severson, L. P. Gough
1984, Reclamation and Revegetation Research (3) 185-197
Plant uptake of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn from mine soils was assessed using alfalfa Medicago sativa, sainfoin Onobrychis viciaefolia, smooth brome Bromus inermis, crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum, slender wheatgrass A. trachycaulum and intermediate wheatgrass A. intermedium; mine soil (cover-soil and spoil material) samples were collected...
Use of partial dissolution techniques in geochemical exploration
T. T. Chao
1984, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (20) 101-135
Application of partial dissolution techniques to geochemical exploration has advanced from an early empirical approach to an approach based on sound geochemical principles. This advance assures a prominent future position for the use of these techniques in geochemical exploration for concealed mineral deposits. Partial dissolution techniques are classified as single...
Accretionary lapilli in altered tuffs associated with coal beds
B.F. Bohor, Don M. Triplehorn
1984, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (54) 317-325
Accretionary lapilli have been identified in claystones (tonsteins) associated with coal beds of Late Cretaceous age in Wyoming, Utah, and New Mexico. The presence of accretionary lapilli in these tonstein partings confirms their volcanic origin. Similar concentric structures in other claystones not in...
Low-temperature heat capacities of CaAl2SiO6 glass and pyroxene and thermal expansion of CaAl2SiO6 pyroxene.
H.T. Haselton Jr., B. S. Hemingway, R. A. Robie
1984, American Mineralogist (69) 481-489
Low-T heat capacities (5-380 K) have been measured by adiabatic calorimetry for synthetic CaAl2SiO6 glass and pyroxene. High-T unit cell parameters were measured for CaAl2SiO6 pyroxene by means of a Nonius Guinier-Lenne powder camera in order to determine the mean coefficient of thermal expansion in the T range 25-1200oC. -J.A.Z....
Bonded-phase extraction column isolation of organic compounds in groundwater at a hazardous waste site
C.E. Rostad, W. E. Pereira, S.M. Ratcliff
1984, Analytical Chemistry (56) 2856-2860
A procedure for isolation of hazardous organic compounds from water for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis Is presented and applied to creosote- and pentachlorophenol-contaminated groundwater resulting from wood-treatment processes. This simple procedure involved passing a 50-100-mL sample through a bonded-phase extraction column, eluting the trapped organic compounds from the column with...
Subsurface injection of treated sewage into a saline-water aquifer at St. Petersburg, Florida - Water-quality changes and potential for recovery of injected sewage
J.J. Hickey, G. G. Ehrlich
1984, Ground Water (22) 397-405
The city of St. Petersburg is testing subsurface injection of treated sewage into the Floridan aquifer as a means of eliminating discharge of sewage to surface waters and as a means of storing treated sewage for future nonpotable reuse. The injection zone at the test site at the start of...
Distribution of trace elements in coal from the Powhatan No. 6 mine, Ohio
C.A. Palmer, R.H. Filby
1984, Fuel (63) 318-328
Size and density separates of low-temperature-ashed coal from the Powhatan No. 6 mine, Ohio, have been used to determine the mode of occurrence of 28 minor and trace elements in coal. The size distribution of the major minerals has been determined, and correlations of trace elements with major minerals have...
The continental slope off New England: A long-range sidescan-sonar perspective
Kathryn M. Scanlon
1984, Geo-Marine Letters (4) 1-4
The first continuous overview of a large segment of the continental slope and rise off the northeastern United States has been obtained using the GLORIA II long-range sidescan-sonar system. Extensive dissection by canyon and gully systems and evidence of possible large-scale sediment sliding are seen on the slope. The style...
Sampling design optimization for spatial functions
Ricardo A. Olea
1984, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (16) 369-392
A new procedure is presented for minimizing the sampling requirements necessary to estimate a mappable spatial function at a specified level of accuracy. The technique is based on universal kriging, an estimation method within the theory of regionalized variables. Neither actual implementation of the sampling nor universal kriging estimations are...
Determination of rare-earth elements, yttrium and scandium in manganese nodules by inductively-coupled argon-plastma emission spectrometry
Terry L. Fries, Paul J Lamothe, J. J. Pesek
1984, Analytica Chimica Acta (159) 329-336
A sequential-scanning, inductively-coupled argon plasma emission spectrometer is used for the determination of the rare-earth elements, plus yttrium and scandium, in manganese nodules. Wavelength selection is optimized to minimize spectral interferences from manganese nodule components. Samples are decomposed with mixed acids in a sealed polycarbonate vessel, and elements are quantified...
Magmatic inclusions in rhyolites, contaminated basalts, and compositional zonation beneath the Coso volcanic field, California
C. R. Bacon, J. Metz
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (85) 346-365
Basaltic lava flows and high-silica rhyolite domes form the Pleistocene part of the Coso volcanic field in southeastern California. The distribution of vents maps the areal zonation inferred for the upper parts of the Coso magmatic system. Subalkalic basalts (<50% SiO2) were erupted well away from the rhyolite field...
