Effects of topoclimatic complexity on the composition of woody plant communities
Meagan F. Oldfather, Matthew N. Britton, Prahlad D. Papper, Michael J. Koontz, Michelle M. Halbur, Celeste Dodge, Alan L. Flint, Lorraine E. Flint, David D. Ackerly
2016, AoB PLANTS (8) 1-15
Topography can create substantial environmental variation at fine spatial scales. Shaped by slope, aspect, hill-position and elevation, topoclimate heterogeneity may increase ecological diversity, and act as a spatial buffer for vegetation responding to climate change. Strong links have been observed between climate heterogeneity and species diversity at broader scales, but...
Demographic modeling for reintroduction decision-making
Sarah J. Converse, Doug P. Armstrong
2016, Book chapter, Reintroduction of fish and wildlife populations
In this chapter we consider the construction and use of population models to support reintroduction decision making. We begin by reviewing the decision-analytic process, also known as structured decision making. The material on structured decision making builds on the chapter by Chauvenet et al. (This Volume) who focus their attention...
Silicic lunar volcanism: Testing the crustal melting model
Amber Gullikson, Justin Hagerty, Mary R. Reid, Jennifer F. Rapp, David S. Draper
2016, American Mineralogist (101) 2312-2321
Lunar silicic rocks were first identified by granitic fragments found in samples brought to Earth by the Apollo missions, followed by the discovery of silicic domes on the lunar surface through remote sensing. Although these silicic lithologies are thought to make up a small portion of the lunar crust, their...
Uncertainty in CO2 storage cost and resource estimates
Steven T. Anderson
2016, Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs (48)
Carbon capture from stationary sources and geological storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important option to include in strategies for the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the potential costs of commercial-scale CO2storage are not well constrained, stemming from the inherent uncertainty in current geologic storage resource...
Liability, and the costs of CO2 sequestration
Steven T. Anderson
2016, Conference Paper, U.S. Association for Energy Economics and International Association for Energy Economics North American Conference, 34th
No abstract available....
Combined effects of nitrogen to phosphorus and nitrate toammonia ratios on cyanobacterial metabolite concentrations ineutrophic Midwestern USA reservoirs
Theodore D. Harris, Val H. Smith, Jennifer L. Graham, Dedmer B. Van de Waal, Lenore Tedesco, Nicolas Clercin
2016, Inland Waters (6) 199-210
Recent studies have shown that the total nitrogen to total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratio and nitrogen oxidation state may have substantial effects on secondary metabolite (e.g., microcystins) production in cyanobacteria. We investigated the relationship between the water column TN:TP ratio and the cyanobacterial secondary metabolites geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), and microcystin using...
Understanding environmental DNA detection probabilities: A case study using a stream-dwelling char Salvelinus fontinalis
Taylor Wilcox, Kevin S. Mckelvey, Michael K. Young, Adam J. Sepulveda, Bradley B. Shepard, Stephen F Jane, Andrew R. Whiteley, Winsor H. Lowe, Michael K. Schwartz
2016, Biological Conservation (194) 209-216
Environmental DNA sampling (eDNA) has emerged as a powerful tool for detecting aquatic animals. Previous research suggests that eDNA methods are substantially more sensitive than traditional sampling. However, the factors influencing eDNA detection and the resulting sampling costs are still not well understood. Here we use multiple experiments to derive...
Moss and vascular plant indices in Ohio wetlands have similar environmental predictors
Martin A. Stapanian, William Schumacher, Brian Gara, Jean V. Adams, Nick Viau
2016, Ecological Indicators (62) 138-146
Mosses and vascular plants have been shown to be reliable indicators of wetland habitat delineation and environmental quality. Knowledge of the best ecological predictors of the quality of wetland moss and vascular plant communities may determine if similar management practices would simultaneously enhance both populations. We used Akaike's Information Criterion...
Mosses in Ohio wetlands respond to indices of disturbance and vascular plant integrity
Martin A. Stapanian, William Schumacher, Brian Gara, Nick Viau
2016, Ecological Indicators (63) 110-120
We examined the relationships between an index of wetland habitat quality and disturbance (ORAM score) and an index of vascular plant integrity (VIBI-FQ score) with moss species richness and a moss quality assessment index (MQAI) in 45 wetlands in three vegetation types in Ohio, USA. Species richness of mosses and...
Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models
Y. Luo, Anders Ahlstrom, Steven D. Allison, Niels H. Batjes, V. Brovkin, Nuno Carvalhais, Adrian Chappell, Philippe Ciais, Eric A. Davidson, Adien Finzi, Katerina Georgiou, Bertrand Guenet, Oleksandra Hararuk, Jennifer Harden, Yujie He, Francesca Hopkins, L. Jiang, Charles Koven, Robert B. Jackson, Chris D. Jones, M. Lara, J. Liang, A. David McGuire, William Parton, Changhui Peng, J. Randerson, Alejandro Salazar, Carlos A. Sierra, Matthew J. Smith, Hanqin Tian, Katherine E. O Todd-Brown, Margaret S. Torn, Kees Jan van Groenigen, Ying Wang, Tristram O. West, Yaxing Wei, William R. Wieder, Jianyang Xia, Xia Xu, Xiaofeng Xu, T. Zhou
2016, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (30) 40-56
Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections...
Pre-Mississippian tectonic affinity across the Canada Basin–Arctic margins of Alaska and Canada
David W. Houseknecht, Christopher D. Connors
2016, Geology (44) 507-510
New and reprocessed seismic reflection data on the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic margins of the Canada Basin, together with geologic constraints from exploration wells and outcrops, reveal structural and stratigraphic relationships in pre-Mississippian rocks that constrain models of Canada Basin opening. Lithostratigraphic age and acoustic character indicate that the Devonian...
Slab-rollback ignimbrite flareups in the southern Great Basin and other Cenozoic American arcs: A distinct style of arc volcanism
Myron G. Best, Eric H. Christiansen, Shanaka de Silva, Peter W. Lipman
2016, Geosphere (12) 1097-1135
In continental-margin subduction zones, basalt magmas spawned in the mantle interact with the crust to produce a broad spectrum of volcanic arc associations. A distinct style of very voluminous arc volcanism develops far inland on thick crust over periods of 10–20 m.y. and involves relatively infrequent caldera-forming explosive eruptions of...
The Aleutian-Bering Climate Vulnerability Assessment
Aaron Poe, Thomas I. van Pelt, Jeremy S. Littell, editor(s)
2016, Report
Recent efforts to develop downscaled climate projections for the Bering Sea and Aleutians created an opportunity to better assess regional vulnerability to climate change. The Aleutian BeringClimate Vulnerability Assessment (ABCVA) was launched in 2014 to bring together regional science expertise and stakeholder interests in a rapid evaluation of the implications...
Invasive pythons, not anthropogenic stressors, explain the distribution of a keystone species
Adia R. Sovie, Robert A. McCleery, Robert J. Fletcher, Kristen M. Hart
2016, Biological Invasions (18) 3309-3318
Untangling the causes of native species loss in human-modified systems is difficult and often controversial. Evaluating the impact of non-native species in these systems is particularly challenging, as additional human perturbations often precede or accompany introductions. One example is the ongoing debate over whether mammal declines within Everglades National Park...
Along-strike variations in fault frictional properties along the San Andreas Fault near Cholame, California from joint earthquake and low-frequency earthquake relocations
Rebecca M. Harrington, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Emily M. Griffiths, Xiangfang Zeng, Clifford H. Thurber
2016, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (106) 319-326
Recent observations of low‐frequency earthquakes (LFEs) and tectonic tremor along the Parkfield–Cholame segment of the San Andreas fault suggest slow‐slip earthquakes occur in a transition zone between the shallow fault, which accommodates slip by a combination of aseismic creep and earthquakes (<15 km depth), and the deep fault, which accommodates slip...
Management-driven science synthesis: An evaluation of Everglades restoration trajectories
Stephen E Davis, James M. Beerens, Rena R. Borkhataria, Daniel L. Childers, Jay Choi, Steven M Davis, Carl Fitz, Evelyn Gaiser, Hiram Henriquez, Thomas E. Lodge, Judson Harvey, Frank Marshall, Bobby McCormick, Melodie Naja, Todd Osborne, Michael S. Ross, Jay Sah, Joel C. Trexler, Thomas Van Lent, Paul R. Wetzel
2016, Report
The Synthesis of Everglades Restoration andEcosystem Services (SERES) Project was funded in 2010 by the U.S. Department of Interior (DOI) through the Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative (CESI) and established to synthesize the ever-growing body of Everglades scientific information with the goal of addressing topics that have hampered restoration since the...
Streamflow
Michael McHale, Robert W. Dudley, Glenn A. Hodgkins
2016, Report, Climate change indicators in the United States
This indicator describes trends in the amount of water carried by streams across the United States, as well as the timing of runoff associated with snowmelt....
Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations — Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team 2015
Frank T. van Manen, Mark A. Haroldson, Bryn Karabensh, editor(s)
2016, Report
This Annual Report summarizes results of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) monitoring and research conducted in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) during 2015. The report also contains a summary of grizzly bear management actions to address conflict situations. ...
Distributions of small nongame fishes in the lower Yellowstone River
Michael B. Duncan, Robert G. Bramblett, Alexander V. Zale
2016, American Midland Naturalist (175) 1-23
The Yellowstone River is the longest unimpounded river in the conterminous United States. It has a relatively natural flow regime, which helps maintain diverse habitats and fish assemblages uncommon in large rivers elsewhere. The lower Yellowstone River was thought to support a diverse nongame fish assemblage including several species of...
Tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda spp.) in the Colorado River basin: Synthesis of an expert panel forum
Benjamin R. Bloodworth, Patrick B. Shafroth, Anna A. Sher, Rebecca B. Manners, Daniel W. Bean, Matthew J. Johnson, Osvel Hinojosa-Huerta
2016, Report, Ruth Powell Hutchins Water Center scientific and technical report series
Executive Summary In 2001, the U.S. Department of Agriculture approved the release of a biological control agent, the tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda spp.), to naturally control tamarisk populations and provide a less costly, and potentially more effective, means of removal compared with mechanical and chemical methods. The invasive plant tamarisk (Tamarix spp.;...
The biogeography of threatened insular iguanas and opportunities for invasive vertebrate management
Bernie R. Tershy, Kelly M. Newton, Dena R. Spatz, Kirsty Swinnerton, John B. Iverson, Robert N. Fisher, Peter S. Harlow, Nick D. Holmes, Donald A. Croll
J. B. Iverson, T. D. Grant, C. R. Knapp, S. A. Pasachnik, editor(s)
2016, Book chapter, Iguanas: Biology, Systematics, and Conservation: Herpetological Conservation and Biology 11(Monograph 6)
Iguanas are a particularly threatened group of reptiles, with 61% of species at risk of extinction. Primary threats to iguanas include habitat loss, direct and indirect impacts by invasive vertebrates, overexploitation, and human disturbance. As conspicuous, charismatic vertebrates, iguanas also represent excellent flagships for biodiversity conservation. To assist planning for...
In-air hearing of a diving duck: A comparison of psychoacoustic and auditory brainstem response thresholds
Sara E. Crowell, Alicia M. Wells-Berlin, Ronald E. Therrien, Sally E. Yannuzzi, Catherine E. Carr
2016, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (139) 3001-3008
Auditory sensitivity was measured in a species of diving duck that is not often kept in captivity, the lesser scaup. Behavioral (psychoacoustics) and electrophysiological [the auditory brainstem response (ABR)] methods were used to measure in-air auditory sensitivity, and the resulting audiograms were compared. Both approaches yielded audiograms with similar U-shapes...
Photoperiod and nesting phenology of whooping cranes at two captive sites
Glenn H. Olsen
2016, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
Increasing daylight is known to be a breeding stimulus in many avian species breeding in northern latitudes. This is thought to be true for cranes that breed in such latitudes including the Whooping Crane (Grus americana). For this reason, the captive breeding centers use artificial light to lengthen daylight hours,...
Hematology results from experimental exposure of sandhill cranes to West Nile virus
Glenn H. Olsen
2016, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
West Nile virus is a deadly virus for young cranes. In testing two different vaccines on both adult sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis), we discovered that some blood parameters are altered by exposure to the virus. White blood cell counts were the most obvious, and may be used as an indicator...
Conservation of imperiled crayfish species - Cambarus veteranus (Decapoda: Cambaridae)
Stuart A. Welsh, Zachary J. Loughman, Roger F. Thoma, James W. Fetzner
2016, Journal of Crustacean Biology (35) 850-860
