Statistical guides to estimating the number of undiscovered mineral deposits: an example with porphyry copper deposits
Donald A. Singer, W. D. Menzie
Qiuming Cheng, G. F. Bonham-Carter, editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of IAMG—The annual conference of the International Assoc. for Mathematical Geology
Estimating numbers of undiscovered mineral deposits is a fundamental part of assessing mineral resources. Some statistical tools can act as guides to low variance, unbiased estimates of the number of deposits. The primary guide is that the estimates must be consistent with the grade and tonnage models. Another statistical guide...
Teleseismic body waves from dynamically rupturing shallow thrust faults: Are they opaque for surface-reflected phases?
D.E. Smith, Brad T. Aagaard, T. H. Heaton
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 800-817
We investigate whether a shallow-dipping thrust fault is prone to waveslip interactions via surface-reflected waves affecting the dynamic slip. If so, can these interactions create faults that are opaque to radiated energy? Furthermore, in this case of a shallow-dipping thrust fault, can incorrectly assuming a transparent fault while using dislocation...
Estimating hydrodynamic roughness in a wave-dominated environment with a high-resolution acoustic Doppler profiler
J.R. Lacy, C. R. Sherwood, D.J. Wilson, T.A. Chisholm, G.R. Gelfenbaum
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (110) 1-15
Hydrodynamic roughness is a critical parameter for characterizing bottom drag in boundary layers, and it varies both spatially and temporally due to variation in grain size, bedforms, and saltating sediment. In this paper we investigate temporal variability in hydrodynamic roughness using velocity profiles in the bottom boundary layer measured with...
Sculpin community dynamics in Lake Michigan
Charles P. Madenjian, Darryl W. Hondorp, Timothy J. Desorcie, Jeffrey D. Holuszko
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 267-276
Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the dynamics of sympatric populations of deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) and slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). The first hypothesis is that slimy sculpins negatively affect survival of deepwater sculpins, and therefore deepwater sculpins coexist with slimy sculpins only when a keystone predator, lake trout...
Parallel structure among environmental gradients and three trophic levels in a subarctic estuary
Suzann G. Speckman, John F. Piatt, C. V. Minte-Vera, Julia K. Parrish
2005, Progress in Oceanography (66) 25-65
We assessed spatial and temporal variability in the physical environment of a subarctic estuary, and examined concurrent patterns of chlorophyll α abundance (fluorescence), and zooplankton and forage fish community structure. Surveys were conducted in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, during late July and early August from 1997 through 1999. Principle components analysis...
Early chromite mining and agricultural clearance: Opportunities for the investigation of agricultural sediment dynamics in the Eastern Piedmont (USA)
D.J. Bain, G. S. Brush
2005, American Journal of Science (305) 957-981
Many flood plains in the Eastern Piedmont (USA) are buried under deposits of sediment resulting from European agricultural clearance. Classic radioisotopic dating techniques cover temporal periods too short (137Cs, 210Pb) or too long (14C) to reliably date sediments deposited during periods of local European activity (1660-1900). Moreover, many potential biomarkers,...
Flow regime alterations under changing climate in two river basins: Implications for freshwater ecosystems
C.A. Gibson, J.L. Meyer, N.L. Poff, L.E. Hay, A. Georgakakos
2005, River Research and Applications (21) 849-864
We examined impacts of future climate scenarios on flow regimes and how predicted changes might affect river ecosystems. We examined two case studies: Cle Elum River, Washington, and Chattahoochee-Apalachicola River Basin, Georgia and Florida. These rivers had available downscaled global circulation model (GCM) data and allowed us to analyse the...
Upper-crustal structure of the inner Continental Borderland near Long Beach, California
S. Baher, G. Fuis, R. Sliter, W. R. Normark
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 1957-1969
A new P-wave velocity/structural model for the inner Continental Borderland (ICB) region was developed for the area near Long Beach, California. It combines controlled-source seismic reflection and refraction data collected during the 1994 Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment (LARSE), multichannel seismic reflection data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (1998-2000),...
Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits: S-language software for regression on order statistics
L. Lee, D. Helsel
2005, Computers & Geosciences (31) 1241-1248
Trace contaminants in water, including metals and organics, often are measured at sufficiently low concentrations to be reported only as values below the instrument detection limit. Interpretation of these "less thans" is complicated when multiple detection limits occur. Statistical methods for multiply censored, or multiple-detection limit, datasets have been developed...
Geochemistry and jasper beds from the Ordovician Løkken ophiolite, Norway: origin of proximal and distal siliceous exhalites
Tor Grenne, John F. Slack
2005, Economic Geology (100) 1511-1527
Stratiform beds of jasper (hematitic chert), composed essentially of SiO2 (69–95 wt %) and Fe2O3 (3–25 wt %), can be traced several kilometers along strike in the Ordovician Løkken ophiolite, Norway. These siliceous beds are closely associated with volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and are interpreted as sea-floor gels that were deposited...
Post-precipitation bias in band-tailed pigeon surveys conducted at mineral sites
C.T. Overton, R.A. Schmitz, Michael L. Casazza
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 1047-1054
Many animal surveys to estimate populations or index trends include protocol prohibiting counts during rain but fail to address effects of rainfall preceding the count. Prior research on Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis) documented declines in use of mineral sites during rainfall. We hypothesized that prior precipitation was...
Large-scale 3D subsurface conductivity imaging using full-wave forward modeling
G.L. Wang, W.C. Chew, T.J. Cui, D.L. Wright, D.V. Smith
2005, Conference Paper, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)
[No abstract available]...
Evolution of large body size in abalones (Haliotis): Patterns and implications
J. A. Estes, D. R. Lindberg, C. Wray
2005, Paleobiology (31) 591-606
Kelps and other fleshy macroalgae - dominant reef-inhabiting organisms in cool - seasmay have radiated extensively following late Cenozoic polar cooling, thus triggering a chain of evolutionary change in the trophic ecology of nearshore temperate ecosystems. We explore this hypothesis through an analysis of body size in the abalones (Gastropoda;...
Modeling downstream fining in sand-bed rivers. I: Formulation
S. Wright, G. Parker
2005, Journal of Hydraulic Research (43) 613-620
In this paper a numerical modeling formulation is presented for simulation of the development of the longitudinal profile and bed sediment distribution in sand-bed rivers. The objective of the model application, which is presented in the companion paper (Wright and Parker, 2005), is to study the development of two characteristics...
ATLSS data viewer: A tool to analyze and display ATLSS model outputs
S. Hartley, J. Johnston
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
[No abstract available]...
United States geological survey's reserve-growth models and their implementation
T. R. Klett
2005, Conference Paper, Natural Resources Research
The USGS has developed several mathematical models to forecast reserve growth of fields both in the United States (U.S.) and the world. The models are based on historical reserve growth patterns of fields in the U.S. The patterns of past reserve growth are extrapolated to forecast future reserve growth. Changes...
An integrated approach to flood hazard assessment on alluvial fans using numerical modeling, field mapping, and remote sensing
J.D. Pelletier, L. Mayer, P. A. Pearthree, P.K. House, K.A. Demsey, J.K. Klawon, K.R. Vincent
2005, Geological Society of America Bulletin (117) 1167-1180
Millions of people in the western United States live near the dynamic, distributary channel networks of alluvial fans where flood behavior is complex and poorly constrained. Here we test a new comprehensive approach to alluvial-fan flood hazard assessment that uses four complementary methods: two-dimensional raster-based hydraulic modeling, satellite-image change detection,...
Structure and variability of the Western Maine Coastal Current
J.H. Churchill, N.R. Pettigrew, R. P. Signell
2005, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (52) 2392-2410
Analyses of CTD and moored current meter data from 1998 and 2000 reveal a number of mechanisms influencing the flow along the western coast of Maine. On occasions, the Eastern Maine Coastal Current extends into the western Gulf of Maine where it takes the form of a deep (order 100...
A comprehensive study on urban true orthorectification
G. Zhou, W. Chen, J.A. Kelmelis, Dongxiao Zhang
2005, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (43) 2138-2147
To provide some advanced technical bases (algorithms and procedures) and experience needed for national large-scale digital orthophoto generation and revision of the Standards for National Large-Scale City Digital Orthophoto in the National Digital Orthophoto Program (NDOP), this paper presents a comprehensive study on theories, algorithms, and methods of large-scale urban...
Back to the basics: Birmingham, Alabama, measurement and scale
Lawrence R. Handley, Catherine M. Lockwood, Nathan Handley
2005, Journal of Geography (104) 225-230
Back to the Basics: Birmingham, Alabama is the fourth in a series of workshops that focus on teaching foundational map reading and spatial differentiation skills. It is the second published exercise from the Back to the Basics series developed by the Wetland Education through Maps and Aerial Photography (WETMAAP) Program...
A potential new energy pathway in Central Lake Erie: The round goby connection
T.B. Johnson, D.B. Bunnell, C.T. Knight
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 238-251
Round gobies, invasive fish that entered Lake Erie in 1994, are altering energy, contaminant, and nutrient pathways. Our objective was to quantify how they alter energy pathways in the central basin of Lake Erie by describing their diet and identifying the degree to which predatory fish feed upon round gobies....
Habitat models to assist plant protection efforts in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA
Frank T. van Manen, John A. Young, Cindy A. Thatcher, Wendy B. Cass, Chris Ulrey
2005, Natural Areas Journal (25) 339-350
During 2002, the National Park Service initiated a demonstration project to develop science-based law enforcement strategies for the protection of at-risk natural resources, including American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.), bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis L.), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. [syn. Actaea racemosa L.]). Harvest pressure on these species is...
Prevalence of agglutinating antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis neurona in beavers (Castor canadensis) from Massachusetts
C.N. Jordan, T. Kaur, K. Koenen, S. DeStefano, A.M. Zajac, D. S. Lindsay
2005, Journal of Parasitology (91) 1228-1229
The present study examined the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystls neurona in a population of beavers (Castor canadensis) from Massachusetts. Sixty-two blood samples were collected during the field seasons over 3 consecutive years from different animals. Blood was collected onto filter paper and shipped to the Department of Biomedical...
Impact of land use and land cover change on groundwater recharge and quality in the southwestern US
Bridget R. Scanlon, Robert C. Reedy, David A. Stonestrom, David E. Prudic, Kevin F. Dennehy
2005, Global Change Biology (11) 1577-1593
Humans have exerted large‐scale changes on the terrestrial biosphere, primarily through agriculture; however, the impacts of such changes on the hydrologic cycle are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the conversion of natural rangeland ecosystems to agricultural ecosystems impacts the subsurface portion of...
Drainage networks after wildfire
D.A. Kinner, J. A. Moody
2005, International Journal of Sediment Research (20) 194-201
Predicting runoff and erosion from watersheds burned by wildfires requires an understanding of the three-dimensional structure of both hillslope and channel drainage networks. We investigate the small-and large-scale structures of drainage networks using field studies and computer analysis of 30-m digital elevation model. Topologic variables were derived from a composite...
