Flowpath delineation and ground water age, Allequash Basin, Wisconsin
Christine D. Pint, Randall J. Hunt, Mary P. Anderson
2003, Ground Water (41) 895-902
An analysis of ground water flowpaths to a lake and creek in northern Wisconsin shows the flow system in a geologically simple basin dominated by lakes can be surprisingly complex. Differences in source area, i.e., lakes or terrestrial, combined with the presence of intervening lakes, which may or may not...
Concepts of structural equation modeling in biological research
Bruce H. Pugesek
Bruce H. Pugesek, Adrian Tomer, Alexander von Eye, editor(s)
2003, Book chapter, Structural equation modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology research
No abstract available....
Variability of isotope and major ion chemistry in the Allequash Basin, Wisconsin
John F. Walker, Randall J. Hunt, Thomas D. Bullen, David P. Krabbenhoft, Carol Kendall
2003, Ground Water (41) 883-894
As part of ongoing research conducted at one of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water, Energy, and Biogeochem-ical Budgets sites, work was undertaken to describe the spatial and temporal variability of stream and ground water isotopic composition and cation chemistry in the Trout Lake watershed, to relate the variability to the...
Recent progress in the development of a SPARROW model of sediment for the conterminous U.S.
Gregory Schwarz, Richard Smith, Richard Alexander, John Gray
2003, Conference Paper, First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: October 27-30, 2003
Suspended sediment has long been recognized as an important contaminant affecting water resources. Besides its direct role in determining water clarity, bridge scour and reservoir storage, sediment serves as a vehicle for the transport of many binding contaminants, including nutrients, trace metals, semi- volatile organic compounds, and numerous pesticides (U.S....
Use of the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model to assess hydropower licensing negotiations
N. Burkardt, B. L. Lamb
B. L. Lamb, D. Garcia de Jalon, C. Sabaton, Y. Souchon, N. Tamai, H.R. Robinette, T.J. Waddle, A. Brinson, editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the International IFIM Users' Workshop, June 1-5, 2003, Fort Collins, Colorado
In the United States, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is responsible for issuing or renewing licenses for hydropower projects owned and operated by power companies. During the licensing process, these companies are required to consult with agencies and other parties that are affected by project operating regimes....
Last Glacial loess in the conterminous USA
E. Arthur Bettis III, Daniel R. Muhs, Helen M. Roberts, Ann G. Wintle
2003, Quaternary Science Reviews (22) 1907-1946
The conterminous United States contains an extensive and generally well-studied record of Last Glacial loess. The loess occurs in diverse physiographic provinces, and under a wide range of climatic and ecological conditions. Both glacial and non-glacia lloess sources are present, and many properties of the loess vary systematically with distance...
Modeling time-varying growth using a generalized von Bertalanffy model with application to bloater (Coregonus hoyi) growth dynamics in Lake Michigan
Emily B. Szalai, Guy W. Fleischer, James R. Bence
2003, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (60) 55-66
A concurrent increase in lakewide abundance and decrease in size-at-age of bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan have suggested density-dependent growth regulation. We investigated these temporal patterns by fitting a dynamic von Bertalanffy model and lengthweight relationship with time-varying parameters to mean length- and weight-at-ages (ages 17) from annual surveys...
Developing a general conceptual framework for avian conservation science
J.R. Sauer
2003, Ornis Hungarica (12-13) 25-33
Avian conservation science in North America has produced a variety of monitoring programs designed to provide information on population status of birds. Waterfowl surveys provide population estimates for breeding ducks over most of the continent, the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) provides indexes to population change for >400 breeding...
Distribution, abundance, and habitat affinities of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow
J. Beadell, R. Greenberg, Sam Droege, J. Andrew Royle
2003, The Wilson Bulletin (115) 38-44
We examined the distribution and abundance of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens) at previously occupied sites and points within potential habitat. We found Swamp Sparrows throughout their formerly documented range except in southern Chesapeake Bay. Swamp Sparrows were most common in the Mullica River region...
An integrated analysis of the effects of past land use on forest herb colonization at the landscape scale
K. Verheyen, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, B. Biesbrouck, M. Hermy
2003, Journal of Ecology (91) 731-742
A framework that summarizes the direct and indirect effects of past land use on forest herb recolonization is proposed, and used to analyse the colonization patterns of forest understorey herbaceous species in a 360-ha mixed forest, grassland and arable landscape in the Dijle river valley (central Belgium).Fine-scale distribution maps were...
Establishing appropriate measures for monitoring aging in birds: comparing short and long lived species
M. A. Ottinger, E. Reed, J. Wu, N. Thompson, J.B. French
2003, Experimental Gerontology (38) 747-750
In order to reveal patterns of reproductive aging in birds we focus on a short lived species, the Japanese quail and the American kestrel, which has a life span of medium length. Quail have been studied extensively in the laboratory as models for understanding avian endocrinology and behavior, and as...
Nonidentifiability of population size from capture-recapture data with heterogeneous detection probabilities
W.A. Link
2003, Biometrics (59) 1123-1130
Heterogeneity in detection probabilities has long been recognized as problematic in mark-recapture studies, and numerous models developed to accommodate its effects. Individual heterogeneity is especially problematic, in that reasonable alternative models may predict essentially identical observations from populations of substantially different sizes. Thus even with very large samples, the analyst...
Hierarchical models and the analysis of bird survey information
J.R. Sauer, W.A. Link
2003, Ornis Hungarica (12-13) 217-222
Management of birds often requires analysis of collections of estimates. We describe a hierarchical modeling approach to the analysis of these data, in which parameters associated with the individual species estimates are treated as random variables, and probability statements are made about the species parameters conditioned on the data....
Estimating natal dispersal movement rates of female European ducks with multistate modelling
Peter Blums, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines, M. S. Lindberg, Aivars Mednis
2003, Journal of Animal Ecology (72) 1027-1042
1. We used up to 34 years of capture-recapture data from about 22 100 new releases of day-old female ducklings and multistate modelling to test predictions about the influence of environmental, habitat and management factors on natal dispersal probability of three species of ducks within the Engure Marsh, Latvia. 2. The mean natal dispersal distances were very similar (c. 0.6-0.7 km) for...
A new small-eared shrew of the Cryptotis nigrescens-group from Colombia (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae)
N. Woodman
2003, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington (116) 853-872
Cryptotis colombiana Woodman & Timm, 1993 previously was known from few specimens from two isolated regions in the Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Recent collecting in the northern Cordillera Central and review of older collections from the central Cordillera Oriental in the vicinity of Bogota yielded additional...
On the use of the robust design with transient capture-recapture models
J.E. Hines, W. L. Kendall, J.D. Nichols
2003, The Auk (120) 1151-1158
Capture-mark-recapture studies provide a useful mechanism for estimating the components of the population dynamics of birds, especially survival. In such studies, it is important that the population being captured matches the population of interest. In many studies, transients are captured along with the population of interest (e.g. resident breeders)....
Estimating site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction when a species is detected imperfectly
D.I. MacKenzie, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines, M. G. Knutson, A.B. Franklin
2003, Ecology (84) 2200-2207
Few species are likely to be so evident that they will always be detected when present. Failing to allow for the possibility that a target species was present, but undetected, at a site will lead to biased estimates of site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction probabilities. These population vital rates...
Estimation by capture-recapture of recruitment and dispersal over several sites
J.D. Lebreton, J.E. Hines, R. Pradel, J.D. Nichols, J. A. Spendelow
2003, Oikos (101) 253-264
Dispersal in animal populations is intimately linked with accession to reproduction, i.e. recruitment, and population regulation. Dispersal processes are thus a key component of population dynamics to the same extent as reproduction or mortality processes. Despite the growing interest in spatial aspects of population dynamics, the methodology for estimating dispersal,...
Estimation of ocelot density in the pantanal using capture-recapture analysis of camera-trapping data
M. Trolle, M. Kery
2003, Journal of Mammalogy (84) 607-614
Neotropical felids such as the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) are secretive, and it is difficult to estimate their populations using conventional methods such as radiotelemetry or sign surveys. We show that recognition of individual ocelots from camera-trapping photographs is possible, and we use camera-trapping results combined with closed population capture-recapture models...
Temporal variability of local abundance, sex ratio and activity in the Sardinian chalk hill blue butterfly
P. Casula, J.D. Nichols
2003, Oecologia (136) 374-382
When capturing and marking of individuals is possible, the application of newly developed capture-recapture models can remove several sources of bias in the estimation of population parameters such as local abundance and sex ratio. For example, observation of distorted sex ratios in counts or captures can reflect either different...
Spring hunting changes the regional movements of migrating greater snow geese
A. Bechet, J.-F. Giroux, G. Gauthier, J.D. Nichols, J.E. Hines
2003, Journal of Applied Ecology (40) 553-564
1. Human-induced disturbance such as hunting may influence the migratory behaviour of long-distance migrants. In 1999 and 2000 a spring hunt of greater snow geese Anser caerulescens atlanticus occurred for the first time in North America since 1916, aimed at stopping population growth to protect natural habitats. 2. We evaluated the impact of this hunt on the staging movements of geese along...
Biorecovery of gold
R. Eisler
2003, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (41) 967-971
Recovery of ionic and metallic gold (Au) from a wide variety of solutions by selected species of bacteria, yeasts, fungi, algae, and higher plants is documented. Gold accumulations were up to 7.0 g/kg dry weight (DW) in various species of bacteria, 25.0 g/kg DW in freshwater algae, 84.0 g/kg...
Lead accumulation in feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) experimentally treated in the field
N. H. Golden, Barnett A. Rattner, J.B. Cohen, D. J. Hoffman, E. Russek-Cohen, M. A. Ottinger
2003, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (22) 1517-1524
Although lead can attain high concentrations in feathers, interpretation of the biological significance of this phenomenon is difficult. As part of an effort to develop and validate non-invasive methods to monitor contaminant exposure in free-ranging birds, lead uptake by feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) was evaluated in...
Adjusting multistate capture-recapture models for misclassification bias: manatee breeding proportions
W. L. Kendall, J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols
2003, Ecology (84) 1058-1066
Matrix population models are important tools for research and management of populations. Estimating the parameters of these models is an important step in applying them to real populations. Multistate capture-recapture methods have provided a useful means for estimating survival and parameters of transition between locations or life history...
Science deficiency in conservation practice: the monitoring of tiger populations in India
K. U. Karanth, J.D. Nichols, J. Seidensticker, Eric Dinerstein, J.L.D. Smith, C. McDougal, A.J.T. Johnsingh, Raghunandan S. Chundawat, V. Thapar
2003, Animal Conservation (6) 141-146
Conservation practices are supposed to get refined by advancing scientific knowledge. We study this phenomenon in the context of monitoring tiger populations in India, by evaluating the 'pugmark census method' employed by wildlife managers for three decades. We use an analytical framework of modem animal population sampling to...
