A 600-kyr reconstruction of deep Arctic seawater δ18O from benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes and ostracode Mg/Ca paleothermometry
Jesse Farmer, Katherine Keller, Robert Poirier, Gary S. Dwyer, Morgan Schaller, Helen K Coxall, Matt O'Regan, Thomas M. Cronin
2023, Climate of the Past (19) 555-578
The oxygen isotopic composition of benthic foraminiferal tests (δ18Ob) is one of the pre-eminent tools for correlating marine sediments and interpreting past terrestrial ice volume and deep-ocean temperatures. Despite the prevalence of δ18Ob applications to marine sediment cores over the Quaternary, its use is limited in the Arctic Ocean...
Editorial: Volcanic forecasting, crisis management, and risk communication
Supriyati Andreastuti, Heather M. Wright, Karen Fontijn, Victoria Miller
2023, Frontiers in Earth Science (11)
Volcanic eruptions intermittently punctuate periods of repose at volcanic centers and fields. Forecasting the timing, style, distribution, and magnitude of these eruptions is difficult, because eruptive activity varies over time, commonly in an irregular way. Furthermore, the impacts of eruptions can include loss of lives, property damage, and social and...
Geospatial standard operating procedures of the Chesapeake Bay Program
John C. Wolf, Labeeb Ahmed, Peter Claggett, Andrew Fitch, Frederick Irani, Sarah McDonald, David Strong, Renee Thompson, Zhaoying Wei
2023, Open-File Report 2023-1007
Introduction The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) has operated a geographic information system (GIS) program since the early 1990s to address the established and growing need for and use of geospatial data, maps, and analysis within the CBP Partnership. This report is intended to detail the standard operating procedures of the CBP...
Crossing the threshold: Invasive grasses inhibit forest restoration on Hawaiian islands
Evan M Rehm, Carla M. D'Antonio, Stephanie G. Yelenik
2023, Ecological Applications (33)
Forest removal for livestock grazing is a striking example of human-caused state change leading to a stable, undesirable invasive grass system that is resistant to restoration efforts. Understanding which factors lead to resilience to the alternative grass state can greatly benefit managers when planning forest restoration. We address how thresholds...
Ecological harm and economic damages of chemical contamination to linked aquatic-terrestrial food webs: A study-design tool for practitioners
Johanna M. Kraus, Kristin Skrabis, Serena Ciparis, John Isanhart, Aleshia Kenney, Jo Ellen Hinck
2023, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (42) 2029-2039
Contamination of aquatic ecosystems can have cascading effects on terrestrial consumers by altering the availability and quality of aquatic insect prey. Comprehensive assessment of these indirect food-web effects of contaminants on natural resources and their associated services necessitates using both ecological and economic tools. In the present study we present...
Development of a benchmark eddy flux evapotranspiration dataset for evaluation of satellite-driven evapotranspiration models over the CONUS
John Volk, Justin Huntington, Forrest M. Melton, Richard Allen, Martha C. Anderson, Joshua B. Fisher, Ayse Kilic, Gabriel B. Senay, Gregory Halverson, Kyle Knipper, Blake Minor, Christopher Pearson, Tianxin Wang, Yun Yang, Steven R. Evett, Andrew N. French, Richard L. Jasoni, William P. Kustas
2023, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (331)
A large sample of ground-based evapotranspiration (ET) measurements made in the United States, primarily from eddy covariance systems, were post-processed to produce a benchmark ET dataset. The dataset was produced primarily to support the intercomparison and evaluation of the OpenET satellite-based remote sensing ET (RSET) models and could also be...
January 12, 2023 SCEC workshop, Dynamic Rupture TAG – Investigating new ideas in earthquake source mechanics(SCEC Project 22157)
Ruth A. Harris, Michael Barall
2023, Report
The Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) workshop “Dynamic Rupture TAG – Investigating New Ideas in Earthquake Source Mechanics” was convened on Zoom on January 12, 2023. A total of 60 people participated. Our workshop attendees included scientists from 28 institutions and 11 countries (United States of America, Australia,...
Droughting a megadrought: Ecological consequences of a decade of experimental drought atop aridification on the Colorado Plateau
Rebecca A Finger-Higgens, Tara Boyce Belnap Bishop, Jayne Belnap, Erika L. Geiger, Edmund E. Grote, David Hoover, Sasha C. Reed, Michael C. Duniway
2023, Global Change Biology (29) 3364-3377
Global dryland vegetation communities will likely change as ongoing drought conditions shift regional climates towards a more arid future. Additional aridification of drylands can impact plant and ground cover, biogeochemical cycles, and plant-soil feedbacks, yet how and when these crucial ecosystem components will respond...
Simulation of genetic change under four removal strategies for a wild horse population
Shawna J Zimmerman, Jennifer A. Fike, Sara J. Oyler-McCance
2023, Report
Small and/or artificially reduced populations can suffer genetic erosion with long-term consequences to population fitness and persistence. However, managers must periodically remove free-roaming horses from the landscape to reduce the risk of habitat degradation. We developed an individual-based population simulation model to evaluate the expected change in genetic diversity after...
Application of geophysical methods to enhance aquifer characterization and groundwater-flow model development, Des Moines River alluvial aquifer, Des Moines, Iowa, 2022
Judith C. Thomas, Morgan A. Spring, Lance R. Gruhn, Emilia L. Bristow
2023, Fact Sheet 2023-3006
Des Moines Water Works (DMWW) is one of the largest water providers in Iowa and as population growth continues, demand for drinking water is increasing. DMWW uses groundwater and surface water as raw water sources to supply the City of Des Moines and surrounding communities. In response to current and...
Exploratory analysis of machine learning techniques in the Nevada geothermal play fairway analysis
Connor M. Smith, James E. Faulds, Stephen C. Brown, Mark Coolbaugh, Jacob DeAngelo, Jonathan M.G. Glen, Erick Burns, Drew Lorenz Siler, Sven Treitel, Eli Mlawsky, Michael Fehler, Chen Gu, Bridget F. Ayling
2023, Geothermics (111)
Play fairway analysis (PFA) is commonly used to generate geothermal potential maps and guide exploration studies, with a particular focus on locating and characterizing blind geothermal systems. This study evaluates the application of machine learning techniques to PFA in the Great...
Stream temperature prediction in a shifting environment: The influence of deep learning architecture
Simon Nemer Topp, Janet R. Barclay, Jeremy Alejandro Diaz, Alexander Y. Sun, Xiaowei Jia, Daniel Lubin, Jeffrey M Sadler, Alison P. Appling
2023, Water Resources Research (59)
Stream temperature is a fundamental control on ecosystem health. Recent efforts incorporating process guidance into deep learning models for predicting stream temperature have been shown to outperform existing statistical and physical models. This performance is in part because deep learning architectures can actively learn spatiotemporal relationships that...
Variable effects of long-term livestock grazing across the western United States suggest diverse approaches are needed to meet global change challenges
Stella M. Copeland, David L. Hoover, David J. Augustine, Jonathan D Bates, Chad S. Boyd, Kirk W. Davies, Justin D. Derner, Michael C. Duniway, Lauren M. Porensky, Lance T Vermeire
2023, Applied Vegetation Science (26)
AimsLivestock production is the most widespread land use globally and occurs across a diverse set of ecosystems. Variability in long-term livestock grazing impacts across ecosystems is poorly characterized, particularly at larger spatial scales, despite strong relationships with various ecosystem services related to soil fertility and stabilization and...
Plant water-use strategies predict restoration success across degraded drylands
Bradley J. Butterfield, Seth M. Munson, Hannah L. Farrell
2023, Journal of Applied Ecology (60) 1170-1180
Plant strategies for coping with water limitation are likely to mediate restoration outcomes in degraded dryland ecosystems. Trade-offs in traits related to water acquisition and use can intensify in more arid environments, making their effects on dryland restoration success even more salient. However, isolating the effects of drought responses...
Forecasting natural regeneration of sagebrush after wildfires using population models and spatial matching
Andrii Zaiats, Megan E Cattau, David Pilliod, Liu Rongsong, Juan M. Requena-Mullor, Trevor Caughlin
2023, Landscape Ecology (38) 1306
ContextAddressing ecosystem degradation in the Anthropocene will require ecological restoration across large spatial extents. Identifying areas where natural regeneration will occur without direct resource investment will improve scalability of restoration actions.ObjectivesAn ecoregion in need of large scale restoration is the Great Basin of the Western US,...
Field assessment of Naled and its primary degradation product (dichlorvos) in aquatic ecosystems following aerial ultra-low volume application for mosquito control
Cassandra Smith, Michelle Hladik, Kathryn Kuivila, Ian R. Waite
2023, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (84) 307-317
Naled, an organophosphate insecticide, is applied aerially at ultra-low volumes over aquatic ecosystems near Sacramento, California, USA, during summer months for mosquito control. Two ecosystem types (rice fields and a flowing canal) were sampled in 2020 and 2021. Naled and its primary degradation product (dichlorvos) were measured in water, biofilm,...
Migrating ducks and submersed aquatic vegetation respond positively after invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exclusion from a freshwater coastal marsh
Lauren E Bortolotti, Robert B Emery, Paige D Kowal, Llwellyn M Armstrong, Vanessa B Harriman, Howard Singer, Michael J. Anteau, Frank B Baldwin, Cameron Meuckon, Dale A Wrubleski
2023, Wetlands (43)
Invasive carp can negatively affect waterbirds through habitat degradation, including removal of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV). At a freshwater coastal marsh of great ecological and cultural significance, we excluded invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with the goal of restoring the marsh to historical conditions to support...
Climate-driven tradeoffs between landscape connectivity and the maintenance of the coastal carbon sink
Kendall Valentine, Ellen R. Herbert, David C Walters, Yaping Chen, Alexander J. Smith, Matthew L. Kirwan
2023, Nature Communications (1137)
Ecosystem connectivity tends to increase the resilience and function of ecosystems responding to stressors. Coastal ecosystems sequester disproportionately large amounts of carbon, but rapid exchange of water, nutrients, and sediment makes them vulnerable to sea level rise and coastal erosion. Individual components of the coastal landscape...
A call for strategic water-quality monitoring to advance assessment and prediction of wildfire impacts on water supplies
Sheila F. Murphy, Charles N. Alpers, Chauncey W. Anderson, John R. Banta, Johanna Blake, Kurt D. Carpenter, Gregory D. Clark, David W. Clow, Laura A. Hempel, Deborah A. Martin, Michael Meador, Gregory Mendez, Anke Mueller-Solger, Marc A. Stewart, Sean E. Payne, Cara L. Peterman-Phipps, Brian A. Ebel
2023, Frontiers in Water (5)
Wildfires pose a risk to water supplies in the western U.S. and many other parts of the world, due to the potential for degradation of water quality. However, a lack of adequate data hinders prediction and assessment of post-wildfire impacts and recovery. The dearth of such data is related...
Exploring effects of vessels on walrus behaviors using telemetry, automatic identification system data and matching
Rebecca L. Taylor, Chadwick V. Jay, William S. Beatty, Anthony S. Fischbach, Lori T. Quakenbush, Justin A. Crawford
2023, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (14)
Arctic marine mammals have had little exposure to vessel traffic and potential associated disturbance, but sea ice loss has increased accessibility of Arctic waters to vessels. Vessel disturbance could influence marine mammal population dynamics by altering behavioral activity budgets that affect energy balance, which in turn can affect birth and...
Field techniques for fluorescence measurements targeting dissolved organic matter, hydrocarbons, and wastewater in environmental waters: Principles and guidelines for instrument selection, operation and maintenance, quality assurance, and data reporting
Amanda Booth, Jacob Fleck, Brian A. Pellerin, Angela Hansen, Alexandra Etheridge, Guy M. Foster, Jennifer L. Graham, Brian A. Bergamaschi, Kurt D. Carpenter, Bryan D. Downing, Stewart A. Rounds, JohnFranco Saraceno
2023, Techniques and Methods 1-D11
The use of field deployable fluorescence sensors by the U.S. Geological Survey has become increasingly common for a wide variety of surface water and groundwater investigations. This report addresses field deployable fluorometers that measure the fluorescence response of various substances in water exposed to incident light generated by the sensor....
Adjusting design floods for urbanization across groundwater-dominated watersheds of Long Island, NY
Robin Lee Glas, Jory Seth Hecht, Amy E. Simonson, Christopher L. Gazoorian, Christopher Schubert
2023, Journal of Hydrology (618)
The magnitude and variability of floods have increased for many nontidal streams on Long Island (LI), NY since the mid-20th century. One of the most densely populated regions of the United States, LI has experienced amplified floods in step with increases in impervious land cover,...
Regional variability in peatland burning at mid-to high-latitudes during the Holocene
Thomas G. Sim, Graeme T. Swindles, Paul J. Morris, Andy J. Baird, Angela V. Gallego-Sala, Yuwan Wang, Maarten Blaauw, Philip Camill, Michelle Garneau, Mark Hardiman, Julie Loisel, Minna Valiranta, Lysanna Anderson, Karina Apolinarska, Femke Augustijns, Liene Aunina, Joannie Beaulne, Přemysl Bobek, Werner Borken, Nils Broothaerts, Qiao-Yu Cui, Marissa A. Davies, Ana Ejarque, Michelle Farrell, Ingo Feeser, Angelica Feurdean, Richard Fewster, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Marie-José Gaillard, Mariusz Gałka, Annica Greisman, Liam Heffernan, Renske Hoevers, Miriam C. Jones, Teemu Juselius, Edgar Karofeld, Klaus Holger Knorr, Atte Korhola, Dmitri Kupriyanov, Malin Kylander, Terri Lacourse, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Geoffrey Lemdahl, Dominika Łuców, Gabriel Magnan, Alekss Maksims, Claudia A. Mansilla, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Paul J.H. Mathijssen, Dmitri Mauquoy, Yuri Mazei, Natalia Mazei, Julia McCarroll, Robert McCulloch, Alice Milner, Yannick Miras, Fraser J.G. Mitchell, Elena Novenko, Nicolas Pelletier, Matthew Peros, Sanna Pillo, Louis-Martin Pilote, Guillaume Primeau, Damien Rius, Vincent Robin, Mylène Robitaille, Thomas P. Roland, Eleonor Ryberg, A. Britta K. Sannel , Karsten Schittek, Gabriel Servera-Vives, William Shotyk, Michał Słowiński, Normunds Stivrins, Ward Swinnen, Gareth Thompson, Alexei Tiunov, Andrey N. Tsyganov, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Gert Verstraeten, Tuomo Wallenius, Julia Webb, Debra A. Willard, Zicheng Yu, Claudio Zaccone, Hui Zhang
2023, Quaternary Science Reviews (305)
Northern peatlands store globally-important amounts of carbon in the form of partly decomposed plant detritus. Drying associated with climate and land-use change may lead to increased fire frequency and severity in peatlands and the rapid loss of carbon to the...
Documenting Arctic sea ice dynamics with Global Fiducials Program imagery
Bruce F. Molnia, Earl M. Wilson
2023, Open-File Report 2023-1008
For more than 25 years, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has used the remote-sensing capabilities of United States National Imagery Systems (USNIS) to obtain high-resolution electro-optical imagery to monitor Earth’s response to global environmental change. A major focus has been monitoring sea ice behavior in the Arctic Ocean and its...
Assembly methods for an external acoustic transmitter attachment device for fish telemetry studies
Justin R. Smerud, Kim T. Fredricks, Mark P. Gaikowski, Aaron R. Cupp
2023, Techniques and Methods 8-D1
The purpose of this report is to describe the assembly methods for an external acoustic transmitter attachment device that can be used during fish telemetry studies. External attachment is a simple procedure that can limit handling and reduce recovery times on fish. This report provides step-by-step directions to assemble devices;...
