Rockfall hazard and risk assessment in the Yosemite Valley, California, USA
F. Guzzetti, P. Reichenbach, G. F. Wieczorek
2003, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (3) 491-503
Rock slides and rock falls are the most frequent types of slope movements in Yosemite National Park, California. In historical time (1857-2002) 392 rock falls and rock slides have been documented in the valley, and some of them have been mapped in detail. We present the results of an attempt...
Modeling the Radiance of the Moon for On-orbit Calibration
T.C. Stone, H. H. Kieffer, K.J. Becker
Barnes W.L., editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
The RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) project has developed radiometric models of the Moon for disk-integrated irradiance and spatially resolved radiance. Although the brightness of the Moon varies spatially and with complex dependencies upon illumination and viewing geometry, the surface photometric properties are extremely stable, and therefore potentially knowable to high...
A mechanism for offshore initiation of harmful algal blooms in the coastal Gulf of Maine
D.J. McGillicuddy Jr., R. P. Signell, C.A. Stock, B.A. Keafer, M.D. Keller, R.D. Hetland, D.M. Anderson
2003, Journal of Plankton Research (25) 1131-1138
A combination of observations and model results suggest a mechanism by which coastal blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense can be initiated from dormant cysts located in offshore sediments. The mechanism arises from the joint effects of organism behavior and the wind-driven response of a surface-trapped plume of fresh...
Methods for using groundwater model predictions to guide hydrogeologic data collection, with application to the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system
C. R. Tiedeman, M. C. Hill, F. A. D’Agnese, C.C. Faunt
2003, Water Resources Research (39)
Calibrated models of groundwater systems can provide substantial information for guiding data collection. This work considers using such models to guide hydrogeologic data collection for improving model predictions by identifying model parameters that are most important to the predictions. Identification of these important parameters can help guide collection of field...
Structural framework of a major intracontinental orogenic termination zone: The easternmost Tien Shan, China
D. Cunningham, L.A. Owen, L.W. Snee, Ji Li
2003, Journal of the Geological Society (160) 575-590
The Barkol Tagh and Karlik Tagh ranges of the easternmost Tien Shan are a natural laboratory for studying the fault architecture of an active termination zone of a major intracontinental mountain range. Barkol and Karlik Tagh and lesser ranges to the north are bounded by active thrust faults that locally...
Effect of isolated fractures on accelerated flow in unsaturated porous rock
Grace W. Su, John R. Nimmo, Maria I. Dragila
2003, Water Resources Research (39) 1-1-1-5
Fractures that begin and end in the unsaturated zone, or isolated fractures, have been ignored in previous studies because they were generally assumed to behave as capillary barriers and remain nonconductive. We conducted a series of experiments using Berea sandstone samples to examine the physical mechanisms controlling flow in a...
A simple analytical procedure to replace HPLC for monitoring treatment concentrations of chloramine-T on fish culture facilities
V. K. Dawson, J.R. Meinertz, L.J. Schmidt, W.H. Gingerich
2003, Aquaculture (217) 61-72
Concentrations of chloramine-T must be monitored during experimental treatments of fish when studying the effectiveness of the drug for controlling bacterial gill disease. A surrogate analytical method for analysis of chloramine-T to replace the existing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method is described. A surrogate method was needed because the existing...
A proposed coast-wide reference monitoring system for evaluating Wetland restoration trajectories in Louisiana
G.D. Steyer, C.E. Sasser, J.M. Visser, E.M. Swenson, J.A. Nyman, R.C. Raynie
2003, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (81) 107-117
Wetland restoration efforts conducted in Louisiana under the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act require monitoring the effectiveness of individual projects as well as monitoring the cumulative effects of all projects in restoring, creating, enhancing, and protecting the coastal landscape. The effectiveness of the traditional paired-reference monitoring approach in...
The sterile-male-release technique in Great Lakes sea lamprey management
Michael B. Twohey, John W. Heinrich, James G. Seelye, Kim T. Fredricks, Roger A. Bergstedt, Cheryl A. Kaye, Ron J. Scholefield, Rodney B. McDonald, Gavin C. Christie
2003, Journal of Great Lakes Research (29) 410-423
The implementation of a sterile-male-release technique from 1991 through 1999 and evaluation of its effectiveness in the Great Lakes sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) management program is reviewed. Male sea lampreys were injected with the chemosterilant bisazir (P,P-bis(1-aziridinyl)-N-methylphosphinothioic amide) using a robotic device. Quality assurance testing indicated the device delivered a...
Seasonal and daily variations in concentrations of methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) at Cranberry Lake, New Jersey
L. Toran, C. Lipka, A. Baehr, T. Reilly, R. Baker
2003, Water Research (37) 3756-3766
Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), an additive used to oxygenate gasoline, has been detected in lakes in northwestern New Jersey. This occurrence has been attributed to the use of gasoline-powered watercraft. This paper documents and explains both seasonal and daily variations in MTBE concentrations at Cranberry...
Crustal magnetization and accretion at the Southwest Indian Ridge near the Atlantis II fracture zone, 0-25 Ma
A. Hosford, M. Tivey, T. Matsumoto, H. Dick, Hans Schouten, H. Kinoshita
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (108)
We analyze geophysical data that extend from 0 to 25-Myr-old seafloor on both flanks of the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). Lineated marine magnetic anomalies are consistent and identifiable within the study area, even over seafloor lacking a basaltic upper crust. The full spreading rate of 14 km/Myr has remained nearly...
Stratigraphic framework of sediment-starved sand ridges on a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate inner shelf; west-central Florida
J.H. Edwards, S. E. Harrison, S. D. Locker, A. C. Hine, D.C. Twichell
2003, Marine Geology (200) 195-217
Seismic reflection profiles and vibracores have revealed that an inner shelf, sand-ridge field has developed over the past few thousand years situated on an elevated, broad bedrock terrace. This terrace extends seaward of a major headland associated with the modern barrier-island coastline of west-central Florida. The overall geologic setting is...
Processing watershed-derived nitrogen in a well-flushed New England estuary
C.R. Tobias, M. Cieri, B. J. Peterson, Linda A. Deegan, J. Vallino, J. Hughes
2003, Limnology and Oceanography (48) 1766-1778
Isotopically labeled nitrate (15NO3-) was added continuously to the Rowley estuary, Massachusetts, for 22 d to assess the transport, uptake, and cycling of terrestrially derived nitrogen during a period of high river discharge and low phytoplankton activity. Isotopic enrichment of the 3.5-km tidal prism (150,000 m3) was achieved for the...
Effects of repeated TFM applications on riffle macroinvertebrate communities in four Great Lakes tributaries
John W. Weisser, Jean V. Adams, Richard J. Schuldt, Gregg A. Baldwin, Dennis S. Lavis, Jeffrey W. Slade, John W. Heinrich
2003, Journal of Great Lakes Research (29) 552-565
As part of the sea lamprey control program in the Great Lakes, a suite of about 150 sea lamprey producing streams have been regularly treated with the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) every 3 to 5 years since 1958. State, provincial, and tribal agencies in the basin supported the use of TFM...
US National Large-scale City Orthoimage Standard Initiative
G. Zhou, C. Song, S. Benjamin, W. Schickler
2003, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The early procedures and algorithms for National digital orthophoto generation in National Digital Orthophoto Program (NDOP) were based on earlier USGS mapping operations, such as field control, aerotriangulation (derived in the early 1920's), the quarter-quadrangle-centered (3.75 minutes of longitude and latitude in geographic extent), 1:40,000 aerial photographs, and 2.5 D...
Assessing the efficacy of single-pass backpack electrofishing to characterize fish community structure
M. R. Meador, J.P. McIntyre, K. H. Pollock
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 39-46
Two-pass backpack electrofishing data collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program were analyzed to assess the efficacy of single-pass backpack electrofishing. A two-capture removal model was used to estimate, within 10 river basins across the United States, proportional fish species richness from one-pass electrofishing and...
Using a 1200 kHz workhorse ADCP with mode 12 to measure near bottom mean currents
M. Martini
Rizoli J.A., editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the IEEE Working Conference on Current Measurement
Using high frequency Acoustic Doppler Current (ADCP) profiling technology, it is possible to make high-resolution measurements of mean current profiles within a few meters of the seabed. In coastal applications, mean current speeds may be 10 cm/s or less, and oscillatory wave currents may exceed 100 cm/s during storm events....
Characterization and statistical modeling of bacterial (Escherichia coli) outflows from watersheds that discharge into Southern Lake Michigan
G.A. Olyphant, Joan Thomas, R.L. Whitman, D. Harper
2003, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (81) 289-300
Two watersheds in northwestern Indiana were selected for detailed monitoring of bacterially contaminated discharges (Escherichia coli) into Lake Michigan. A large watershed that drains an urbanized area with treatment plants that release raw sewage during storms discharges into Lake Michigan at the outlet of Burns Ditch. A small watershed drains...
A model for spatially and temporally distributed shallow landslide initiation by rainfall infiltration
W. Z. Savage, J. W. Godt, R.L. Baum
Rickenmann D.Chen C.L., editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings
We describe a model for regional initiation of shallow landslides based on an approximate analytic solution to Richards equation combined with an infinite-slope calculation. The model applied over digital topography computes pressure heads and factors of safety as functions of depth for geographic information system (GIS) grid cells at any...
Use of input uncertainty and model sensitivity to guide site exploration
A.J. Graettinger, H. W. Reeves, J. Lee, D. Dethan
Mishra S.Mishra S., editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, Groundwater Quality Modeling and Management Under Uncertinity
Three Quantitatively Directed Exploration (QDE) methods to identify optimum field sampling locations based on model input covariance and model sensitivity are presented. The first method bases site exploration only on the spatial variation in the uncertainty of input properties. The second method uses only the spatial variation in model sensitivities....
Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks
A.S. Kitaysky, E.V. Kitaiskaia, John F. Piatt, J.C. Wingfield
2003, Hormones and Behavior (43) 140-149
Seabird chicks respond to food shortages by increasing corticosterone (cort) secretion, which is probably associated with fitness benefits and costs. To examine this, we experimentally increased levels of circulating cort in captive black-legged kittiwake chicks fed ad libitum. We found that cort-implanted chicks begged more frequently and were more aggressive...
Modeling manatee response to restoration in the Everglades and Ten Thousand Islands
Bradley Stith, James P. Reid, Dean E. Easton, Susan M. Butler
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of Joint Conference on the Science and Restoration of the Greater Everglades and Florida Bay Ecosystem, April 13-18, 2003, Palm Harbor, Florida
No abstract available....
Quaternary low-angle slip on detachment faults in Death Valley, California
N.W. Hayman, J.R. Knott, D.S. Cowan, E. Nemser, A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki
2003, Geology (31) 343-346
Detachment faults on the west flank of the Black Mountains (Nevada and California) dip 29??-36?? and cut subhorizontal layers of the 0.77 Ma Bishop ash. Steeply dipping normal faults confined to the hanging walls of the detachments offset layers of the 0.64 Ma Lava Creek B tephra and the base...
Analysis of Slug Tests in Formations of High Hydraulic Conductivity
J.J. Butler Jr., E.J. Garnett, J.M. Healey
2003, Ground Water (41) 620-630
A new procedure is presented for the analysis of slug tests performed in partially penetrating wells in formations of high hydraulic conductivity. This approach is a simple, spreadsheet-based implementation of existing models that can be used for analysis of tests from confined or unconfined aquifers. Field examples of tests exhibiting...
Climate change and Arctic ecosystems: 2. Modeling, paleodata-model comparisons, and future projections
J.O. Kaplan, N.H. Bigelow, I. C. Prentice, S. P. Harrison, P. J. Bartlein, T.R. Christensen, W. Cramer, N.V. Matveyeva, A. D. McGuire, D.F. Murray, V.Y. Razzhivin, B. Smith, D.A. Walker, P. M. Anderson, A.A. Andreev, L.B. Brubaker, M. E. Edwards, A.V. Lozhkin
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (108)
Large variations in the composition, structure, and function of Arctic ecosystems are determined by climatic gradients, especially of growing-season warmth, soil moisture, and snow cover. A unified circumpolar classification recognizing five types of tundra was developed. The geographic distributions of vegetation types north of 55°N, including the position of the...
