Moss and lichen cover mapping at local and regional scales in the boreal forest ecosystem of central Canada
G. Rapalee, L. T. Steyaert, F.G. Hall
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (106) 33551-33563
Mosses and lichens are important components of boreal landscapes [Vitt et al., 1994; Bubier et al., 1997]. They affect plant productivity and belowground carbon sequestration and alter the surface runoff and energy balance. We report the use of multiresolution satellite data to map moss and lichens over the BOREAS region...
Anomalously high b-values in the South Flank of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: Evidence for the distribution of magma below Kilauea's East rift zone
M. Wyss, F. Klein, K. Nagamine, S. Wiemer
2001, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (106) 23-37
The pattern of b-value of the frequency-magnitude relation, or mean magnitude, varies little in the Kaoiki-Hilea area of Hawaii, and the b-values are normal, with b = 0.8 in the top 10 km and somewhat lower values below that depth. We interpret the Kaoiki-Hilea area as relatively stable, normal Hawaiian...
Rooted Brooks Range ophiolite: Implications for Cordilleran terranes
R. W. Saltus, R. L. Morin, T. L. Hudson
2001, Geology (29) 1151-1154
Modeling of gravity and magnetic data shows that areally extensive mafic and ultramafic rocks of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, are at least 8 km thick, and that gabbro and ultramafic rocks underlie basalt in several places. The basalt, gabbro, and ultramafic rocks have been considered parts of a far-traveled...
Identifying determinants of nations' wetland management programs using structural equation modeling: An exploratory analysis
M.K. La Peyre, I.A. Mendelssohn, M.A. Reams, P.H. Templet, J.B. Grace
2001, Environmental Management (27) 859-868
Integrated management and policy models suggest that solutions to environmental issues may be linked to the socioeconomic and political Characteristics of a nation. In this study, we empirically explore these suggestions by applying them to the wetland management activities of nations. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a model...
MODIS land data at the EROS data center DAAC
Calli B. Jenkerson, B. C. Reed
2001, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The US Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC) in Sioux Falls, SD, USA, is the primary national archive for land processes data and one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC) for the Earth Observing System (EOS). One of...
Transport processes near coastal ocean outfalls
M.A. Noble, C. R. Sherwood, Hooi-Ling Lee, J. Xu, P. Dartnell, G. Robertson, M. Martini
2001, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The central Southern California Bight is an urbanized coastal ocean where complex topography and largescale atmospheric and oceanographic forcing has led to numerous sediment-distribution patterns. Two large embayments, Santa Monica and San Pedro Bays, are connected by the short, very narrow shelf off the Palos Verdes peninsula. Ocean-sewage outfalls are...
Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System: Filtering strategies
K.M. Larson, Peter Cervelli, M. Lisowski, Asta Mikijus, P. Segall, S. Owen
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 19453-19464
Permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) networks are routinely used for producing improved orbits and monitoring secular tectonic deformation. For these applications, data are transferred to an analysis center each day and routinely processed in 24-hour segments. To use GPS for monitoring volcanic events, which may last only a few hours,...
Rheology of ice I at low stress and elevated confining pressure
W.B. Durham, L.A. Stern, S. H. Kirby
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 11031-11042
Triaxial compression testing of pure, polycrystalline water ice I at conditions relevant to planetary interiors and near-surface environments (differential stresses 0.45 to 10 MPa, temperatures 200 to 250 K, confining pressure 50 MPa) reveals that a complex variety of rheologies and grain structures may exist for ice and that rheology...
Subglacial sediments: A regional geological template for iceflow in West Antarctica
M. Studinger, R.E. Bell, D. D. Blankenship, C. A. Finn, R.A. Arko, D. L. Morse, I. Joughin
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 3493-3496
We use aerogeophysical data to estimate the distribution of marine subglacial sediments and fault-bounded sedimentary basins beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). We find that significant ice flow occurs exclusively in regions covered by subglacial sediments. The onsets and lateral margins of ice streams coincide with the limit of...
Effect of storm trajectories on snowfall chemistry in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
G.P. Ingersoll, K.A. Tonnessen, K. Campbell, B.R. Glass, A.O. Torizzo
2001, Conference Paper, Proceedings of The Western Snow Conference
Snowfall samples from snowstorms lasting 1 to 4 days were collected near the Bear Lake snow telemetry (SnoTel) site in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado (ROMO), during the 1998-99 snowfall season to determine if storms moving in from different directions affect the chemistry of precipitation in the park. Storm pathways...
Initial yield to depth relation for water wells drilled into crystalline bedrock - Pinardville quadrangle, New Hampshire
L.J. Drew, J.H. Schuenemeyer, T.R. Amstrong, D. M. Sutphin
2001, Ground Water (39) 676-684
A model is proposed to explain the statistical relations between the mean initial water well yields from eight time increments from 1984 to 1998 for wells drilled into the crystalline bedrock aquifer system in the Pinardville area of southern New Hampshire and the type of bedrock, mean well depth, and...
Reproductive ecology and demography of the 'Akohekohe
John C. Simon, Thane K. Pratt, Kim E. Berlin, James R. Kowalsky
2001, Condor (103) 736-745
The ‘Ākohekohe (Palmeria dolei) is an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper endemic to the montane rain forests of east Maui in the Hawaiian Islands. We investigated ‘Ākohekohe nesting ecology using color-banded birds for the first time as a background to understanding the species' conservation. From 1994–1997, we color-banded 78 individuals, located and...
Paleoclimate and Amerindians: Evidence from stable isotopes and atmospheric circulation
M.B. Lovvorn, G.C. Frison, L.L. Tieszen
2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (98) 2485-2490
Two Amerindian demographic shifts are attributed to climate change in the northwest plains of North America: at ???11,000 calendar years before present (yr BP), Amerindian culture apparently split into foothills-mountains vs. plains biomes; and from 8,000-5,000 yr BP, scarce archaeological sites on the open plains suggest emigration during xeric "Altithermal"...
In situ stimulation of groundwater denitrification with formate to remediate nitrate contamination
R. L. Smith, D.N. Miller, M. H. Brooks, M.A. Widdowson, M.W. Killingstad
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 196-203
In situ stimulation of denitrification has been proposed as a mechanism to remediate groundwater nitrate contamination. In this study, sodium formate was added to a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, to test whether formate could serve as a potential electron donor for subsurface denitrification. During 16- and...
Source parameters for the 1952 Kern County earthquake, California: A joint inversion of leveling and triangulation observations
G.W. Bawden
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 771-785
Coseismic leveling and triangulation observations are used to determine the faulting geometry and slip distribution of the July 21, 1952, Mw 7.3 Kern County earthquake on the White Wolf fault. A singular value decomposition inversion is used to assess the ability of the geodetic network to resolve slip along a multisegment fault...
Hydrology of the coastal sabkhas of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Ward E. Sanford, Warren W. Wood
2001, Hydrogeology Journal (9) 358-366
Water fluxes were estimated and a water budget developed for the land surface and a surficial 10-m-deep section of the coastal sabkhas that extend from the city of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, west to the border with Saudi Arabia. The fluxes were estimated on the basis of water levels...
The consequences of landscape change on ecological resources: An assessment of the United States mid-Atlantic region, 1973-1993
K. Bruce Jones, Anne Neale, Timothy G. Wade, James D. Wickham, Chad L. Cross, Curtis M. Edmonds, Thomas R. Loveland, Nash Maliha, Kurt H. Riitters, Elizabeth R. Smith
2001, Ecosystem Health (7) 229-242
Spatially explicit identification of changes in ecological conditions over large areas is key to targeting and prioritizing areas for environmental protection and restoration by managers at watershed, basin, and regional scales. A critical limitation to this point has been the development of methods to conduct such broad-scale assessments. Field-based methods...
Measurement of 224Ra and 226Ra activities in natural waters using a radon-in-air monitor
G. Kim, W. C. Burnett, H. Dulaiova, P.W. Swarzenski, W.S. Moore
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 4680-4683
We report a simple new technique for measuring low-level radium isotopes (224Ra and 226Ra) in natural waters. The radium present in natural waters is first preconcentrated onto MnO2-coated acrylic fiber (Mn fiber) in a column mode. The radon produced from the adsorbed radium is then circulated through a closed air-loop...
Empirical assessment of indices of prey importance in the diets of predacious fish
H. Liao, C.L. Pierce, J. G. Larscheid
2001, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (130) 583-591
Determining the importance of prey taxa in the diets of predacious species is a frequent objective in fisheries research. Various indices of prey importance are in common use, and all give different results because of their emphasis on different aspects of fish diets. We explored these differences by empirically comparing...
Processes of nickel and cobalt uptake by a manganese oxide forming sediment in Pinal Creek, Globe mining district, Arizona
J.T. Kay, M.H. Conklin, C. C. Fuller, P. A. O’Day
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 4719-4725
A series of column experiments was conducted using manganese oxide coated sediments collected from the hyporheic zone in Pinal Creek (AZ), a metal-contaminated stream, to study the uptake and retention of Mn, Ni, and Co. Experimental variables included the absence (abiotic) and presence (biotic) of active Mn-oxidizing bacteria, the absence...
Flow of variably fluidized granular masses across three-dimensional terrain 2. Numerical predictions and experimental tests
R.P. Denlinger, R.M. Iverson
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 553-566
Numerical solutions of the equations describing flow of variably fluidized Coulomb mixtures predict key features of dry granular avalanches and water-saturated debris flows measured in physical experiments. These features include time-dependent speeds, depths, and widths of flows as well as the geometry of resulting deposits. Threedimensional (3-D) boundary surfaces strongly...
Implications of SHRIMP and microstructural data on the age and kinematics of shearing in the Asir terrane, southern Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia
P.R. Johnson, F.H. Kattan, J. L. Wooden
2001, Gondwana Research (4) 172-173
The Asir terrane consists of north-trending belts of variably metamorphosed volcanic, sedimentary, and plutonic rocks that are cut by numerous shear zones (Fig. 1). Previous workers interpreted the shear zones as sutures, structures that modify earlier sutures, or structures that define the margins of...
Transient storage assessments of dye-tracer injections in rivers of the Willamette Basin, Oregon
A. Laenen, K.E. Bencala
2001, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (37) 367-377
Rhodamine WT dye-tracer injections in rivers of the Willamette Basin yield concentration-time curves with characteristically long recession times suggestive of active transient storage processes. The scale of drainage areas contributing to the stream reaches studied in the Willamette Basin ranges from 10 to 12,000 km2. A transient storage assessment of...
Stable isotopes in seafloor hydrothermal systems: Vent fluids, hydrothermal deposits, hydrothermal alteration, and microbial processes
Wayne C. Shanks III
2001, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (43) 468-525
The recognition of abundant and widespread hydrothermal activity and associated unique life-forms on the ocean floor is one of the great scientific discoveries of the latter half of the twentieth century. Studies of seafloor hydrothermal processes have led to revolutions in understanding fluid convection and the cooling of the ocean...
Late quaternary vegetation and climatic history of the Long Valley area, west-central Idaho, U.S.A.
J. P. Doerner, P. E. Carrara
2001, Quaternary Research (56) 103-111
Paleoenvironmental data, including pollen and sediment analyses, radiocarbon ages, and tephra identifications of a core recovered from a fen, provide a ca. 16,500 14C yr B.P. record of late Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the Long Valley area of west-central Idaho. The fen was deglaciated prior to ca. 16,500...
